大學英語精讀第一冊 unit4

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1、 大學英語精讀（一）教案 任課教師： 授課班級：2010級會計9、10、11、12班 財政1、2、財管5、6班 課程學分： 3 課程總學時： 48 課程周學時： 3 上課周次： 16 教學進度計劃 章 節(jié) 計劃課時 教學手段 教學環(huán)境 Unit 1 9 教學樓314 Unit 3 9 教學樓314 Unit 4 9 教學樓314 Unit 7 9 教學樓314 Unit

2、9 9 教學樓314 Review 3 教學樓314 第 章 4 第 節(jié) 課 時 10 教學環(huán)境 普通教室 教學目的 To learn the appropriate communicating ways; To master the key words and phrases; To master the text organization and key language points of the text; To grasp the writing skill.

3、 重 點 Question for discussion: What are the usual ways to judge the people we first meet? Suggested answers: We judge them from their physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others

4、. Words and expressions : range from…to… react to be absorbed in conscious encounter with focus on persuade sb. to do sth. depress address oneself to… etc 難 點 The structure of the text and the expressions of long sentences Writing skill 講授內(nèi)容： How to Make a Good

5、 Impression Background information: Words are not only part of the communicating tools people use. Scientific study reveals an appealing fact that up to 93% of communication is conducted by non-verbal means, for example, tone of voice, eye movement, posture, hand gestures, facial expressions and m

6、ore. Non-Verbal Communication sometimes conveys a stronger message than verbal communication. Text organization: Part I (Para.1-2): Research shows that we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Para. 1: You make up your mind about peopl

7、e through unspoken communication within the first seven seconds of meeting them. It is during the first seven seconds that you show your true feelings and thus causing a chain of reactions. Paragraph 1 – Questions Main Question: Can we communicate without words? (Yes. Words are only part of the

8、communicating tools people use. Scientific study reveals an appealing fact that up to 93% of communication is conducted by non-verbal means, for example, tone of voice, eye movement, posture, hand gestures, facial expressions and more.) Q1 – How long can we make up our minds about people? (7 second

9、s) Q2 – How do we show our true feelings? (S2) -Expressions S1’s meaning: Research shows within the first seven seconds when we meet sb., we form our opinion about him or her through nonverbal communication. 1. make up one’s mind (to)=decide (to) e.g. I haven’t made up my mind where to go. He m

10、ade up his mind to be a doctor. Make up one’s mind about people/sth. –form the opinion about people S2’s meaning: Whether we are aware of it or not, we use our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes to express our feelings. This causes a sequence of various reactions from comfort to fear. 2. a chain

11、 of = a sequence of a chain of thoughts一連串想法a chain of bad luck一連串倒霉事 a chain of events一系列事件a chain of accidents一系列意外事故 3. range from… to…/between means occur between certain limits e.g. Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 價格自五至十美元不等 -Words 1.impression n. e.g. What were your first

12、impressions of London? 你對倫敦的最初印象如何？ It's my impression that he doesn't want to come. 我好像覺得他不想來 The thief had left an impression of his foot in the garden. 小偷在花園中留下一個腳印 *be under the impression that 認為; 覺得e.g. I’m under the impression that… *make an/no impression on 對....有(沒有

13、)印象/影響 e.g. What I said made practically no impression on him.我的話對他簡直不起作用 (Ex) impress vt. *impress on (upon) 使…得深刻印象; 在... 蓋印 e.g. His words are strongly impressed on my memory. 他的話使我深深銘記心頭 *impress with 使對...留有深刻的印象; 蓋上..., 印上... e.g. impress us with the high speed of developme

14、nt 2. conscious adj. e.g. I was conscious of her presence. 我知道她在場 He was conscious that he must do all this.他知道必須干這些事 (Ex.) unconscious adj. /n. 〈心理〉潛意識 consciously adv. ---unconsciously adv. consciousness n.---- unconsciousness n. self-conscious adj. e.g. a self-conscious teenager一個怕難為情的少年 se

15、lf-consciousness n. 3. reaction n. e.g. What is his reaction to your proposal? 他對你的建議有什么反應 The writer has a reaction against his usual style. 反抗, 反對 An acid can have a reaction with a base to form a salt. 酸和堿起化學反應成鹽 4. range v. e.g. Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10

16、 dollars. 價格自五美元至十美元不等(變化) They ranged the books by size 按書的大小排列 The children ranged the hills. 孩子們在小山中漫游 n. e.g. What is the range of your gun? 你的槍的射程有多遠？ a range of buildings 一排樓房the annual range of temperature每年的溫度變化范圍 -Translation 如何給人留下好印象 有研究顯示，我們對他人的判斷是根據(jù)我們最初遇到他們的七秒鐘里所進行的無言交流形成的。無論是有

17、意識還是無意識，我們都會用我們的眼神、面部表情、形體動作和態(tài)度來表現(xiàn)我們的真實情感，從而使他人產(chǎn)生從舒適到害怕的一連串反應。 Para. 2: It gives us some examples to illustrate the point of Para.1. Paragraph 2 – Questions Main Question: How long does it take us to judge the people we meet? (According to the passage, we judge other people within the first sev

18、en seconds of meeting them. But things are not always the same with everybody. As far as I am concerned, I won’t make a thorough judgment of others until I’m very familiar with them. However, I must admit that the first impression is really very important. It can greatly affect my judgments on other

19、s.) Q1 – Which meetings could be unforgettable by the author? (s1) -Expressions S1: 1. think about v.考慮, 回想e.g. They are thinking about moving.他們正考慮搬遷事宜 2. introduction is often followed by “to” e.g. give me an introduction to a professor; introduction to radio 無線電入門 S2: focus on=pay attention

20、to S4’s meaning: How did you understand the information about the other people. “read” = learn about the information -Words 5. introduction n. 6. spouse n. a husband or wife ---couple n. a husband and a wife 7. interview inter-互相+view見 n./vt. (Ex.) interviewer n. 接見[會見, 采訪]者 interviewee

21、 n.被接見[被會見, 被采訪]者 8. encounter n. /vt. e.g. I encountered an old friend on the street.在街上偶然遇見一位老友 I had an encounter with an old friend. (Ex.) *by chance偶然, 意外地 I met him by chance. 我偶然遇到了他 *by any chance 萬一, 或許 Is he, by any chance, her brother?他可能是她哥哥嗎? 9. focus v. e.g. A

22、ll eyes were focused on the speaker. 大家的目光都集中在發(fā)言人身上 I think you forgot to focus the camera. 我想你是忘了給照相機調(diào)焦距 (Ex.) He got used to the life under focus lamp聚光燈. -Translation 想想那些讓你最為難忘的會面：被介紹給你未來的配偶，一次求職面試，與陌生人一次邂逅。將注意力集中在最初的七秒鐘，你當時有何感想？你是如何解讀他人的？你認為他又是如何解讀你的？ Part II (Para.3-15

23、): The four qualities we can use to impress others：you are the message; be yourself; use your eyes; lighten up Body 1 (Para.3-5): You are the message. Para. 3: The writer tells us from his own experience that the secret has always been “you are the message”. Paragraph 3 – Questions Main Question

24、: What’s the author’s experience? What’s the secret of making good impression? (The author worked with thousands who want to be successful. He has helped them make persuasive presentations, answer unfriendly questions, communicate more effectively.) -Expressions S1’s meaning: Your eyes, face, bod

25、y, and attitudes-the whole you sends the information about you. S3: 1. make/give a presentation of=give a speech on sth. S4: 2. secret秘訣- the best way or the only way to achieve it e.g. What is the secret of his success? 他成功的秘訣是什么？ -Words 10. persuasive adj. e.g. a persuasive argument 令人信服

26、的論據(jù) (Ex.)persuasion n. e.g. After a lot of persuasion, she agreed to go. 經(jīng)過多次勸說后，她同意去了 persuade v. e.g. He persuaded her to go to school. I am almost persuaded of his honesty. 我?guī)缀跸嘈潘钦\實的。 *persuade sb. into doing sth. v.說服某人做某事 11. presentation n. e.g. gave a p

27、resentation on drug abuse開辦關于毒品濫用問題的講座 (Ex) present v. present flowers 獻花 present a new play 上演一出新戲 present reasons 提出理由 presented prizes頒獎 Allow me to present Mr Black to you. 請允許我向您介紹布萊克先生 -Translation 你本人就是信息。25年來，我在工作中和數(shù)千個想要成功的人打過交道。我?guī)椭麄兪顾麄兯鞯难葜v有說服力，教他們?nèi)绾位卮鸩挥押玫奶釂?，以及如何與人更有效的溝通。而所有這一切

28、的秘訣都在于要懂得你本人就是信息。 Para. 4: It continues to list what your message is. Your message includes physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. Paragraph 4 – Questions Main Question: What are

29、the good qualities if you want others to be with you and help you? (They include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others.) -Expressions S1: 1. quality n. e.g. a watch of good quali

30、ty品質(zhì)好的手表qualities of leadership 領導才能 S3: 2. base on v.基于Judgment should be based on facts -Words 12. physical adj. (antonym) chemical adj. spiritual / mentally adj. (Ex.) physician n. 內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 – surgeon n. 外科醫(yī)生 13. rate n. e.g. The rate of inflation decreased to 10% last year.去年通貨膨脹率降低為百分之十 de

31、ath rate 死亡率 rate of exchange 匯率 The train was going at the rate of 80 kilometers an hour. *at any rate = at any cost=at any price 無論如何 14. pitch n. 瀝青, 深黑色 *as black as pitch 漆黑的 15. tone n. e.g. deep tone深沉的聲音sweet tone優(yōu)美的聲音the tone of a market市場的情況 angry tone憤怒的語氣soft green tone淺綠的色調(diào)

32、 *in a tone 一致 -Translation 如果你能利用你的優(yōu)點，別人就會愿意跟你在一起，并且愿意幫助你。這些優(yōu)點包括：外表、活力、語速、語音語調(diào)、手勢、眼神，以及使他人對你保持興趣的能力。別人對你的印象就是根據(jù)這些因素形成的。 Para. 5: It comes to a conclusion that you are successful when you use your own message and lost all self-consciousness, committing yourself to what you are talking about

33、. Paragraph 5 – Questions Main Question: There are times you make a good impression. What’s the reason? (s3) -Expressions S3: 1. be committed to=give attention to= commit oneself to=be absorbed in 專心致志于 He committed himself to the business.= He was committed to the business. -Words 16. a

34、bsorb vt. * be absorbed in 全神貫注在..., 一心從事, 熱衷于 e.g. The writer was absorbed in his writing. 作家全神貫注地進行寫作（吸引） * be absorbed by被...吞并, 為...所吸收 e.g. All of my time was absorbed by this job. 這件工作占有了我的全部時間(吸收) -Translation 想想有哪幾次你確切知道你給人留下了好印象。你成功的原因又是什么？那是因為你對你所談論的事情非常投

35、入，你當時完全沉浸其中，以至于已經(jīng)完全沒有了羞澀的感覺。 Body 2 (Para.6-9): Be yourself Para. 6: It argues against one piece of advice that has been suggested by many how-to books. Paragraph 6 – Questions Main Question: What’s the advice many how-to books give? What’s the writer’s opinion? (Many how-to books advise you to

36、 stride into a room and impress others with your qualities. They instruct you to greet them with “power handshakes” and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. It you follow all this advice, you’ll drive everyone crazy, including yourself.) -Expressions S1: 1. Be yourself![口]鎮(zhèn)靜點兒!別慌張! by yo

37、urself你單獨地; 你獨立地 How's yourself?[俚](答復對方“How are you?”的客套話)你呢? 你也好嗎? S2’s meaning: Many books that offer advice on how to make a good impression tell you to walk into a room with quick, long steps and make others feel admiration and respect for your qualities. 2. how-to books – books offeri

38、ng advice; stride into大步行走; impress with S3: 3. fix one’s eyes on-stare at- gaze at-peer at S4: 4. drive sb. crazy e.g. The endless music is driving me crazy. -Words 17. how-to adj. e.g. a how-to book入門書 18. stride vi./n. They are -ding forward in English.他們的英語在大踏步地取得進展。 19. impress vt. 20. sh

39、ake n. handshake n. -Translation 保持自我。許多指導性的書籍會建議你大步走進一個房間，用你的優(yōu)點給別人留下深刻印象。他們會教你以“有力地握手”問候他人，并且告訴你要用雙眼注視對方?？赡阒廊绻裱怂羞@些建議，你會讓所有的人都受不了—包括你自己。 Para. 7: It deals with the writer’s own advice that the trick is to be consistently you, at your best. You should communicate with your whole being; the to

40、nes of your voices and your gestures match your words and you should keep yourself all the same. Paragraph 7 – Questions Main Question: How to be consistently yourself at your best? (Never change from one situation to another. Communicate with one’s whole being; the tones of one’s voice and one’s

41、 gesture match one’s words.) Q1 – Why the books fail to help you make a good impression? (they don’t tell the trick.) -Expressions S1: 1. trick e.g. I can do magic tricks.我會玩魔術to learn the tricks of the trade學這生意的訣竅 He got the money from me by a trick.他用詭計騙走了我的錢 The ch

42、ildren played a trick on their teacher. 孩子們捉弄了他們的老師 2. at one’s best adv.處在最佳狀態(tài)At her best, she is a first-class dancer. S3: 3. address their garden club-give a speech in the garden club S4: 4. communicate with -Words 21. consistent adj. +with e.g. What you say is not consistent with what you

43、do.你言行不一 (Ex) inconsistent adj. 不一致的 consistently adv. ----inconsistently adv. 22. address vt. e.g. address a meeting向大會發(fā)表演說 How shall I address you? If your friend did something wrong, you should always address a warning to him. He addressed himself to the task of doing his

44、homework.他專心致志地做他的家庭作業(yè)。 *address oneself to 對...說; 跟...談; 與...通信(用于正式場合); 著手, 從事于 23. match vt. e.g. The color of the shirt does not match that of the coat.襯衫的顏色與上衣不相配 -Translation 訣竅在于要始終如一的保持自我，保持你最佳狀態(tài)的自我。給人印象最深的那些人從不隨著情境的變化而改變自己。無論是在與人交談時，在園藝俱樂部發(fā)表演說時，還是在求職面試中，他們的表現(xiàn)是一樣的。他們?nèi)硇呐c人交流；他們的音調(diào)和手勢與他

45、們說的話保持一致。 Para. 8: It gives us an example of how some public speakers do not have good communication skills. While they are talking about being happy with their audience, they don’t look happy. Thus they send mixed messages. Paragraph 8 – Questions Main Question: Why does the author say “Public s

46、peakers, however, often send mixed messages?” (The author gives us an example of how some public speakers do not have good communication skills. While they are talking about being happy with their audience, they don’t look happy. Thus they send mixed messages.) -Expressions S1’s meaning: Public s

47、peakers often send confusing messages-what they say doesn’t match what they do. S2: 1. my favorite- I feel the most funny or interesting one is… -Words 24. depress vt. e.g. The rainy days always depress me.雨天總是使我沮喪 Does mass unemployment depress wages? 大量人口失業(yè)會使工資降低嗎 (antonym) e

48、ncourage vt. (Ex) depressed adj. e.g. depressed areas貧困地區(qū) the depressed center of a crater火山口凹陷的中心 depressing adj.抑壓的, 陰沉的, 沉悶的 e.g. depressing weather 陰沉的天氣 depression n. e.g. A holiday will help his depression. 度假會幫助他改善抑郁情緒 -Translation 然而，演說家常常會傳遞一些混合不清的信息。我覺得最有意思的一類演說家是那些看著自己

49、的鞋子說“女士們，先生們，我很高興來到這里”的人。他們看上去并不高興。他們看上去氣憤、恐懼或沮喪。 Para. 9: It is the conclusion for this piece of advice. When the audience see with their own eyes that you are not being yourself and you are sending mixed messages, they would tell themselves that the speaker is not being honest. Paragraph 9 – Que

50、stions Main Question: Why audience think the speaker is lying? (s1) -Expressions S1’s meaning: They always think what they see without their own eyes is more important than what they hear. Seeing is believing. 1. over- more than; more important than S2: 2. being honest 強調(diào)時態(tài)(tense) e.g. You’re b

51、eing very silly.=You’re doing silly things. I was being very careful.=I was doing something carefully.我是特別小心 He is being nice to me.他對我顯得特別好 -Words 25. audience n. -Translation 聽眾總是相信自己的親眼所見勝過耳聞。他們會想，“他告訴我他很高興，可他并不是這樣。他現(xiàn)在并沒有說實話。” Body 3 (Para.10-11): The writer advises to keep eye contact wi

52、th your audience, look straight at those in the room and smile. Paragraph 10 – Questions Main Question: What’s the bad habit when using your eyes? (S3) -Expressions S3’s meaning: Some people look at you only when they begin to say sth., but very soon they begin to look somewhere else. 1. look r

53、ight at; make/break eye contact -Words 26. contact n. e.g. The two wires were in contact. 這兩根電線接通了 She comes into contact with many people. 她和許多人有聯(lián)系 *have/make/come into/be in contact with和...接觸 *lose/be out of contact with和...失去聯(lián)系 v. e.g. She contacted me as soon as she arrived

54、. 她一到就和我聯(lián)系了 (antonym) isolation n. 隔離 -Translation 用你的眼睛。不管你是和一個人交談，還是對一百個人發(fā)表講話，始終記住你要看著他們。有些人在開始說話時會直視你，但一句話剛說了幾個字，他就會中斷與你目光的接觸，把目光移向窗外。 Paragraph 11 – Questions Main Question: What should we do when entering a room full of people? (As we enter a room, move our eyes comfortably; then look s

55、traight at those in the room and smile.) Q1 – Why should we smile? Q2 – Why sb. treats a room full of people as a lion’s cage? -Expressions S1: 1. look straight at S3: 2. be relaxed- feel calm or not worried S6: If I did agree-emphatic use強調(diào) e.g. He did tell me about it. I do feel sorry for h

56、im. -Words 27. relax v. (Ex) relaxed adj. relaxation n. -Translation 當你走進房間時，目光從容地掃視；然后直視房間里的人，并對他們微笑。微笑是很重要的，它表明你很放松。有人認為走進一個很多人的房間就像走進了一個獅子籠。我不同意這種說法。就算我同意，我也肯定不會看著自己的腳或是天花板。我會直視那頭獅子。 Body 4 (Para.12-15): Lighten up Para. 12-13: It gives an example of how an angry chairman roared with la

57、ughter just because of a piece of humor. Paragraph 12 – Questions Main Question: What can you learn from the examples given on Para.12 and 13? (Even under stress of a very uncomfortable scene, we should lighten up.) Q1 – Why the chairman scolded everyone? (enjoy making them fear him) -Expressio

58、ns S2: 1. scold v.責罵e.g. His father scolded him for staying out late. 2. enjoy doing sth. enjoy oneself過得快樂 Did you enjoy yourself of the party? -Words 28. lighten v. e.g. lighten taxes 減輕賦稅 -----tighten v. lighten up: become more relaxed and less serious 29. powerful adj. e.g. a powerful d

59、rug特效藥 -----powerless 30. entertainment n. (Ex) entertain v. 娛樂, 招待 entertainer n. 款待者,演藝人員entertaining adj.愉快的 -Translation 放松。一次員工會議上，一位娛樂業(yè)最有影響的董事長由于一些微不足道的問題大發(fā)雷霆，責備每位員工，為能使員工害怕自己而感到滿足。當他走向我，喊道，“還有你，埃爾斯，你干些什么？” Paragraph 13 – Questions Q1 – Which quality helped the author break the stress?

60、 (humor) -Expressions S3: 1. throw back v.扔回, 阻止, 使重新依靠, 反射 2. roar with anger/ laughter/pain -Words 31. roar vi. e.g. The engines roared.發(fā)動機轟響著（常與out連用）高聲發(fā)出，大聲表示roar out an order 大聲發(fā)出命令 -Translation 我這樣說，“你是說現(xiàn)在？今晚？還是在我的余生中？”之后有片刻的沉默。接著董事長仰頭放聲大笑。其他的人也跟著笑起來。幽默可以打破尷尬場合中的緊張氣氛。 Para. 14:It puts f

61、orward the writer’s advice: lighten up. Paragraph 14 – Questions Q1 – If the author gave the advice in two words, which words would he choose? (lighten up) -Expressions S2: 1. take …seriously –take …lightly; take literally S3: 2. either…or e.g. Either say you're sorry or else get out!"你要么道歉,要么滾

62、開! Either my father or my brothers are coming. 不是我父親就是我兄弟要來 -Words 32. brood v. *brood above/on [over] (氣氛)籠罩 e.g. A cloud is brooding over the hills.一片烏云籠罩著山崗 *brood over [on] 念念不忘, 計較(特指忿恨不滿) e.g. brooded over the insult for several days.好幾天都默想著受到的侮辱 -Translation 如果一

63、定要我用兩個字說出我的建議的話，那就是“放松”！你總會發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些人對待自己太過認真。他們通常不是在沉思，就是在滔滔不絕地談論自己。 Para. 15: It tells that if you are talking a lot about yourself, complaining a lot, then you need to lighten up. In order to make others comfortable, you have to appear comfortable yourself first. Paragraph 15 – Questions Main Ques

64、tion: Why does the author believe we have the power to make a good impression? (We now have the power to make a good impression, because nobody can use our good qualities as well as we can.) Q1 – Why does the author believe we have the power to make a good impression? -Expressions S1’s meaning:

65、Use enough time and energy to think about yourself thoroughly. S8’s meaning: You now have the ability that exists in yourself to produce a good effect on other people, because nobody can use your good qualities as well as you can. -Translation 仔細地觀察一下你自己，你說“我”的次數(shù)是否過多？你通常是否將注意力集中在你個人的問題上？你是否經(jīng)常抱怨？對

66、于上述問題，哪怕只有其中一個你給出的是肯定的回答，那么你就需要放松了。為了讓別人感到自在，你自己先要表現(xiàn)得輕松。不必做出巨大的改變，只需要保持自我。你本身已具備了給人留下良好印象的能力，因為要保持你的自我，只有你自己才能做得好，誰也代替不了你。 Summary: A good impression results from a combination of factors which includes your manner of dress, your body language, and your attitude. Here are more tips for you: 1. Appearance counts. When you look good, you feel good. Make sure you look groomed and neat. 2. Your clothes and accessories should be conservative and neutral, rather than wild and loud. 3. Sit up st