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1、2020;2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 分詞
一、分詞作定語(yǔ)
① 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)的、正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)的、已完成的
動(dòng)作。
② 單個(gè)分詞放在所修飾詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞之后
The broken glass is mine.
He fired at the running wolf.
What’s the language spoken in Germany?
The man speaking German is hi s father.
NOTICE: 一個(gè)分詞若過(guò)多的表示動(dòng)作，則后置
This is the only place left.
2、
Most of the people singing / questioned were students.
③ 現(xiàn)在分詞一般式被動(dòng)態(tài)與過(guò)去分詞的異同
A. 都表示被動(dòng)； B. 時(shí)間不一致
The house being built will be a theatre.
The house built with wood is a theatre.
④ 含分詞的復(fù)合詞作定語(yǔ)
man-made fibers (人造纖維); a fox-hunting man;
well-known scientists; English-speaking coun
3、tries
⑤情感類分詞作定語(yǔ)
He spoke in a frightened / frightening voice.
他用（自己）害怕的 / 令人害怕的聲音說(shuō)。
二、分詞作表語(yǔ)
① 分詞可以表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)
The cup is broken.
The door remained locked.
② 情感類分詞作表語(yǔ)：
現(xiàn)在分詞：“令人…”,“讓別人…”；
過(guò)去分詞：“自己受…”
We were deeply encouraged.
If a story is exciting, you are excited when you read it.
His
4、disappointed words proved that you were disappointing.
三、分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
? 分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)可以用在表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞 (see, hear, feel, etc.) 以及其它
某些動(dòng)詞 (find, get, have, etc.) 的賓語(yǔ)后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此時(shí)要注意賓
語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)的還是被動(dòng)的。
I saw two men planting trees.
I found trees planted in lines.
The maps stolen by the captain were found
5、 hidden in a book.
四、分詞作狀語(yǔ)
① 可以表時(shí)間、方式、伴隨、原因和條件等；分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是句子主語(yǔ)；主動(dòng)意思用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動(dòng)意思用過(guò)去分詞
She sat at the window reading a novel.
Caught in the rain, he was wet.
Given more time, I’ll work it out.
② 注意個(gè)別表達(dá)方式
Generally speaking, men can run faster than women.
Judging from his expression, he’s very
6、 angry.
Considering everything, it wasn’t a had holiday.
③ 連詞 + 分詞
Once talked to, you may pretend to be writing.
Once talking to him, you’ll know he is a good man.
五、現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式
? 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式一般用在狀語(yǔ)中，表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，
現(xiàn)在分詞完成時(shí)不能作定語(yǔ)（此時(shí)要用定語(yǔ)從句）
Not having found the book, he was very sorry.
Having be
7、en given such a good chance, I must finish the book.
六、分詞和不定式的差異
① 作賓語(yǔ)的差異
cross (已經(jīng)發(fā)生)
I saw him the street.
crossing (正在發(fā)生)
② 作定語(yǔ)的差異
now is mine. （being built）
The house (build) last month is theirs. (buit)
next month is ours. (to be built)
七、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)以及with結(jié)構(gòu)
? 分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是句子主語(yǔ)；否則，分詞前面要加n. / pron.
構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；n. / pron. 前面再加上with就是 with結(jié)構(gòu)
The guide leading the way, we set off on foot.
He stood there with his hands tied to the fence.
2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 分詞
