Unit1-9重點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理新目標(biāo)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)月考復(fù)習(xí)手冊(cè).doc

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1、新目標(biāo)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)2009年12月月考復(fù)習(xí)手冊(cè)Unit1-9重點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理Unit 1一：知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.Check in : 在旅館的登記入住。 Check out: 在旅館結(jié)賬離開(kāi)。2.By: 通過(guò).方式（途徑）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在.旁邊。例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在之前，到為止。例：by October在10月前 被 例：English is spoken by many people.3.how與what的區(qū)別： how通常對(duì)方式或程度提問(wèn)，意思有：怎么樣 如何，通常用

2、來(lái)做狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。 what通常對(duì)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問(wèn)，意思為 什么，通常做賓語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)。How is your summer holiday? Its OK.(how表示程度 做表語(yǔ))How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.4.aloud， loud ，loudly 均可做副詞。 aloud 出聲地 大聲地 多與read 、speak連用 例如：read aloud 朗讀 spe

3、ak aloud說(shuō)出聲來(lái) loud 大聲地 響亮地 loudly 高聲地 多指喧鬧聲和不悅耳的聲音。5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鳥(niǎo)鳴。 sound 指人可以聽(tīng)到的各種聲音。 noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲6. find + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ)（名詞 形容詞 介詞短語(yǔ) 分詞等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.We found him in bed. He found the window closed.7. 常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有： 是：am 、is、 are 保持：keep、 stay 轉(zhuǎn)變：become、 get、 tu

4、rn 起來(lái) feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound8. get + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ)（形容詞 過(guò)去分詞 動(dòng)詞不定式） 使某種情況發(fā)生例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干凈 Get Mr. Green to come. 讓格林先生進(jìn)來(lái)I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車(chē)You cant get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著9. 動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first

5、to come.與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.10. practice , fun 做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞 11. add 補(bǔ)充說(shuō) 又說(shuō)12. join 加入某團(tuán)體 并成為其中一員 attend 出席參加會(huì)議或講座 join in與take part in指參加到某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中去。13.all、 both、 always以及every復(fù)合詞與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為：all-

6、none, both-neither, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody.14.be afraid of害怕 be afraid to害怕 be afraid that恐怕?lián)?，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣15.either 放在否定句末表示“也” 兩者中的“任一”eitheror 或者或者.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按照就近原則處理plete完成，是個(gè)較正式的詞，后不能接動(dòng)名詞 finish指日常事物的完成17.a,an 與序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一”，“再一”。 例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl

7、.18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻煩，困難19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。 例：My baby sister doesnt cry unless shes hungry. =My baby sister doesnt cry if she isnt hungry.Unless you take more care, youll have an accident.如果你不多加小心的話，你會(huì)出事的。20.instead:adv

8、 代替，更換。 例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我們沒(méi)有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？Stuart was ill, so I went instead. 斯圖爾病了，所以換了我去。instead of 作為某人或某事物的替換例：Lets play cards instead of watching TV. Give me the red one instead of the green one.21.spoken 口頭的，口語(yǔ)的。 Speaking 講話的，說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言的。二，短語(yǔ)：1.by making flashcards 通過(guò)做單詞

9、抽認(rèn)卡 2. askfor help 向某人求助3.read aloud 朗讀 4.that way (=in that way) 通過(guò)那種方式5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的會(huì)話技巧 6.for example (=for instance)例如 7.have fun 玩得高興 8.have conversations with friends 與朋友對(duì)話9.get excited 高興，激動(dòng) 10.end up speaking in Chinese 以說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)結(jié)束對(duì)話11.do a survey about 做有關(guān)的調(diào)查 12.keep an Englis

10、h notebook 記英語(yǔ)筆記13.spoken English (= oral English) 英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ) 14.make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤15.get the pronunciation right 使發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確 16.practise speaking English 練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ) 17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以開(kāi)始 19.later on 隨后 20.in class在課堂上 21.laught at 嘲笑 22.take notes 記筆記 23.enjoy doing 喜歡干 24.write down 寫(xiě)下，記下25.look up (

11、v + adv) 查找，查詢 26.native speakers 說(shuō)本族話的人27.make up 編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮 28.around the world 全世界29.deal with 對(duì)待，處理，解決 30.worry about (be worried about) 擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂31.be angry with 生某人的氣 32.stay angry 生氣33.go by 消逝 34. regardas 把當(dāng)做plain about/of 抱怨 36. changeinto 把變成 （= turn into）37.with the help of 在的幫助下 38. compar

12、eto (with) 把和作比較39.think of (think about) 想起，想到 40.physical problems身體上的問(wèn)題41.break off 中斷，突然終止 42. notat all 根本不，全然不三，句子1. How do you study for a test? 你怎樣為考試做準(zhǔn)備？2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那種方法，我已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多東西。3.Its too hard to understand the voice. 聽(tīng)懂那些聲音太難了。4.Memorizing the words of pop songs a

13、lso helped a little.記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。5. Wei Ming feels differently. 衛(wèi)明有不同的感受。6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他覺(jué)得看電影讓人感到沮喪.7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又說(shuō)和朋友對(duì)話根本沒(méi)用。8.I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我沒(méi)有搭檔一起練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。9.Later on, I realized th

14、at it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word.隨后，我認(rèn)識(shí)到聽(tīng)不懂每個(gè)詞并沒(méi)有關(guān)系。10.Its amazing how much this helped. 我驚異于這些方法竟如此有用。11.My teacher is very impressed. 給老師留下了深刻的印象。12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很難造出完整的句子。13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么？14.Most people speak English as

15、a second language. 英語(yǔ)對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)是第二語(yǔ)言。15.How do we deal with our problem? 我們?cè)鯓犹幚砦覀兊膯?wèn)題？16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老師的幫助下盡我們最大的努力來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)是我們的責(zé)任。He cant walk or even speak.他無(wú)法走路，甚至無(wú)法說(shuō)話Unit 2一. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. used to 過(guò)去常常做某事,暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不存在的

16、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài). 后跟動(dòng)詞原形.否定形式為: didnt use to 或 usednt to 疑問(wèn)形式為: Diduse to? 或 Usedto?be/get used to 習(xí)慣于, to 為介詞.2. wear 表示狀態(tài). put on 表示動(dòng)作. dress + 人 給某人穿衣服.3. on the swim team on 是的成員,在供職.4. Dont you remember me? 否定疑問(wèn)句. Yes, I do. 不, 我記得. No, I dont 是的, 我不記得了.5. 反意疑問(wèn)句: 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為 this, that, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it; 陳述部分主語(yǔ)用 th

17、ese, those, 疑問(wèn)部分用they 做主語(yǔ).例: This is a new story, isnt it? Those are your parents, arent they? 陳述部分是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu), 疑問(wèn)部分仍用 there例: There was a man named Paul, wasnt there? I am 后的疑問(wèn)句, 用arent I 例: I am in Class 2, arent I? 陳述部分與含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用肯定.

18、例: Few people liked this movie, didnt they?但陳述句中若帶有否定前綴或后綴的單詞時(shí), 這個(gè)句子仍視為肯定, 后面仍用否定.例: Your sister is unhappy, isnt she? 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)若為不定式或 V-ing 短語(yǔ), 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it.例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isnt it? 陳述句中主語(yǔ)是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用they做主語(yǔ); 若陳述部分主語(yǔ)是 somethin

19、g, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問(wèn)部分用it 做主語(yǔ).例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they? Everything seems perfect, doesnt it? 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)I時(shí), 若謂動(dòng)為think, believe, guess 等詞時(shí), 且其后跟賓叢,這時(shí)疑問(wèn)句部分的人稱(chēng), 時(shí)態(tài)要與賓語(yǔ)從句保持一致, 同時(shí)還要考慮否定轉(zhuǎn)移.例: I dont think he can finish the work in time, can he? 前面是祈使句, 后用

20、will you? (lets 開(kāi)頭時(shí), 后用shall we?)6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.7. miss: 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days. 錯(cuò)過(guò), 未中, 未趕上, 未找到. 例: Its a pity that you miss the bus.8. no more (用在句中)=notany more (用在句尾) 指次數(shù); no longer (用在句中)=notany longer (用在句尾) 指時(shí)間.9. right: adj. 正確的, 對(duì)的, 右邊的 n. 右方, 權(quán)利 adv

21、. 直接地.10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.例: Can you afford a new car? The film couldnt afford to pay such large salaries.12. as well as 連詞, 不但而且 強(qiáng)調(diào)前者. (若引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ), 謂動(dòng)與前者在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上一致例: Living things need a

22、ir and light as well as water. 生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽(yáng)光.13. alone = by oneself 獨(dú)自一人. lonely 孤獨(dú)的, 寂寞的.14. in the last/past + 一段時(shí)間 during the last/past + 一段時(shí)間 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用.15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的) 二. 短語(yǔ)1. be more interested in 對(duì)更感興趣.2. on the swim team 游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員.3. be terrified of 害怕.4. gym c

23、lass 體操課.5. worry about. 擔(dān)心.6. all the time 一直, 總是7. chat with 與閑聊8. hardly ever 幾乎從不 9. walk to school = go to school on foot take the bus to school = go to school by bus 10. as well as 不僅而且 11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩12. make a decision 做出決定 13. to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是14. take pride in 為感到驕傲 15. pa

24、y attention to 留心, 注意16. consist of 由組成/構(gòu)成. be made up of 由組成/構(gòu)成.17. instead of 代替, 而不是 18. in the end 最后, 終于19. play the piano 彈鋼琴 三.句子1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開(kāi)著臥室的燈睡覺(jué).3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常?；?/p>

25、很多時(shí)間和我的朋友們玩游戲.4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì).5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.6.It will make you stressed out. 那會(huì)使你緊張的.7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎變化很大.Unit 3一.知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式: be的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式+v-ed含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的: can/may/must/should be + v-ed2.get/have + n

26、./pron. + v-ed 叫/讓/請(qǐng)別人做某事(即使謀事被做)例: I want to get my coat mended. 我要縫衣服.3.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做 allow doing sth 允許做4.drive : 駕車(chē),駕駛. 驅(qū)趕,驅(qū)使.例: What drives them to rob the shop? 什么驅(qū)使他們?nèi)屔痰?5.stupid silly foolish 三個(gè)詞都有“蠢”的意思.但略有不同.stupid 程度最強(qiáng),指智力 理解力 學(xué)習(xí)能力差. silly 指頭腦簡(jiǎn)單,傻頭傻腦,使人覺(jué)得可笑,帶有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在

27、口語(yǔ)中廣泛使用.例: He is stupid in learning math. 他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨. Stop asking such silly questions. 別再問(wèn)這樣傻的問(wèn)題了. You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢,丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì).6.He doesnt seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesnt have many friends.=He seems not to have many friends.7.倒裝句: So + be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)

28、動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)(前為肯定局) 表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致. Neither/Nor + be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致. 例: He likes oranges. So do we. He doesnt like oranges. Neither do we.Tom can swim. So can John. Tom cant swim. Neither can John.So +主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表示對(duì)前面事實(shí)的進(jìn)一步確認(rèn).例: Henry is very tired. So he is.(的確是) He surfed Internet fo

29、r two hours. So he did.(的確是) They will win the game. So they will.(他們會(huì)的)8.until 用于肯定句中,前面句子中的謂動(dòng)必須是延續(xù)性的.9.clean (v.) 打掃,清理 clean up 比較徹底地打掃,清理 clean out 打掃,清理地最徹底.10.fail a test = fail in a test 考試不及格11.be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in

30、the work.12.the other day 前幾天,不久前的一天.(用于過(guò)去時(shí))13.concentrate on 全神貫注做例: This company concentrates on China market. 這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)上.14. morethan與其說(shuō)不如說(shuō); 比更例: The man is more stupid than nervous.與其說(shuō)那人緊張,倒不如說(shuō)他愚蠢.在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做adj. 修飾名詞,表示“比多”例:I have more books than you. 我的書(shū)比你的多.15.volunteer n. 自愿者. v. volun

31、teer to do sth. 自愿做例: We all volunteered to help in the old peoples home.我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙. 16.chance 指僥幸的,偶爾的機(jī)會(huì),還可表示“可能性”opportunity 指有利的時(shí)機(jī),良機(jī). 二者有時(shí)可以互換.Have an opportunity to do sth 有做的機(jī)會(huì).Dont be too frustrated. Youll have another opportunity to go to college next year. 別太沮喪了,你還有上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì).17. experience :

32、可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)” 例: Please tell us something about your experiences.不可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)驗(yàn)” 例: He is a man of rich experience.動(dòng)詞“經(jīng)歷” 例: She experienced lots of suffering.18. off 不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.19. reply

33、與 answer 兩者有時(shí)可通用. reply比answer正式,一般指經(jīng)過(guò)思考的.有針對(duì)性的,詳細(xì)的回答,往往與to連用.answer是一般用語(yǔ),可直接帶賓語(yǔ).另外answer還有“應(yīng)答”之意.如answer the door/telephone20. get in the way (of). 妨礙.例: He never gets in others way. 他從不妨礙別人. The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車(chē)放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的.21. success (n.) successful (adj.) succee

34、d (v.)22. do does did 用在另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào). 例: He does speak well. 他真的講的很好. Do be quiet. 務(wù)必安靜.23. in the end = finally = at last 最后.24. importance (n.) important (adj.)25. be serious about 對(duì)熱忠/極感興趣. 例: Im serious about the problem. To tell you the truth, Im not serious about math at all.26. only 處于句首,并后跟狀語(yǔ)時(shí)

35、,全句需要倒裝.例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時(shí),他才明白. Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好. Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當(dāng)她到家時(shí),他才得知了這消息.27. care about 關(guān)心,在乎,在意. 例: No one cares about others nowadays. 現(xiàn)在沒(méi)人關(guān)心別人. I dont care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么.28. clo

36、thes 統(tǒng)指身上穿的各種服裝,包括上衣,褲子,內(nèi)衣等,做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按復(fù)數(shù)處理. clothing 不可數(shù)名詞,是服裝的總稱(chēng),包括各種衣服,帽子,鞋襪等.做主語(yǔ)謂動(dòng)按單三處理. cloth 布料.二.短語(yǔ)1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干 allow sb to do sth 允許某人干 allow doing sth 允許干2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲的孩子3. part-time jobs 兼職工作 4. a drivers license 駕照5. on weekends 在

37、周末 6. at that age 在那個(gè)年齡段7. on school nights 在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上 8. stay up 熬夜9. clean up (相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞) 清掃 10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格11. take the test 參加考試 12. the other day 前幾天13. all my classmates 我所有的同學(xué) 14. concentrate on 全神貫注于15. be good for 對(duì)有益 16. in groups 成群的,按組的17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) 18. learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí)

38、19. at present 目前,現(xiàn)在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做的機(jī)會(huì) 21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典 22. at least 至少 23.eight hours sleep a night 每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠24. an old peoples home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干26. primary schools 小學(xué) 27. haveoff 放假,休息28. reply to 回答,答復(fù) 29. get in the way of 妨礙30. a profe

39、ssional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員 31. achieve ones dreams 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想32. think about 思考,考慮 33. in the end 最后,終于34. be serious about 對(duì)熱忠/極感興趣35. spendon + n. spend (in) + v-ing 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢(qián)36. care about 關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,在乎 37. agree with 同意三.句子1. I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許12歲

40、的孩子穿耳孔.2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業(yè).3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點(diǎn).4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類(lèi)事情.5.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了?6.The two pairs of jeans b

41、oth look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想.10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 應(yīng)該允許他們對(duì)業(yè)余愛(ài)好想練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間.11.We have

42、nothing against running. 我們沒(méi)有理由反對(duì)他跑步.Unit 4一、知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1、give sb sth=give sth to sb類(lèi)似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、write、send等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb類(lèi)似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等2、hundred 、thousand、mi11ion與數(shù)字連用不能用復(fù)數(shù)。hundreds of、thousands of、mi11ions of中必須用復(fù)數(shù)。3、look for尋找find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find out指經(jīng)過(guò)觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover 指發(fā)現(xiàn)那

43、些客觀存在而不為人所知的實(shí)情。如科學(xué)上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。4、bring 帶來(lái) take 帶走 fetch 去并拿來(lái)5、talk to/with sb 同說(shuō)話。tell 告訴, 分辨，辨別。speak to sb 同說(shuō)話，做及物動(dòng)詞，后跟語(yǔ)言。say 后跟名詞、代詞及賓語(yǔ)從句做賓語(yǔ)，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容。6、What if 如果將會(huì)怎么樣？（引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句、疑問(wèn)句）eg What if she doesnt come? 她要是不來(lái)怎么辦？ What if your parent dont agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么辦？What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么

44、辦？7、before 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子，為連詞。后跟短語(yǔ)或名詞等，則為介詞。8、food 表示食品種類(lèi)，一種食物時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞eg fried foods 油炸食品 break foods 早餐食品 frozen foods 冷凍食品9、復(fù)數(shù)名詞可表示一類(lèi)食品（如 dogs） a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞可表示一類(lèi)（如 a dog）10、confident(adj.) confidence(n.) 11、What does/do look like? 問(wèn)相貌。Whats like? 問(wèn)“品質(zhì)性格”。12、 give a speech 做演講 have a speech聽(tīng)演講 give a report

45、做報(bào)告have a report 聽(tīng)報(bào)告13、permission (n.) 允許，許可 permit (v.) 允許14、plenty of 充足的，相當(dāng)多的。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑問(wèn)句中用 enough.15、notin the slightest=notat all 根本不16、company 公司 一群人，一伙人 陪伴17、get along (with)=get on (with) 進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展 eg The business is getting along very well. 生意進(jìn)展的很順利。 How are you getting along with

46、 your English study? 你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了？相處 eg Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得來(lái)嗎？Im getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。18、would rather than （= would rather than）寧愿，而不愿。前后連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式為：would rather not do sthwould rather than = prefer to 但prefer

47、 to 若連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為v-ing 形式。eg He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football. would rather 常單獨(dú)使用，表示“寧愿做”eg He would rather watch TV at home.rather than = instead of 而不是連接兩個(gè)并列成分，前后對(duì)稱(chēng)。eg Id prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter. I decided to write rather than te

48、lephone. I like going out with you rather than with him. She enjoys listening rather than speaking.19、today、here、there、downstairs、upstairs、above、below做賓語(yǔ)修飾名詞，放在名詞之后 eg the weather today今天的天氣 people here這里的人們the man downstairs樓下的那個(gè)男的 the passage below 下面的這段話20、a little = a bit 修飾形容詞、副詞 a little = a b

49、it of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞21、There is an English speech contest next month 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，表示計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作，或者日歷、時(shí)刻表的規(guī)定內(nèi)容。22、the rest 其余的，可指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。The other(s) 只能指代可數(shù)名詞23、come up with 提出或提出（答案、方法）等。類(lèi)似于think of.eg How would you come up with this idea? 你怎樣想出這個(gè)注意的？My brother is a person who often comes up with good idea.我

50、弟弟是個(gè)常常能想出好點(diǎn)子的人24、offer 提供 offer sb sth 給 offer to sb sth 主動(dòng)提出干二、短語(yǔ)1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu) 2、medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究3、What if 如果怎么樣？ 4、get nervous 緊張5、take a big exam 參加大考 6、help with 有助于7、in public 在公共場(chǎng)合 8、hardly ever 幾乎不9、the whole school 全校 10、without permission 為經(jīng)許可11、be(make) friends with 與交

51、朋友 12、ask ones permission 請(qǐng)求的允許13、introduceto 把介紹給 14、inviteto do 邀請(qǐng)干15、social situations 社會(huì)環(huán)境 16、not in the slightest 根本不，一點(diǎn)也不 17、right away 立刻，馬上 18、all day 全天19、be friendly to 對(duì)友好 20、at lunch time 在午飯時(shí)間21、a bit shy 有點(diǎn)害羞 22、English speech contest 英語(yǔ)演講比賽23、represent the class 代表班級(jí) 24、come top 名列第一（

52、前茅）25、let down 使失望 26、come up with 提出、想出27、be sure of + n./pron. 28、the rest of the students 其余的學(xué)生 be sure to do 相信 29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth be sure +that 從句 在做某事方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)30、deal with 對(duì)付，處理 31、come out 出版32、give advice on 在方面提出意見(jiàn)、建議 33、by accident 偶然地，無(wú)意之中34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干 35、an

53、 internet friend 網(wǎng)友三、句子1、He doesnt know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否該帶禮物。2、You shouldnt worry about what other people say.你不應(yīng)該考慮別人說(shuō)什么。3、What will you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百萬(wàn)美元，你會(huì)干什么？4、If I were you, I d take a small present.如果我是你，我會(huì)帶一個(gè)小禮物。5、Im too tired to do well.我太累了，沒(méi)考好。6

54、、Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗會(huì)帶來(lái)很多麻煩。7、What are you like? 你是什么樣的人？8、Id invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他（她）到我家吃飯。9、You enjoy the company of other people.你喜歡別人的陪伴。10、I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在眾人面前講話時(shí)感到緊張。11、She always comes top in the school exams.她在學(xué)校的考試中總是名列前茅

55、。12、She doesnt want to let her friends down.她不愿讓朋友失望。13、If I were you, Ill get out of here.如果我是你，我會(huì)離開(kāi)這里。 虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、詞的語(yǔ)氣指我們平常說(shuō)的說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話的口氣。（在英語(yǔ)中，語(yǔ)氣除了指語(yǔ)調(diào)以外，最主要的是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同語(yǔ)氣）英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣分為三類(lèi)：陳述語(yǔ)氣（用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、感嘆句）祈使語(yǔ)氣（用于祈使句） 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句等）二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想，就用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法1、真

56、實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句與非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句eg If he doesnt hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ))If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)）If I were you, I would go at once.（非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句）If there was no air, people would die.（非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句）2、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法及動(dòng)詞形式 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況（條件）從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式（be用were）should

57、/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形 eg：If I were you, Id take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會(huì)帶把傘。（事實(shí)：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的電話號(hào)碼，我就會(huì)告訴你。（事實(shí)：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果沒(méi)有水和空氣，地球上就不會(huì)有生物。(事實(shí)：地球上既有空氣也有水) If I had any money with me,

58、 I could lend you some.如果我?guī)уX(qián)了，我就會(huì)借給你些。（事實(shí)：沒(méi)帶錢(qián)） If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通過(guò)考試了。（事實(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)不用功） 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式Had+過(guò)去分詞Should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那兒，我就會(huì)見(jiàn)到她。（事實(shí)：去晚了） If he had taken my advice, h

59、e would not have made such a mistake.如果他聽(tīng)我的勸告的話，就不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。（事實(shí)：沒(méi)有聽(tīng)我的話） 表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的主觀推測(cè)（可能相反或可能性很?。木淅渲骶?wereIf+主語(yǔ) didwere to do (通常與一個(gè)表示時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)其 中were to do可能性最小，should+動(dòng)詞原形。 If it rained tomorrow our picnic would be put off.萬(wàn)一那天下雨，我們的郊游就推遲。 should/would do 主句 might /could eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天來(lái)這兒的話，我就跟他談?wù)劇＃ㄊ聦?shí)：來(lái)