2012英語(yǔ)詞匯篇人教版必修5 unit 1《Great》課件

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,（湖南真題） 請(qǐng)從下列人物中選擇你最喜歡的一位，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文。要求根據(jù)所給信息作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，且需包括以下三部分內(nèi)容： 1. 對(duì)該人物的簡(jiǎn)單介紹； 2. 喜歡該人物的理由； 3. 從該人物身上得到的啟示,,范文背誦 Thomas Edison Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1,000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions. What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking person. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.,句型背誦 ①He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. ②Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. ③What impresses me most is his famous saying. ④I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.,1._____n. 特征；特性 2._____vt.& vi. 結(jié)束；推斷出→_____ n. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束 3._____ vt. 打?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫；_____n. 失敗 4._____ vt. 參加；出席；照顧；護(hù)理→_____n. 參加；出席；服侍 5._____ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光,答案：1. characteristic 2. conclude; conclusion 3. Defeat 4. attend; attendance 5. expose; exposure 6. cure; curable 7. absorb; absorbed 8. severe 9. blame 10. announce; announcement 11. instruct; instructive; instruction; instructor 12. contribute; contribution 13. creative; creation 14. enthusiastic; enthusiasm 15. cautious; caution 16. control,1. put_______ 提出 2. _______ a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 3. be _______ to 暴露于…… 4. _______ .to . 將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái) 5. _______ from 除……之外；此外 6. be _______ with. 對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的 7. make _______ 有道理；有意義；講得通 8. in _______ 另外,9._____ to an end 結(jié)束 10. lead_____ 導(dǎo)致；通向 11. _____ of view 態(tài)度；觀點(diǎn) 12. be_____ in 全神貫注于…… 13. _____ into 調(diào)查 14. be_____/_____ 支持/反對(duì) 答案：1. forward 2. draw 3. exposed 4. link 5. apart 6. strict 7. sense 8. addition 9. come 10. to 11. Point 12. absorbed 13. look 14. for/against,______ its cause ______ its cure was understood. 人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。 2. ______ ______ you put the sun there ______ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。,答案：1. Neither; nor 2. Only if; did,1. defeat vt. 打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n. 失敗 Our football team defeated theirs this time． 這一次我們的足球隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們的足球隊(duì)。 Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0. 我們隊(duì)以五比零的比分戰(zhàn)勝了對(duì)手。 He was defeated in his plan. 他的計(jì)劃失敗了。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 He_____ the first prize in the writing contest. A. defeated B. beat C. won D. gained 解析：選C?？疾橥x詞辨析。由句意“他在書(shū)寫(xiě)比賽中獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)”可知，選C。win表示在較激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得勝利。win the prize是常用搭配。,2. attend vt. 參加；照看，照料；處理；注意 We’ll attend to the problem later.稍后我們將關(guān)注那個(gè)問(wèn)題。 She hadn’t been attending during the lesson. 上課時(shí)她一直不專心。 溫馨提示：attendance n. 出席，出席的人數(shù)，伺候，照料。作“照料，伺候”講時(shí)，與take care of; look after同義。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： attend to處理，注意，照料 attend school上學(xué) attend a lecture/meeting聽(tīng)講座/出席會(huì)議 attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚禮/參加典禮 He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening. 他在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域很出名，今晚會(huì)有成千上萬(wàn)的敬仰者出席他的講座。 Would you like to attend our wedding? 你愿意來(lái)參加我們的婚禮嗎?,【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①我們除星期天外，天天要去上學(xué)。 We ______ ______ every day except Sunday. ②今天下午，我得回公司參加一個(gè)會(huì)。 I will go back to the office to ______ ______ ______in the afternoon. 答案：①attend school ②attend a meeting 單項(xiàng)填空 ③The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will ______ the competition. A. attend B. join C. take part in D. attend to 解析：選 C?？疾榻x詞（短語(yǔ)）辨析。attend為出席，上（大學(xué)等），賓語(yǔ)常用school, class, meeting, lecture等；join表示參加某一組織或團(tuán)體；take part in參加，參與；attend to照料。 根據(jù)句意，“……他們將參加一個(gè)比賽”，故選C。,3. expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 New fashions are exposing more and more the body． 新式服裝越來(lái)越暴露。 This film has been exposed． 這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。 His fears and insecurity have been exposed to everyone． 他的恐懼與不安暴露給了每個(gè)人。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 expose sth./sb./oneself (to.) 使面臨，使遭受 be exposed to暴露于…… 【速記名片】,用法點(diǎn)撥:expose常與介詞to連用，表示“使暴露于（日光、風(fēng)雨等中）；受到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；使面臨”。 exposed adj. （指地方）無(wú)遮蔽的，不擋風(fēng)雨的。exposure n. 暴露，揭露，揭發(fā)。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①別讓它淋雨。 Don’t _____ _____ _____ the rain. ②你不可使自己遭受批評(píng)。 You mustn’t _____ _____ _____ criticism． ③露天的士兵暴露于敵人的火力之下。 The soldiers in the open field _____ _____ _____ the enemy’s fire. 答案：①expose it to ②expose yourself to ③are exposed to 單項(xiàng)填空 ④ _____ to the sunlight for several hours will do harm to your skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed 解析：選 C。be exposed to暴露于。此處是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。,4. absorb vt. 吸引；吸收（液體，氣體，光，聲等）；使專心；理解（知識(shí)等） Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。 So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once. 這么多好主意！太多了，我很難一下子完全吸收。 Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day. 黑色墻壁在白天吸收大量的熱。 溫馨提示：當(dāng)absorb表示“使全神貫注，吸引（注意等）”時(shí)，后常接介詞in/by；表示 “合并（公司等）；吞并”時(shí)，常接介詞into； absorbed adj. 精神集中的； absorbing adj.十分吸引人的。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①老人全神貫注地讀這本書(shū)。 The old man was completely _____ _____ the book. ②四周的小城鎮(zhèn)已并入這座城市。 The surrounding small towns have been _____ _____ the city.,答案：①absorbed in ②absorbed into 5. blame vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n. 責(zé)備；過(guò)失 He blamed you for the neglect of duty． 他責(zé)備你玩忽職守。 I am ready to take the blame for the mistake． 我準(zhǔn)備承擔(dān)這一錯(cuò)誤的責(zé)任。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： blame sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而指責(zé)某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人 sb. be to blame for (doing)sth.因(做)某事，某人應(yīng)該受到譴責(zé) （此處不能用被動(dòng)） We consider that you are not to blame．我們認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)該受責(zé)備。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①那個(gè)粗心的司機(jī)該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負(fù)責(zé)。 The careless driver _____ _____ _____ _____ the traffic accident happening yesterday. ②她把婚姻的觸礁歸咎于他。,She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. =She _____ the failure of their marriage _____ him. 答案：①is to blame for ②blamed; on 【易混辨析】 blame/scold blame指對(duì)某人失職、疏忽大意或者所出差錯(cuò)的埋怨、責(zé)怪。 scold指大聲地責(zé)罵、氣憤地大發(fā)脾氣，但不用骯臟的語(yǔ)言罵人。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ③官方認(rèn)為可能不止一人該對(duì)火災(zāi)負(fù)責(zé)。 Officials believe that more than one person may be _____ _____ _____ the fire． ④不要責(zé)罵他，畢竟他只是個(gè)孩子。 Don’t _____ him; after all, he’s only a child． 答案：③to blame for④scold,6. put forward 提出(意見(jiàn)、建議)；推薦；提名；將表?yè)芸?He put forward a better plan.他提出了一個(gè)更好的計(jì)劃。 Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary? 我推薦你（提名讓你）擔(dān)任高爾夫球俱樂(lè)部的秘書(shū)好嗎？ You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes. 你應(yīng)該把表向前撥快十分鐘。 用法點(diǎn)撥：put forward的賓語(yǔ)常是“主意，計(jì)劃等”。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 put on穿；上演 put out撲滅 put away放好；拋棄；儲(chǔ)存 put down鎮(zhèn)壓；記下；貶低；制止 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①這次會(huì)議將推遲到星期五舉行。 The meeting will be _____ _____ until Friday. ②他穿上一件漂亮干凈的襯衣。 He _____ _____ a nice and clean shirt.,③把你的玩具玩完后放進(jìn)柜子里去。 Put your toys _____ in the cupboard when you’ve finished playing. ④下周星期六我有個(gè)聚會(huì)，把這事記在你的筆記本上以免忘記。 I’m having a party next Saturday; put it _____ in your notebook in case you will forget it. 答案：①put off ②put on ③away ④down 單項(xiàng)填空 ⑤The doctor has _____ a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions. A. come about B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as 解析：選 B。 根據(jù)句意，此句應(yīng)表示“提出一個(gè)新的治療方案”。come about 發(fā)生；speak up 大聲說(shuō)出；regard as 把……當(dāng)作。 7. apart from 除……之外；脫離開(kāi) Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher. 除了少數(shù)幾個(gè)缺點(diǎn)外，他是個(gè)值得信賴的老師。 Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me. 這條褲子太大，而且我穿著也不合適。,There can be no knowledge apart from practice. 沒(méi)有知識(shí)能脫離實(shí)踐。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 apart from ①除……之外（還有）= in addition to =besides （包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)） ②除……之外（別無(wú)）= except （不包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)） ③ 此外，除了=except for 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①除了癟了一個(gè)輪胎之外，我們的剎車(chē)也出了毛病。 ____ ____ a flat tyre，we had faulty brakes． ②除她之外的原班演員都是簽約雇傭的。 Every member of the original cast was signed ____ ____ ． ③除了一些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤外，你的作文很棒。 Your composition is good ____ ____ some spelling mistakes． ④計(jì)算機(jī)除了用在教育上之外，還廣泛地用于工業(yè)研究。,Computers are used extensively in industry research _____ _____ ． 答案：①Apart from ②except her ③except for ④besides education 單項(xiàng)填空 ⑤ _____ English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （2010·石家莊檢測(cè)） A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Apart from 解析：選D。 apart from相當(dāng)于besides，意思是“除……外，還有”。except表示“不包括在內(nèi)”，從后面的also看，應(yīng)用besides或apart from。 8. make sense講得通；有道理 Read this sentence and tell me if it makes sense． 請(qǐng)讀一下這個(gè)句子，告訴我它是否講得通。 Why did she do a thing like that? It doesnt seem to make sense． 她為什么做那樣的事?好像沒(méi)有意義。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 make sense of理解；明白 make no sense 沒(méi)有道理；沒(méi)有意義 in a sense 從某種意義來(lái)說(shuō)。 in no sense 絕不是，絕非,【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①你看得懂這首詩(shī)嗎? Can you _____ _____ _____ this poem? ②這稿子由于錯(cuò)誤太多，以致有的部分意義不明。 The manuscript is so corrupt that parts of it _____ _____ _____ at all. 答案：①make sense of ②make no sense 單項(xiàng)填空 ③What he says makes no _____ to me. （2010·濟(jì)南模塊檢測(cè)） A. Care B. sense C. interest D. meaning 解析：選B。make sense為固定搭配，意思是“起作用，有意義”。 ④The poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （2010·大連檢測(cè)） A.idea B. knowledge C. sense D. understanding 解析：選C。make sense of sth.理解或弄懂困難的或無(wú)法理解的事物。 注意：sense還可作動(dòng)詞，意為“意識(shí)到(某事物)；感覺(jué)到”。,9. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.（P2） 每當(dāng)暴發(fā)（霍亂）時(shí)，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。 本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，every time引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“每當(dāng)……”，相當(dāng)于“when”。 另外，此狀語(yǔ)從句中還有一個(gè)“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)。 He goes through the whole performance of checking the oil and water every time he drives the car. 他每次開(kāi)汽車(chē)都總是不厭其煩地把油和水整個(gè)檢查一遍。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 each time每次；每當(dāng) at the time of.在……時(shí)候 any/next/the first/the last time 意為“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。,the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly等都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“一……就……”。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①她一收到信就馬上去看他了。 She went to see him ____ she got the letter. ②她一聽(tīng)說(shuō)發(fā)生了事故，就立刻趕到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。 She came to the scene ____ she heard of the accident. ③上次我們談話時(shí)他說(shuō)他還需要兩天。 ____ ____ ____ we talked he said he needed another two days. 答案：①directly/immediately/instantly ②the minute/second/moment③The last time 單項(xiàng)填空 ④She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test ____ I know it.” （2010·陜西師大附中檢測(cè)） A. because B. the moment C. after D. though 解析：選B。the moment意為“一……就”，相當(dāng)于as soon as。類似用法的連詞還有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫(xiě) The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the _s____ farming. 2. The doctor had my eyes _e____ for weakening. 3. They were _d____ in their attempt(企圖) to reach the top of the mountain. 4. The little brave girl _e____ the crime(罪行)of the criminal(罪犯). 5. You should not _r____the invitation from your old friend. 6. What is your _v____ on Chinese education? 7. The police are watching the man’s _m___ secretly. 8. We must try to_____ (分析)the causes of the strike. 9. Kindness is one of the prime minister’s_____ (特征). 10. The famous Korean play actor got an_____ (熱情的) reception in Hong Kong.,答案：1. scientific 2. examined 3. defeated 4. exposed 5. reject 6. view 7. movement 8. analyse 9. characteristics 10. enthusiastic,Ⅱ. 用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空,1. Let’s _______ the problem together and figure out a way to solve it. 2. May I _______ your name _______ as a possible chairman of the committee? 3. _______ the cost，the dress doesn’t suit me． 4. The teacher tried many times, but the long sentence still could not _______ . 5. The highway _______ Shanghai _______ Beijing. 6. His careless driving _______ the serious traffic accident.,7. Can human beings live on the moon? It’s too early to _____ . 8. Don’t _____ your skin _____ the sun or you will be burned. 9. The babies _____ are well in the nursery. 10. The student _____ the teacher _____ his failure． 答案：1. look into 2.put; forward 3. Apart from 4. make sense 5. links; to 6. led to 7. draw a conclusion 8. expose; to 9. attended to 10. blamed; for Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. We needed much more _____ _____ (合格的工人). (qualify) 2. My friend is a _____ _____ (歸國(guó)的留學(xué)生). (return) 3. They decided to _____ _____ _____ _____ (更換使用的材料).(used) 4. Is there _____ _____（沒(méi)解決的問(wèn)題嗎）? (unanswer) 5. _____ _____ _____ _____ (幾乎沒(méi)有什么變化)here since I left this town. (change) 6. This is a _____ _____（國(guó)營(yíng)工廠）. (state-owned) 7. There is a _____ _____（新建的學(xué)校）near here. (newly-built),8. The playground _____ _____ _____ （看上去很荒涼）.(deserted) 9. The days _____ _____ （一去不復(fù)返）when people use foreign oil.(go) 10. He is a teacher _____ _____ _____ _____ (很受學(xué)生愛(ài)戴的).(love) 答案：1. qualified workers 2. returned student 3. change the material used 4. anything unanswered 5. There is nothing changed 6. state-owned factory 7. newly-built school 8. looked quite deserted 9. are gone 10. loved by his students Ⅳ. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 解析：選A?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的情況。sb. be to blame for sth.表示“某人因?yàn)槟呈略撌艿截?zé)備或者是某人的責(zé)任”。,2. —Who _____ the team from No. 2 Middle school? —I’m not sure. Perhaps the team from the nearby county. A. defeated B. won C. beaten D. gained 解析：選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。defeat，beat與win作“打敗”解時(shí)，beat與defeat的賓語(yǔ)是“人”；defeat的賓語(yǔ)常指“敵人”，在“游戲或比賽”中則用beat；win贏得，后面的賓語(yǔ)多用game，war，prize等詞，win賓語(yǔ)不能是人。gain獲得，賓語(yǔ)為經(jīng)驗(yàn)，力量，時(shí)間，知識(shí)等。 3. The doctor has _____ a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions. A. come about B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as 解析：選B?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)辨析。come about發(fā)生； put forward提出；speak up表示“大聲說(shuō)出”；regard as把……當(dāng)作。根據(jù)句意，此句應(yīng)表示“提出一個(gè)新的治療方案”，故選B。 4. The warm sunshine _____ the coming of spring. A. declares B. announces C. predicts D. publishes,解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。declare多指正式場(chǎng)合宣布官方的立場(chǎng)或態(tài)度，主語(yǔ)多為人或機(jī)構(gòu)；predict預(yù)測(cè)；publish指以口頭或印刷品的方式讓群眾知道，多指后者；announce除表示“宣布，宣告”之外，還可用于抽象意義，意思為“顯示，預(yù)示”，主語(yǔ)為事物。 5. You should read the _____ in the car repair manual（手冊(cè)） carefully before you start to. A. instruction B. instructions C. introductions D. explanations 解析：選B?？疾槊~辨析。表示說(shuō)明書(shū)時(shí)，instruction常用復(fù)數(shù)。introduction 介紹；explanation 解釋。 6. _____ a sentence before you can understand it correctly. A. Find B. Analyse C. Refer to D. Look up 解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞（組）辨析。find找到；analyse分析；refer to查閱，參考，談到，涉及；look up（在字典，電話簿中）查詢。句意為：在你正確理解一個(gè)句子之前，你首先對(duì)它做一下分析。,7. —Can you work out the problem? —I can’t _____ you explain how to do it. A. but for B. except C. apart from D. unless 解析：選D。but for，except，apart from后均不可接句子。unless是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故選D。 8. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t _____ to me. A. understand B. make out C. turn out D. make sense 解析：選D。句意為：不管我怎么努力讀它，這個(gè)句子我就是不明白。make sense講得通。 9. Your father likes to play golf; he’s really enthusiastic _____ it. A. by B. about C. with D. on 解析：選B。句意為：你父親喜歡打高爾夫球，他真的很熱衷于它。enthusiastic熱衷于，后面常接介詞about。 10. The last _____ of the play was very impressive. A. view B. sight C. scenery D. scene,解析：選D。考查名詞辨析。句意為：那出戲的最后場(chǎng)面非常令人感動(dòng)。 scenery指“風(fēng)景，景色”或“舞臺(tái)布景，道具布置”。 11. —Look! Everything here is under construction. —Oh, has the museum once _____ for exhibiting Nantong kites been pulled down, too? A. being build B. been built C. having been built D. built 解析：選C。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，該句的主語(yǔ)是the museum，謂語(yǔ)是has been pulled down。once for exhibiting Nantong kites，應(yīng)是定語(yǔ)部分，又由于build 與museum是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)為最佳選項(xiàng)。 12. It is _____ to travel by air than by water. A. a lot more excited B. much exciting C. a lot more exciting D. much more excited 解析：選C。exciting意為“令人興奮的”，主語(yǔ)多為物。excited意為“感到興奮的”，主語(yǔ)多為人，據(jù)此，本題應(yīng)用exciting。另外，由于是兩者間進(jìn)行比較，所以exciting應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式，并用a lot來(lái)修飾。,13. Only in this way _____ our goals. A. we can reach B. can we arrive C. we can arrive D. can we reach 解析：選D。only放在句首，句子要倒裝；reach one’s goals意為“達(dá)到目標(biāo)”。 14. The girl is similar _____ her mother in character. A. in B. with C. to D. on 解析：選C?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)的搭配。be similar to是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“與……相似”。句意為：這個(gè)女孩性格上跟她媽媽相似。 15. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 解析：選C。seat是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使……就坐”。“坐下”應(yīng)表示為“be seated=sit down=seat oneself”，故此處只能用seated作表語(yǔ)。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,