中考英語 第三輪 中考題型實(shí)戰(zhàn) 第45講 書面表達(dá)試題1

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第45講　書面表達(dá) (2016，蘭州) 同學(xué)們，初中生活即將結(jié)束。本次考試后，盼望已久的假期就要到來！請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，制訂出度假計(jì)劃?？梢越Y(jié)合自己的實(shí)際發(fā)揮。 寫作內(nèi)容：1.和家長(zhǎng)/同學(xué)一起旅游，享受大自然的美景，放松心情；2.參加志愿者活動(dòng)，幫家長(zhǎng)做家務(wù)；3.讀自己喜歡的書。4.遠(yuǎn)離有危險(xiǎn)的地方。 寫作要求：1.80詞左右，開頭部分已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．內(nèi)容合理；要點(diǎn)齊全；句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)正確、連貫，書寫規(guī)范； 3．不得出現(xiàn)校名和自己的姓名等個(gè)人信息。 My junior high school years are coming to an end.The summer holiday is on the way.Here are my plans for the long exciting holidays. First of all，Id like to travel with my parents or friends to relax myself.I will enjoy the beauty of the nature.After that，I will take possible chances to be a volunteer to do something helpful to people.At home，I will help my parents to do some housework that I can do.At the same time，I will read the books that I am interested in，and get ready for further study in senior high school.No matter what I do and where I go，I will get away from the places that are not safe. In short，Im looking forward to spending a happy summer holiday. 書面表達(dá)題主要考查學(xué)生在特定的語境中綜合運(yùn)用語言進(jìn)行表達(dá)的能力；同時(shí)，還考查學(xué)生英文書寫的規(guī)范性、美觀性等。 一、常見的書面表達(dá)題型 1．根據(jù)文體歸類：日記、書信、通知、便條、啟事、賀卡、發(fā)言稿、調(diào)查報(bào)告、記敘文、說明文及議論文等。然而許多試題都將記敘、議論、說明等表達(dá)方式融為一體，形成復(fù)合型的寫作。 2．根據(jù)所提供的材料形式歸類：圖畫作文、圖表作文、提綱作文及命題作文等。這樣的測(cè)試形式既有一定的控制性，又有一定的開放性，為考生展示其寫作能力提供了發(fā)揮的空間。 二、如何寫出優(yōu)美的文章 1．選準(zhǔn)詞語。 ①語言是交流的工具。要使用通用的、合乎習(xí)慣的詞語，切忌使用生僻的詞匯。 ②選詞要達(dá)意，英語中有許多同義但用法不同的詞匯或短語，切忌混淆用法。 ③用詞要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，在不確定的情況下，寧可用常用詞簡(jiǎn)單明了地表達(dá)信息。 2．寫好句子。 ①運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯、短語，結(jié)合一定的語法知識(shí)，按照句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，直接用英語寫出相應(yīng)的句子。 ②運(yùn)用固定句式表達(dá)信息，把比較復(fù)雜的句子分成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句子，減少寫錯(cuò)句的幾率。 ③把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句用一個(gè)復(fù)合句或較復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)出來，這樣可提高文章的可讀性，但在沒有把握的情況下慎用。 ④遇見生詞或不熟悉的表達(dá)時(shí)，可以在保持原意的基礎(chǔ)上，用不同的表達(dá)方式寫出來。 3．設(shè)計(jì)段落。 一個(gè)完整的段落要有主題句、拓展句及結(jié)尾句。正確運(yùn)用連接詞使語言銜接自然、行文流暢。 4．書寫規(guī)范、卷面整潔。 三、如何提升寫作 1．熟悉五種基本句式及一些使用頻率較高的句式。 2．收集優(yōu)秀范文并大聲朗讀來擴(kuò)展思路及培養(yǎng)語感。 3．堅(jiān)持常規(guī)練習(xí)。即：詞——詞組——句子——段落——篇章。切記：簡(jiǎn)單句是主菜，要做到運(yùn)用自如；復(fù)雜句是佐料，有之增色，缺之乏味，但不可舍本逐末，以免弄巧成拙。 4．仔細(xì)審題，要點(diǎn)齊全，人稱及時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用正確。 【例1】 假設(shè)你和朋友將在今年暑假參加以“擁抱大自然”為主題的戶外拓展夏令營(yíng)，其中包括小組自由活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你為你們小組設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)活動(dòng)方案。(2016，襄陽模擬) 提示詞語：climb mountains；go fishing；pick fruits；have a campfire (篝火晚會(huì)) 要求：1.寫明你們組計(jì)劃要做的具體活動(dòng)，并給出理由； 2．提示詞語僅供參考，可增減內(nèi)容； 3．詞數(shù)80～100。開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 4．文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名與地名。 We are going for a camp this summer.Im glad to make a plan for our group.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 解析：第一步：認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地閱讀提示，思考所提供的信息，計(jì)劃文章大致內(nèi)容。第二步：根據(jù)信息要求遣詞造句，連句成文。第三步：通讀全文，糾正錯(cuò)誤，書寫整潔。要涵蓋的寫作要點(diǎn)有：1.具體的活動(dòng)要豐富多彩；2.寫出安排這些活動(dòng)的理由。 注意：此文是計(jì)劃打算，應(yīng)用將來時(shí)態(tài)。切忌寫成流水賬。 【參考范文】 We_are_going_for_a_camp_this_summer.Im_glad_to_make_a_plan_for_our_group. First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.After that，well have a fruitpicking competition between boys and girls，which will help us know each other better.Whats more，there will be a campfire.We can enjoy ourselves by singing，dancing and telling stories.Wont it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends? We are looking forward to the summer camp because we can forget the busy work at school，and I believe well have a wonderful time together. 精彩再現(xiàn)： ①文章內(nèi)容完整，敘述清楚，要點(diǎn)一目了然。 ②使用了first of all，after that，whats more表順序的副詞來使文章條理更清晰，更流暢。 ③經(jīng)典句型：?we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.?Wont it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends？?I believe well have a wonderful time together. 【例2】 由于父母的溺愛，現(xiàn)在許多孩子基本不做學(xué)習(xí)以外的事情，導(dǎo)致獨(dú)立生活能力不強(qiáng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面表格中的內(nèi)容，按要求用英語寫一篇短文，談?wù)勛鳛橹袑W(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該如何培養(yǎng)自己的獨(dú)立性。 Ways Things we can do begin with our own things clean our own rooms，... help with housework cook，... learn actively learn by ourselves，... think about things by ourselves ... 要求：1.語句通順，意思連貫，語法正確，書寫規(guī)范； 2．必須包括表格中所有內(nèi)容，并做適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 3．行文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)人名、校名或地名； 4．詞數(shù)70左右。(短文的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)) 注意：須把已給出的短文開頭和結(jié)尾抄到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。 As middle school students，its very important for us to be independent.What should we do to make us independent？First，________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ I think if we keep on doing these，well become more and more independent. 解析：第一步：認(rèn)真閱讀題目要求，仔細(xì)觀察表格中的內(nèi)容。第二步：根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容，把握好文章的中心，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。選用合適的表順序的副詞使文章條理清晰。第三步：通讀全文，檢查要點(diǎn)是否遺漏，糾正錯(cuò)誤，書寫要整潔。 注意：表達(dá)培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立性的方法時(shí)，多用祈使句；描述可以做的事情時(shí)，可用到can，should，need等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；寫作時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱采用第一人稱，給出的要點(diǎn)不能遺漏，并且注意詞數(shù)要求。 【參考范文】 As_middle_school_students，its_very_important_for_us_to_be_independent.What_should_we_do_to_make_us_independent？First，lets begin with our own things.Its our job to clean our own rooms and make our beds.Second，help with housework.We can help cook or clean the house in our free time.Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves.Third，learn actively.We should learn by ourselves and finish our homework on time.Finally，think about things by ourselves.We sometimes need to make plans or decisions alone.Dont always depend on others. I_think_if_we_keep_on_doing_these，well_become_more_and_more_independent. 精彩再現(xiàn)： ①整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整，內(nèi)容詳盡，要點(diǎn)明確。 ②層次清晰。先表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，后用first，second，third，finally等表順序的副詞把觀點(diǎn)一一陳列，清楚明了，條理分明。 ③經(jīng)典句型：?Its our job to...?Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves.?Dont always depend on others. (2015，蘭州) 同學(xué)們，在剛才的閱讀中我們了解到一些有關(guān)西方飲食文化的有趣知識(shí)?，F(xiàn)在某國(guó)外旅游雜志向你約稿，請(qǐng)你以When_in_China,_do_as_the_Chinese_do！為題寫一篇文章，向西方讀者介紹我們中國(guó)的飲食文化。以下是此雜志社發(fā)來的稿件要求，請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀，完成寫作。 ☆Length (詞數(shù)) : About 80 words. ☆Content (內(nèi)容): Please try to answer at least 4 of these questions from our readers. ☆A(yù)re meals in China the same as meals in the West? ☆What time are lunch and dinner served in China? ☆How to eat food? ☆How to behave politely while eating with the old? ☆How do we know that a meal is over in China? ☆I(lǐng)s it a good idea to talk about food during a meal? ☆Will there be just three courses or more in China? 要求：內(nèi)容合理；要點(diǎn)齊全；句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確、連貫；書寫規(guī)范。 When in China，do as the Chinese do! As we know，Chinese eating culture is different from that in the west.The meals we eat in China are not the same as the meals in the west.We often have lunch at about 12 oclock and have dinner at about 6：00 pm or later.In China，we eat meals with chopsticks and spoons instead of the knives and forks in the west.Talking about food during a meal is a good idea.If there is an old man with us while eating，we should invite him to sit down on the most important seat at first.Its also polite to offer him the best food.Whats more，Chinese have a saying about eating habit “Eat nice things for breakfast，eat a big meal for lunch，but eat less at dinner.”Dont you think so?