2022年高中英語 Unit2 Witnessing time語法學(xué)案 牛津譯林版選修9

《2022年高中英語 Unit2 Witnessing time語法學(xué)案 牛津譯林版選修9》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2022年高中英語 Unit2 Witnessing time語法學(xué)案 牛津譯林版選修9（11頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2022年高中英語 Unit2 Witnessing time語法學(xué)案 牛津譯林版選修9 名詞性從句: 即指性質(zhì)相當于名詞的從句，它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 一、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 連接代詞：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 連接副詞：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 連接詞：whether, if “是否”不充當句子的任何成分。 that只能起連接主句和從句的作用，不充當從句的任何成分，無詞義。

2、 二、名詞性從句的分類 1. 主語從句：用作主語的從句叫主語從句。 That she likes such kind of films is very interesting. Whether he will e remains a question. What she is doing is none of your business. Whoever es will be wele. Where he has been is still a puzzle. However you do it is all right with me. 2. 表語從句：表語從句在句中作

3、表語，它位于主句的系動詞之后。 The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 問題是抽煙的人不抽煙就會感到難受。 The question is whether it is worth doing. 問題是這是否值得做。 China is no longer what it used to be. 中國已不是從前那個樣子了。 This is where he has worked for years. 這就是他多年工作的地方。 3. 賓語從句：在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。 They know tha

4、t the habit may kill them. They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. I’m glad that I can go with you. 4. 同位語從句: 同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容?？捎糜谕徽Z從句的名詞有advice, fact, demand, doubt, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise,

5、 question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。 The news that we won the game is exciting.　 I have no idea when he will e back home. Word came that our football team had won the match. 三、名詞性從句中的注意點 主語從句： 1. 有時用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。常用句型如下。 1) It is +名詞+ that … (名詞: a pity/no

6、wonder/a pleasure) eg. It is a pity that my new puter doesn’t work. 2) It is +形容詞+ that … (形容詞若是strange, necessary, important, natural … 主語從句得用虛擬語氣should +v. eg. It’s necessary that you plete the design before National Day. 3) It is +過去分詞+ that … (常用動詞: report, say, tell, believe, think …) eg

7、. It’s said that the sports meet will be put off. 4) It + 不及物動詞+that … eg. It?occurred?to?me?that I had told him the news. ?我突然想起來我已經(jīng)告訴他這個消息了。 2. 使用主語從句應(yīng)注意。 1) 從句作主語，謂語常用單數(shù)，但以what開始的主語從句，如后面的表語為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)。 eg. What he wants to buy are three books and two ball pens. What he wanted to see was

8、an end to all the armies of the world. 2) that從句位于句首時，that絕對不能省略。That we are invited to the concert is good news to us. 3. It 作形式主語和引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句的比較。 It作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句則是強調(diào)句子某一部分，無論強調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強調(diào)部分指人時也可用who/whom。 eg. a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the fi

9、lm. 你不去看那場電影真可惜。 b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.　我對你成功與否不感興趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.　謀殺案是在早上發(fā)生的。（強調(diào)句型） d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗戶。（強調(diào)句型） 賓語從句： 1. 連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，若主句動詞后有兩個或以上的賓語從句，除第一個that外，其余均不可省。 eg. I forgo

10、t (that) my papers was due on Tuesday and that my teacher had said he would not accept late papers. 2. 在demand, order, suggest, decide, insist, desire, request, mand等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。 eg. I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅持要她自己工作。 3. 注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。 1）當主句動

11、詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時態(tài)。 eg. He studies English every day. （從句用一般現(xiàn)在時） eg. He studied English last term. （從句用一般過去時） eg. He knows (that) he will study English next year. （從句用一般將來時） eg. He has studied English since 1998. （從句用現(xiàn)在完成時） 2）當主句動詞是過去時態(tài)，從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時等；當從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自

12、然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 eg. The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America. She told me that the earth turns around the sun. 表語從句： 1. 表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可用as, as if, as though。 Things were not as they seemed. It looks as if it is going to rain. 2. 另外還要注意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。 The reas

13、on why … is that … eg. The reason why he was fired is that he didn’t work hard. That is because …… eg. He was late for school yesterday. That is because he was ill. (because 說明理由) That is why … eg. He was ill. That is why he was late for school. (前面說明理由，why引導(dǎo)從句表結(jié)果) 同位語從句： 1. 凡表示“請

14、示、建議、命令”等動詞的相應(yīng)的名詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，均用 (should) +v. 原形如：order, advice, suggestion, demand, proposal … eg. The suggestion that he (should) not go there is of great value. 2. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。 1) 定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。 2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述

15、定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行補充說明。 eg. The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。）（第一個that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語） The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。） （同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分） 四、名詞性從句中應(yīng)注意的其它情況 1. whether 與 if 的區(qū)別 1) 在賓語從句中可互換:

16、 eg. I don’t know whether/if he will e this evening. 2) 在表語、同位語從句中只能用whether: eg. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 3) 在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語時，whether, if都能引導(dǎo)主語從句，而if引導(dǎo)的主語從句只能放在句尾，否則也只能用whether。 eg. Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided. It is not sure if he

17、will succeed. 4) 在介詞后只用whether: eg. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. 5) 直接跟動詞不定式時也只用whether: eg. He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 6) 后面緊跟or not 只用whether。 eg. Whether you like it or not, you must do it well. We didn’t know whether or not she was read

18、y. 7) 某些動詞后（discuss/depend）只用whether: eg. It all depends (on) whether they will support us. We must discuss whether he will be allowed e here. 2. 名詞性從句的語序: 不管什么詞引導(dǎo)，從句的語序始終用陳述語序。 eg. I don’t know why he was crying. 我不知道她為什么哭。 The question is why there is little rain here. 問題是這里為什么雨水少。 3. Wh

19、o/whoever,?what/whatever等的用法區(qū)別 ?一般說來，what/who等含特指意義，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意義，意為“無論什么/無論誰”。 eg. It?is?generally?considered?unwise?to?give?a?child?whatever he?or?she?wants. (這里的whatever表泛指意義) 無論孩子要什么就給他/她什么事不明智的 I?can’t?remember?at?the?moment?who?has?said?the?words.?(這里的who表特定的某人) 4. that與what

20、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別 what用來引導(dǎo)各種名詞性從句，并在從句中做主語、賓語或表語，意為“所……的事或物”。 ? eg. What I need is more time. (what引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中做need的賓語) The boy isn’t what he used to be. (what引導(dǎo)表語從句，并在從句中做be的表語) I have no idea what has happened to her. (what引導(dǎo)同位語從句，并在從句中做主語) that 也可用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但 that本身無意義，也不在從句中做任何成分，僅僅起一個連接的作用。 eg

21、. The teacher taught us that we should always do our best. 語法拓展訓(xùn)練 （一）高考試題分析 1. ______ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (xx山東) A. It B. This C. What D. As [解析] C she told me是插入語，可刪除。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中充當主語。 2. The panies are working together

22、 to create ______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (xx北京) A. which B. that C. what D. who [解析] C create后為賓語從句，從句中they hope是插入語，可刪除，因為從句中缺少主語，所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句。 3. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.

23、(xx天津) A. where B. how C. when D. why [解析] C was后為表語從句，此處when與the last time相呼應(yīng)，根據(jù)句意可排除其他選項。 4. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ______ he will do or think. (xx上海) A. what B. which C. whom D. that [解析] A 介詞about后為賓語從句，

24、從句中動詞do與think缺少賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句；which“哪一個”、whom“誰”與句意不符，可排除；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時不充當成分，也可排除。 5. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. (xx浙江) A. what B. that C. which D. one [解析] A from后為賓語從句，從句中動詞spe

25、ak缺少賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句。 6. is known to us all is that the xx Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (xx福建) A. It B. What C. As D. Which [解析] B 從第二個is可知它的前面是主語從句，后面是表語從句，主語從句中缺少主語，所以用what引導(dǎo)；若去掉第二個is，則選A項。 7. When asked ______ they needed most, the kids said they wa

26、nted to feel important and loved. (xx湖南) A. what B. why C. whom D. which [解析] A 此句中When asked =When they were asked，asked后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句。 8. People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. (xx重慶) A. that B. which

27、 C. what D. how [解析] C 介詞of后為賓語從句，此處用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中充當賓語。 9. Students are always interested in finding out ______ they can go with a new teacher. (xx安徽) A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long [解析] A finding out后為賓語從句，根據(jù)句意只能用how far“到什么程度或范圍”引導(dǎo)該從句。 10. To

28、morrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? (xx陜西) A. what B. which C. that D. where [解析] D idea后為同位語從句，表示idea的具體內(nèi)容，根據(jù)句意從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用where引導(dǎo)。 11. It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against ser

29、ious illnesses in later life. (xx上海) A. if B. because C. when D. that [解析] D 該句中it是形式主語，所填選項引導(dǎo)真正的主語從句，從句中不缺任何成份和意義，只缺少連接詞，所以用that引導(dǎo)。 12. ______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (xx浙江) A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who [解析] C 所填選項

30、引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當主語，可排除A、B兩項；who可用來引導(dǎo)主語從句且充當主語，但who表示疑問語氣，與句意不符，故可排除；所以此處用whoever引導(dǎo)主語從句，相當于anyone who，此時anyone用作先行詞，who引導(dǎo)定語從句。 13. The news _____ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper. (xx上海春招) A. which??????????????? B. whether??????????????? C. what??????????????

31、?? D. that [解析] D news后為同位語從句，表示news的具體內(nèi)容，從句中不缺任何成份和意義，只缺少連接詞，所以用that引導(dǎo)。 14. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (xx上海春招) A. What?????????????? ? B. Which?????????????? C. Whether????????????? D. That [解析] A 所填選項引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當介詞about的賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)。 15. Co

32、uld I speak to______ is in charge of International Sales, please? (xx山東) A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who [解析] C to后為賓語從句，此處用whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中充當主語，此時whoever=anyone who；no matter who只能用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 16. ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (xx全

33、國II) A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which [解析] A所填選項引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當主語，所以用what引導(dǎo)。 17. He didn’t make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (xx天津) A. this B. that C. it D. these [解析] C 此處用it作形式賓語，when and where the meeting would be held作

34、真正的賓語。當復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是從句時，一般用先行代詞it作形式賓語，而將從句放在補語的后面。 18. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is. (xx天津) A. what B. which C. how D. where [解析] A 此處用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中充當表語。which引導(dǎo)賓語從句時意為“哪一個”，表示選擇；how引導(dǎo)賓語從句時意為“如何”；wher

35、e引導(dǎo)賓語從句時意為“在……地方”，均與句意不符。 19. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. (xx上海) A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where [解析] B所填選項引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)。 20. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for. (xx江蘇) A. what

36、 B. why C. how D. whether [解析] A on后為賓語從句，此處用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中充當介詞for的賓語。 21. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. (xx浙江) A. where B. what C. when D. why [解析] A That’s后為表語從句，此處where與downtown相呼應(yīng)，根據(jù)句意可排除其他選項。 22. It is n

37、one of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. (xx 福建) A. how B. what C. which D. when [解析] B 該句中it作形式主語，what引導(dǎo)主語從句。該主語從句還原為疑問句應(yīng)為“What do other people think about you?”。 23. Having checked the doors were closed, and ______ all the lights were off, t

38、he boy opened the door to his bedroom. (xx湖南) A. why B. that C. when D. where [解析] B 所填選項引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中不缺任何成份和意義，只缺少連接詞，所以用that引導(dǎo)。 24. You can only be sure of ______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. (xx安徽) A. that; what

39、 B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that [解析] B of后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)；something后接定語從句，可以省略作賓語的關(guān)系詞that。 25. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (xx陜西) A. That B. Which C. What D. As [解析] C所填選項引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當say和do的賓語，可排除A、D兩項；which引導(dǎo)賓語從

40、句時意為“哪一個”，表示選擇，與句意不符，故選C。 26. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (xx上海) A. when 　　 B. why C. whether D. that [解析] D is后為表語從句，從句中不缺任何成份和意義，只缺少連接詞，所以用that引導(dǎo)。 27. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand

41、more of ______ you read. (xx上海春招) A. that B. what C. which D. whether [解析] B of后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，可排除A、D兩項；which引導(dǎo)賓語從句時意為“哪一個”，表示選擇，與句意不符，故選B。 （二）提升訓(xùn)練 1. Please remind me ______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. A. where B. when C. how

42、 D. what 2. Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals. A. as B. that C. what D. which 3. I just wonder ______ that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 4. One advantage of playing the guitar is ______

43、 it can give you a great deal of pleasure. A. how B. why C. that D. when 5. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ______ his teammates had done. A. what B. which C. why D. while 6. —It’s thirty years since we last met.

44、 —But I still remember the story, believe it or not,?______?we got lost on a rainy night. A. which? B. that? C. what? D. when 7. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class?______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that 　

45、C. where ? D. because 8. These shoes look very good. I wonder ______. A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 9. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as

46、 B. which C. what D. that 10. Along with the letter was his promise ______ he would visit me this ing Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 11. The advice ______ I should take some medicine sounds good. A. which B. that C. /

47、 D. what 12. The problem is ______ he has enough time. A. if??? B. whether?? C. /?? D. that 13. —All the building materials have been washed away. —So I have heard. But there was no sign ______ a heavy rain was on the way last night. A. when B. that

48、 C. which D. if 14. It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language. 　　 A. should master B. masters C. mastered D. will master 15. Chances are high ______ China and Russia will make an agreement to build an oil pipeline. A. when

49、B. where C. that D. which 16. He was lucky enough to sell his car for exactly ______. A. where he had paid for it?? B. what he had paid for it C. what he was paid for it??? D. which he had paid for it 17. ______ has helped to save the drowning girl is

50、worth praising. A. Who　 B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 18. The infrastructure of a country is _______ makes everything run smoothly. A. how B. which C. that D. what 19. Maria has to baby-sit. That’s______ she can’t e with us. A. why???

51、 B. how??? C. when? ? D. what 20. What the doctors really doubt is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 21. A modern university has been set up in _____ used to be a deserted land. A which

52、 B. that 　　 C. what 　　 D. where 22. I don’t doubt ______ he’ll e. A. that B. how C. whether D. what 23. After ______ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. A. which 　 B. it C. that　 D. what 24. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wa

53、nts to know ______. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along 25. After 15 years, she changed a lot and looked quite different from ______ she used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who 26.

54、I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them 27. The reason why she couldn’t e to the meeting was ______ she had not been invited. A. because??? B. which??? C. that??? D. why 28. ______ really surpris

55、ed me most was the suggestion that he ______. A. What; had made B. That; should make C. What; should make D. That; had made 29. —Does it matter much ______ the sales manager won’t attend the meeting tomorrow? —I’ve no idea. A. if B. what C

56、. when D. that 30. You are saying that the fight against cyber crimes like “Yanzhao Men” requires great effort, and this is ______ I quite agree. A. how B. what C. where D. why Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26

57、—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCD

58、CA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC Keys: 1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BBCCB 11—15 BBBAC 16—20 BDDAC 21—25 CADAC 26—30 ACADC