新目標(biāo)九年級英語 專題復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空

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1、 新目標(biāo)九年級英語 專題復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空 新目標(biāo)九年級英語 專題復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空 【考點掃描】 “完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、動詞時態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。 “完形填空”題要求填入的詞主要有： 1. 語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞等。 2. 具有語法變化的普通詞，如動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容詞和副詞的級等。 3. 固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。 4. 同義詞、近義

2、詞等易混淆詞。 5. 根據(jù)上、下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。 可見，完形填空是一種綜合性較強(qiáng)的題型。它的突出特點是起點高、容量大。同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實的語言基本功、較好的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能適應(yīng)這一題型。 一、中考英語完形填空題的常設(shè)考點 由于完形填空題以考查文意為主，注重考查考生的邏輯判斷能力，所以完形填空題的常設(shè)考點主要集中在： 1.注重對實詞的考查，特別是對動詞、動詞短語、名詞、形容詞、副詞等的考查； 2.注重在具體的語境中考查詞語(特別是名詞、形容詞)的用法； 3.對連詞進(jìn)行考查，考查考生對行文邏輯的掌握及對關(guān)聯(lián)詞的正確運用。 完形填空題與單項填空題有著本質(zhì)上

3、的區(qū)別：單項填空題側(cè)重于對語法知識的考查，而完形填空題則側(cè)重于對語用能力的考查，它更注重對語篇的理解，而不是對單個句子的理解。要想做好完形填空題必須始終注意對文章的理解和注意上下文的呼應(yīng)，這是完形填空題的做題原則。絕大多數(shù)完形填空題，只看單個的句子，有時所提供的四個選項從語法角度來看都講得通，但是在具體的語篇中只能有一個正確答案。因此，看一空做一空的做法是不可取的，必須從語篇的角度來考慮所選答案。做題時一定要聯(lián)系上下文，從字里行間尋找隱藏信息，同時要善于根據(jù)四個選項的設(shè)置特點來進(jìn)行選擇： 1.所給選項是不同的名詞，則要根據(jù)上下文的意思來判斷要用哪一個名詞的什么形式或者是否涉及固定搭配等來考慮

4、； 2. 所給選項是形容詞、副詞，則要根據(jù)上下文的意思或者其在句中的作用來確定，形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動詞和形容詞； 3.所給選項是同一動詞的不同形式，則要考慮空白處要求用什么時態(tài)、語態(tài)或哪種非謂語動詞形式； 4. 所給選項是不同的動詞，考查的是語境中動詞的用法及意義，這時要從上下文來判斷或者從固定搭配方面來考慮； 5. 所給選項是連詞，可以從上下文的意思、連詞的用法(含義)以及習(xí)慣搭配入手進(jìn)行選擇，and表并列，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，because, so, therefore表因果，though, although表讓步； 6. 所給選項是代詞，則要從上下文的指代關(guān)系以及代詞的用法

5、來考慮。 完形填空的解題方法 1. 事實先決 完形填空選項常從不同層次設(shè)置, 形成梯次，無對錯之分， 只有程度不同。事實先決的作用是按程度將事實排隊，選出第一事實加以確認(rèn)。 例1: And there on a well-made bed sat Amy, my new , dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【題解】選項A`roommate?指`同住宿舍一室的人?。 作者并非在教室等處首次遇到Amy, 故排除掉選項B `classmate’;

6、也并非在宿舍樓道等處首次遇到Amy, 故排除掉 選項C`neighbor’, 至于選項 D`companion(伙伴), 在邏輯順序上, 應(yīng)先有 classmate, 后有companion。 例2: Finally I turned the key in the lock and the door open, with Dad still complaining(抱怨) about a hurting knee or something. A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried 一般動作邏輯是:turn the key

7、→ open the door →push the door open force the door open 例a success. A. sisters B. friends C. students D. fellows 【題解】 選項A`sisters?指法律承認(rèn)的姐妹關(guān)系; 選項C`students?指經(jīng)過學(xué)校錄取成為學(xué)生, 不合文意。 選項D`fellows’指`同伴’, `Amy and I would be friends’ 中的`be’, 相當(dāng)于`become’, 若與`fellows’連用, 顯然不合乎邏輯。 2. 事實后決 所謂 事實后決

8、 是指在選項中出現(xiàn)懸而難決的情形, 答案選項有可能是不曾知曉的表達(dá), 考生面對類似情形可用`事實后決`的方法解題, 即過濾掉明顯不合文意的選項, 最后決定答案項。`事實后決?與`排除法?接近。 例如：But , would there be a chair in Room 316? A. in fact B. by chance C. once more D. then again 【題解】(1) but then again 這一表達(dá)并未出現(xiàn)在考綱詞匯表或中學(xué)教科書中?？忌鎸︻愃魄樾慰捎胉排除法?解題, 即過濾掉明顯不合文意的選

9、項。就此題來說, 選項A =actually, 意為 `事實上; 選項B意為`偶然?; 選項C 意為`再次, 分別代入, 會發(fā)現(xiàn)與文意相去甚遠(yuǎn), 故排除。 (2) `but then again? 為一表達(dá)法, 意思是`although something is true, something else is also true which makes the first thing seem less important.? 例: I don?t spend much, but then again I don?t go out much. He?s clumsy(笨手笨腳的),

10、 but then again, he’s always willing to help. →`but then again’相當(dāng)于中文的`可是話又說回來’。 3. 反比否定 反比否定是指從選項相反意思的假設(shè)入手去印證該選項正確與否。 Finally I turned the key in the lock and the door open, with Dad still complaining(抱怨) about a hurting knee or something. A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried

11、 選項A、B含`把門用力弄開’, 意指門原本被牢牢關(guān)閉, 不易打開。在上下文無 特別交待的情形下, `knock/force’意指平時門都要在`強(qiáng)力’的作用下才能打開, 一般的`open/push’是打不開的, 這當(dāng)然有悖事理。若選用`try the door open’, 則意指平時門都要像首次打開如地宮之門那樣才能打開。 4. 同比排除 所謂同比排除是指從選項設(shè)置有可能存在相同性與答案則只能具有唯一性這一矛盾入手, 排除意同或類別同的選項。此一命題現(xiàn)象在完形填空中多有出現(xiàn)。 例1: But to m , the room wasn’t empty at all! It

12、 had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the walls. A. regret B. disappointment C. surprise D. knowledge 【題解】(1) 選項A`regret’意指`使某人感到遺撼的是’與選項B`disappointment’意指 `使某人感到失望的是’在干擾角度上相同, 可一并排除。 (2) 作者打開房門后所看到的情形完全出乎意料, 故選用C`surprise’。 例2:Greeting me with a nod, she said in a sof

13、t voice, “Hi, you must be Cori.” Then, she A. turned on B. turned down C. played D. enjoyed 【題解】(1) 通過下文Amy邀請作者的父親喝冰茶 “Would you like a glass of iced tea?”可以斷定Amy是一位有禮貌的姑娘。與此相聯(lián)系的動作應(yīng)是`turn down the music(把音樂的聲音關(guān)小)。(2) 選項A、D、C在干擾角度上相近。 二、做此類題型時需要把握兩個原則： (1). 任何閱讀類題型都有一個共同的特點：看的遍數(shù)

14、越多，對文章的把握就越到位。所以，文章最少要看兩遍。 (2). 必須在原文中明確找出支持你做出選擇的句子或者段落。這樣做的好處是：可以避免僅僅憑感覺，而做出違背作者意圖或者故事發(fā)展的選項。如果找不到具體的句子或段落佐證選擇的話，那么選項也要符合文章的主旨大意、故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展。 完形填空的第一句一般是不留空的，并且第一句話很關(guān)鍵。在快速閱讀時要抓住全文或者段落的第一句或最后一句，它們往往是全文活全段的主題句，通過它們可以知道文章的題材、大意、時間、人物、事件等。另外在閱讀中要對其中 的時間詞、動詞加以注意。 1、文意型：context (上下文、語境) logic (邏輯) 2、r

15、egular collocation(固定搭配) 3、grammar analysis(語法分析) 4、meaning of words (詞義) 三、分類題型 1. 文意型 ①empty seats. man pushed him back to his seat. “Thank you,” he said, “but please don?t do that, I can stand.” 1. A. many B. some C. enough D. no （文意型） 2. A. sit down B. get on C. s

16、et out D. stand up （文意型） ②Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the morning. Now the sun was about to set. and his shadow lay long behind him. He had to look for a place for the night. 1. A. east B. west C. south D. north（ 文意型 ） ③In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at

17、 the gate of a train station. He was playing his _16_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. 16. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. Sax ④When we talked, I discovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)） som

18、e differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __44__ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 44. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. Later ⑤My mother often asked me，“What is t

19、he most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My ，Mommy．” ⑥She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聾的）… 17. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head 2. 習(xí)慣用法型 ①It?s Sunday. Some students are goingtheir way they saw a bus behind them

20、… 1. A. to B. for C. on D. at （習(xí)慣用法型） 2. A. On B. By C. At D. To （習(xí)慣用法型） ②When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention what he or she is speaking…

21、48. A. for B. of C. with D. to ③In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, the pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea that man. 48. A. with B. to C. as D. of 3. 詞義型 A little cock lived near the river.

22、One morning the little cock his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river. On his way he met a little duck. 1. A. wore B. had on C. dressed D. put on (詞義型) 4. 語法分析 ①As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them. I think I’ll also make ma

23、ny good and live with them, because I don’t like living alone. 25. A. friend B. friends C. friends? D. friends? ②What do we know about the sea? We that it looks very beautiful when the sun is shining it. We also learn that it can be very terrible when there is a strong wind. What t

24、hings do we know about it? the map of the world. There is sea than land. The sea covers three-quarters of the . Some parts of the sea 淺). But some places are very deep. There is one place near Japan. It is nearly 11 kilometers deep. The mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If we p

25、ut that mountain into the sea at that kilometers of water above it! The sea is salty. There is one sea called the Dead Sea. It is very salty. It is salty that swimming cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea. 1. A. know B. say C. hope D. wish ( 文意型 ) 2. A. in B. at C. on D. over

26、 (詞義型 ) 3. A. another B. other C. the other D. others ( 詞義型) 4. A. Look after B. See C. Watch D. Look at ( 詞義型 ) 5. A. smaller B. fewer C. more D. less ( 文意型 ) 6. A. land B. world C. water D. mountain (文意型 ) 7. A. are B. is C. has been D. were ( 語法型 )

27、 8. A. longest B. oldest C. tallest D. highest ( 文意型 ) 9. A. 20 B. 2 C. 11 D. 9 (文意型 ) 10. A. much B. too C. so D. very (習(xí)慣用法型) 【課堂演練】 【2013湖北武漢】完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出一個最佳答案。 “I?m really thankful to our government, for it provides us with such a go

28、od training program. The training greatly helps us live well. I will certainly study hard and learn the skills. Then I my family difficulties and do good to other people.” a learner on the job training program said, feeling The learner?s grandfather is nearly 80 years old, and has mother isin of

29、the family. The family is exam. The job training program helps him learn the skills that he?llin the work place. to catch lots of fish his fish with his his neighbors together and showed them how to fish. Everybody was very happy that they fish they themselves caught. At present, there are still

30、a lot of poor people throughout the world. But it?s not to them. new skills. Therefore, a technical training is very important to people in need, and the training program and what they learn can help them on the way to find jobs. 41. A. solve B. change C. study D. find 42. A. surprised

31、 B. excited C. relaxed D. interested 43. A. ill B. alone C. silent D. dangerous 44. A. problem B. example C. relative D. support 45. A. pass B. copy C. know D. mind 46. A. repeat B. forget C. need D. test 47. A. story B. learner

32、 C. family D. program 48. A. afraid B. lucky C. sorry D. able 49. A. shared B. cooked C. exchanged D. weighed 50. A. easy B. great C. useless D. crazy 51. A. drove B. stopped C. called D. searched 52. A. feed B. save C. touch D

33、. eat 53. A. time B. fish C. food D. clothing 54. A. Next B. Instead C. Luckily D. Especially 55. A. pay B. give C. use D. make 【主旨大意】作者寫一個在政府培訓(xùn)中的學(xué)習(xí)者的一段話，引出了一個故事，并講述了一個道理：授人以魚不如授人以漁。 41.【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意為“我能解決我的家庭困難”。solve difficulties解決困難。 42.【解析】考查形容詞

34、辨析。一個學(xué)習(xí)者，在培訓(xùn)中，說，并且感到很興奮。surprised 驚訝的；excited 興奮的；study學(xué)習(xí)；instead 代替 ，根據(jù)上文所說的話， 43.【解析】考查語境理解和形容詞辨析。并且他的母親生病在床。be ill 生病。 44.【解析】考查語境理解和名詞辨析。因此他的爸爸是家庭的主要支柱。support，支柱。其他的problem 問題example例子silent 安靜的 都不合適。 45.【解析】考查動詞辨析。學(xué)習(xí)者從高中畢業(yè)沒有通過入學(xué)考試。pass，通過。 46.【解析】考查上下文理解。這個工作項目幫助他學(xué)習(xí)他將知道的在工作地方的技巧。這是個定語從

35、句，根據(jù)上下問，推知，此處用know。 47.【解析】考查語境理解。這個故事讓我想起另外一個故事。根據(jù)下午內(nèi)容講述的是一個故事， 48.【解析】考查短語辨析。并且能夠每天抓許多魚。be able to 能夠，其他不符題意。 49. 【解析】考查短語搭配。因此他總是與那些不會捕魚的鄰居分享他的魚。share sth. with sb.與某人分享某物。 50.【解析】考查語境理解和形容詞辨析。他認(rèn)為如果他叫他們怎樣釣魚的話，應(yīng)該很棒。Great 很棒，其他easy 簡單的；useless 沒用的； crazy 瘋狂的，都不符合題意。 51.【解析】考查語境理解。因此他喊他的鄰居一起，并且向他們展示怎么捕魚。call 叫，喊。 52.【解析】考查語境理解和動詞辨析。每個人都很快樂，他們能夠吃自己捕的魚。feed 喂養(yǎng)；save節(jié)約；挽救；touch接觸；都不符合句意。故選 eat 吃。 53.【解析】考查語境理解。但是如果我們只給他們食物是不好的。 54.B 【解析】考查副詞辨析。相反，我們應(yīng)該給他們學(xué)習(xí)新技巧的機(jī)會。Instead 相反Next接下來；Luckily 幸運地；especially 尤其地 不符合題意。 55.D 【解析】考查短語搭配。他們講學(xué)習(xí)賺錢的能力。make money 賺錢