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1、Topic 3 School Life學(xué)校生活學(xué)校生活核心語法突破：動詞時(shí)態(tài)核心語法突破：動詞時(shí)態(tài)()()1(2010河北，41)My brother left school in 2005,and since then he _ in Beijing.Alives BlivedCwill live Dhas lived考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。本題后面部分有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。本題后面部分有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語性時(shí)間狀語since then(自從那時(shí)起自從那時(shí)起)，has lived in Beijing一直住在一直住在北京，動作開始于過去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，故選北京，動作開始
2、于過去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，故選D。D2(2011河北，42)I _ my homework.I guess I cant join you.Adont finish Bdidnt finishChavent finished Dwont finish考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句I guess I can t join you.可知，還沒有寫完作業(yè)，所以不能加入你們，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)可知，還沒有寫完作業(yè)，所以不能加入你們，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選在的影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C。C3(2012河北，40)Miss Zhang,the mos
3、t beautiful teacher,_ many flowers and letters these days.Areceived Bwill receiveCwas receiving Dhas received考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。句尾有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。句尾有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語語these days(這些日子以來這些日子以來)，另外空后有，另外空后有many flowers and letters 強(qiáng)調(diào)到目前為止已經(jīng)收到很多，動作開始于過去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，強(qiáng)調(diào)到目前為止已經(jīng)收到很多，動作開始于過去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，故選故選D。D4(2013河北，43)D
4、ont return the video to Peter.I _it.Adont watch Bwont watchChavent watched Dwasnt watching考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。前一句說不要把錄像還給彼得，考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。前一句說不要把錄像還給彼得，后一句應(yīng)該是不能還的原因：我還沒看，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果和影響，故選后一句應(yīng)該是不能還的原因：我還沒看，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果和影響，故選C。C5(2014河北，42)Monica,you _ the exam!Congratulations!Apass Bhave passedCwill pass Dare passing考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基
5、本用法。從后文的考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后文的Congratulations！(祝祝賀你！賀你！)可知，已經(jīng)通過考試了，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故可知，已經(jīng)通過考試了，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故選選B。B6(2015河北，32)Paula is pleased that she_ her lost watch.Afinds BfoundChas found Dwill find考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。前文中考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。前文中pleased意為意為“高興的，滿高興的，滿意的意的”，說明已經(jīng)找到丟失的手表，說明已經(jīng)找到丟失的手表(lost watch)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動
6、作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故選現(xiàn)在的影響，故選C。C7(2016河北，36)Our team _ another point!Im sure well win the game.Awill get Bhas gotCis getting Dwas getting考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句Im sure well win the game.(我確定我們會贏得比賽。我確定我們會贏得比賽。)可知，我們已經(jīng)又得了一分，強(qiáng)可知，我們已經(jīng)又得了一分，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故選調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故選B。B8(2017河北，33)Wow!You _ dinner!Lets
7、 eat now.Acook Bare cookingCwill cook Dhave cooked考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法。從后一句Lets eat now.(我們現(xiàn)在我們現(xiàn)在吃飯吧。吃飯吧。)可知，飯已經(jīng)做好了，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，故選可知，飯已經(jīng)做好了，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，故選D。D現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)列表現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞It is/has been一段時(shí)間since從句have been to,have gone to 和have been in現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞1Have you had you
8、r lunch yet？你吃過午飯了嗎？Yes,I have.Ive just had it.是的，我剛吃過。(說明現(xiàn)在飽了)表示到現(xiàn)在為止動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，但結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。2We have lived here since 2000.自從2000年以來我們一直住在這里。(說明一直住在這里，也許還會住下去。)表示動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去。語法歸納考點(diǎn)1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法(1)常和“for時(shí)間段”或“since時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用。(2)表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)，謂語動詞多為延續(xù)性動詞。注意：since時(shí)間點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語或時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“從至今”eg：自從2003年到現(xiàn)在
9、：since 2003 從兩年前至今：since 2 years ago自從他搬到這兒：since he moved here“for時(shí)間段”通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可用于其他時(shí)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞just用于肯定句助動詞和過去分詞之間：剛剛already用于肯定句助動詞和過去分詞之間：已經(jīng)yet用于否定句尾，notyet：還沒有；或疑問句尾：已經(jīng)ever用于肯定句和疑問句助動詞和過去分詞之間：曾經(jīng)never用于助動詞和過去分詞之間，含否定意義：從未另外，these days,in the last few years,in the past few months,in recent year
10、s 也是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)比較典型的時(shí)間狀語。1Ive been away from this school for eight years.我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)8年了。(此句不能用have left，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)間段for eight years，而leave為短暫性動詞)I havent gone to see him for several months.我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒去看他了?？隙ň渲?，非延續(xù)性動詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用；否定句中非延續(xù)性動詞可與一段時(shí)間連用?？键c(diǎn)2 延續(xù)性動詞與短暫性動詞2將短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞短暫性動詞 延續(xù)性動詞 短暫性動詞 延續(xù)性動詞buyhaveborrowkeepca
11、tch a coldhave a coldput onwearwake upbe awakecomebe herejoinbe ingobe thereopenbe openfinishbe overclosebe closeddiebe deadbegin/startbe onleavebe awayfall asleepbe asleep eg：It is/has been two years since the old man died.這個(gè)老人已經(jīng)去世兩年了。主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句為since引導(dǎo)的短暫性動詞的一般過去時(shí)?？键c(diǎn)3 句型It is/has been一段時(shí)間si
12、nce從句eg：Jim has gone to London with his family.吉姆已經(jīng)和他的家人去了倫敦。have gone to去了某地(沒回來)eg：Have you been to Beijing before?你以前去過北京嗎？I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京兩次。have been to 去過某地(早已回來)eg：The Greens have been in China for two years.格林一家在中國已經(jīng)兩年了。have been in大地點(diǎn)：在某地呆了多久考點(diǎn)4 have been to,have gone to 和
13、have been ineg：The Greens are in China now.They have been here for half a year.格林一家現(xiàn)在在中國，他們在這兒已經(jīng)半年了。have been here/there：here/there為副詞，前面不加介詞。補(bǔ)充：過去完成時(shí)(不是中考考查范圍，有所了解，理解基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法，能讀懂相關(guān)句子即可)過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。它表示的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。1I found that he _(know)about the news the day before.2The fil
14、m _ already _(begin)when I got there.3By the end of last term,we _(learn)ten English songs.1Whats your plan after graduating from college?I_(not decide)yet.Maybe I will go abroad for further study.2Justin is a 16yearold boy.He is thinking about how _(spend)his money during the winter vacation.He_(sa
15、ve)up about 300 dollars already.havent decidedto spend has saved3I am surprised at the new look of my hometown,for it _ a lot over the years.Achanged BchangesCwill change Dhas changed句意：我對我家鄉(xiāng)的新面貌感到驚嘆，因?yàn)樗@么多年已經(jīng)改句意：我對我家鄉(xiāng)的新面貌感到驚嘆，因?yàn)樗@么多年已經(jīng)改變了很多。根據(jù)句意及句中時(shí)間狀語變了很多。根據(jù)句意及句中時(shí)間狀語over the years知，這里指的是知，這里指的是“過去
16、的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響”，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)。，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)。D4Do you know the Color Run,a fivekilometer race?Yes.So far it_ into quite a few cities in our country.Acomes BcameChas come Dis coming考查時(shí)態(tài)辨析。句意：考查時(shí)態(tài)辨析。句意：你知道彩色跑嗎，五千米的賽你知道彩色跑嗎，五千米的賽跑？跑？知道，至今已經(jīng)走進(jìn)我們國家相當(dāng)一些城市了。結(jié)合知道，至今已經(jīng)走進(jìn)我們國家相當(dāng)一些城市了。結(jié)合So far可知表達(dá)的動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成一定
17、的影響，故用現(xiàn)可知表達(dá)的動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。在完成時(shí)。C5Since we began to use the Internet,our lives _ a lot.Achange Bhad changedCwill change Dhave changed6Last year our class set up the Reading Corner.So far,we _ more than 200 books.Awere reading Bhave readCwill read Dare readingDB7Over 100 countries and org
18、anizations _ warm support to the Belt and Road Initiative(倡議)since 2013.Wonderful!Our circle of friends is growing bigger!Agive Bhave givenCgave Dwill give8Lucy borrowed the book 5 days ago.(改為同義句)Lucy_ _ the book for 5 days.Bhas kept9這個(gè)事故已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，我們將盡力幫助他。The accident _(take place)and we will do our best to help him.10她參軍快十年了。She_ _ in the army for almost 10 years.has(already)taken placehas beenThank youThank you
英語總Topic 3 School Life 3 動詞時(shí)態(tài)（Ⅲ）
