(江蘇專用)2019高考英語(yǔ)二輪培優(yōu)復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 單項(xiàng)填空課件.ppt

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1、江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空近五年考查分布明細(xì)統(tǒng)計(jì),從上面的考情統(tǒng)計(jì)可以看出,2018年江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空的考點(diǎn)和往年類似,但涉及的語(yǔ)境更豐富,重點(diǎn)考查基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用、詞匯辨析、情景交際用語(yǔ)及習(xí)語(yǔ)。其中語(yǔ)法考查內(nèi)容涵蓋了三大從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)及虛擬語(yǔ)氣等。,21.By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived.,A.where B.when C.why D.how 答案D考查表語(yǔ)從句。 根據(jù)句中的By boat可知,此處應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,表示到達(dá)這里的方式。,22.Kids shouldnt have acce

2、ss to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.,A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate 答案C考查動(dòng)詞。句意:孩子們不應(yīng)該看暴力影片,因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)模仿他們看到的內(nèi)容。imitate“模仿”符合句意。indicate“暗示”;investigate“調(diào)查”;innovate“創(chuàng)新”。,23.Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same st

3、arting line.,A.that B.where C.which D.when 答案B考查定語(yǔ)從句??仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是area,關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此用where,相當(dāng)于in which。,24.Its strange that he ________ have taken the books without the owners permission.,A.would B.should C.could D.might 答案B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:很奇怪,他竟然未經(jīng)主人的許可就拿走了那些書(shū)。should“竟然”,符合句意。,25.Developing the Yangtz

4、e River Economic Belt is a systematic project which ________ a clear road map and timetable.,A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up 答案A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 句意:開(kāi)發(fā)長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的工程,它需要一個(gè)清晰的陸路交通圖和時(shí)間表。call for“需要”符合句意。call on“號(hào)召,拜訪”;call off“取消”;call up“使回憶起”。,26.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the per

5、iod,________ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.,A.having exceeded B.to exceed C.exceeded D.exceeding 答案D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這段時(shí)間大約13 500個(gè)新的工作崗位被創(chuàng)造了出來(lái),超過(guò)了市場(chǎng)分析人士預(yù)計(jì)的12 000個(gè)。exceed與主語(yǔ)是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果,故選D。,27.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ a second ch

6、ance to bee more involved.,A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had 答案A考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)“There is a good social life in the village”可知,時(shí)間的著眼點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在,因此wish后的從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬,故選擇had。,28.You know what? Ive got a New Year concert ticket.,Oh,________ Youre kidding. A.so what? B.go ahead. Ce on. D.what for? 答案C考

7、查交際用語(yǔ)。從對(duì)話中的“Youre kidding”可知此處表示對(duì)上一句的內(nèi)容感到難以置信,因此選擇e on,意思是“別逗了,算了吧”。so what“那又怎么樣”,go ahead“開(kāi)始做吧”,what for“為何”。,29.________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.,A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When 答案B考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意:除非你睡眠好,否則你一兩個(gè)夜晚后就不能集中注意力,不能計(jì)

8、劃,也不能保持積極性。unless“除非”符合句意。,30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ________ in the past two years.,A.had been carried out B.would be carried out C.is being carried out D.has been carried out 答案A考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句中主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),因此從句中應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中的某種時(shí)態(tài);根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past two years可知,應(yīng)

9、該使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。因此空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,31.Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we ________ more convenient electronic munication tools by then.,A.have developed B.had developed C.will have developed D.developed 答案C考查將來(lái)完成時(shí)。句意:在2025年我們有望不再互相發(fā)郵件,因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)候我們將已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了更加便利的電子溝通工具了。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2025與by the

10、n可知,空處應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。,32.Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the ________ youve made.,A.assignment B.association C.acquisition D.assumption 答案D考查名詞。根據(jù)句中的actually可知選擇assumption,表示“要努力弄懂事實(shí)上正在發(fā)生的事情而不是把你的行為建立在假設(shè)之上”。assignment“任務(wù),作業(yè)”;association“協(xié)會(huì),團(tuán)體,聯(lián)系,聯(lián)想”;acquisition“獲得,習(xí)得”。,33.Ch

11、inas soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.,A.in line with B.in reply to C.in return for D.in honour of 答案A考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意:我國(guó)的軟實(shí)力的增長(zhǎng)與我國(guó)在全球各地不斷受到的欣賞和理解是緊密相連的。in line with“與緊密相連”符合句意。in reply to“答復(fù)”;in return for“作為對(duì)的回報(bào)”;in honour of“為了紀(jì)念,為向表示敬意”。,34.Despi

12、te the poor service of the hotel, the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.,A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready 答案B考查形容詞。句意:盡管這家旅館服務(wù)差,但是經(jīng)理卻不愿投資對(duì)員工進(jìn)行足夠的培訓(xùn)。reluctant“不情愿的,勉強(qiáng)的”符合句意。,35.What happened? Your boss seems to ________.,Didnt you know his secretary leaked the sec

13、ret report to the press? A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off C.be all ears D.fly off the handle 答案D考查習(xí)語(yǔ)。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知秘書(shū)向新聞界泄露了機(jī)密的報(bào)告,因此老板很生氣,故選擇fly off the handle“大發(fā)雷霆”。be over the moon“欣喜若狂”;laugh his head off“大笑不止”;be all ears“全神貫注地聽(tīng)”。,21.Many Chinese brands,________their reputations over centuries,

14、are facing new challenges from the modern market.,A.having developed B.being developed C.developed D.developing 答案Abrands是邏輯主語(yǔ),和develop是主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,表示伴隨狀況;再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知,應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,故選A。,22.________not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overe her difficulty.,A.It were B.W

15、ere it C.It was D.Was it 答案B虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were;虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式主要是把if省略,同時(shí)把were/should/had提前,即Were/Should/Had I...,故選B。,23.Located________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.,A.why B.when C.which D.where 答案Dbe located in地點(diǎn)名詞,位于,where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在此相當(dāng)于in some pl

16、ace,故選D。,24.The publication of Great Expectations,which________both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.,A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案C本句是包含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,先行詞是Great Expectations是書(shū)名,看作單數(shù),所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要使用單數(shù)形式;根據(jù)“strengthened”可知,“被廣泛閱讀和得到高度評(píng)價(jià)”發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故選C。,25.Working w

17、ith the medical team in Africa has________the best in her as a doctor.,A.held out B.brought out C.picked out D.given out 答案Bhold out堅(jiān)持;提供機(jī)會(huì);伸出手;bring out使顯現(xiàn),闡明,出版;pick out使容易看見(jiàn),找出精心挑選,認(rèn)出來(lái);give out用完,停止運(yùn)行,分發(fā),發(fā)出,公布。句意:在非洲同醫(yī)療隊(duì)一起工作已經(jīng)使她表現(xiàn)出了作為一名醫(yī)生最好的一面。這里取“使顯現(xiàn)”之意,故選B。,26.We choose this hotel because the p

18、rice for a night here is down to $20,half of________it used to charge.,A.that B.which C.what D.how 答案C“half of ________ it used to charge”是$20的同位語(yǔ),即原來(lái)價(jià)格的一半是現(xiàn)在的$20;另外,of后跟名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ),所以,這里是賓語(yǔ)從句;賓語(yǔ)從句中的charge后面缺少賓語(yǔ),所以用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,并在賓語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),故選C。,27.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he

19、________.,A.was being followed B.was following C.had been followed D.followed 答案A分析句子成分可知,he和follow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,即他被別人跟蹤,排除B、D;根據(jù)句意“在匆忙趕回家的路上,他從未回頭看是否正被跟蹤”,故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)最合適,故選A。,28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.,A.which B.its C.whose D.who

20、m 答案C先行詞是“the World Food Programme”,“世界糧食項(xiàng)目”的目的之一是,whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),限定purposes,故選C。,29.Only five years after Steve Jobs death,smart-phones defeated________PCs in sales.,A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional 答案DA.controversial有爭(zhēng)議的;B.contradictory對(duì)立的,相互矛盾的;C.confidential機(jī)密的,秘密的;D

21、.conventional傳統(tǒng)的。智能手機(jī)在銷量上打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人電腦,故選D。,30.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help________your year ahead.,A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen 答案AA.shape塑造,決定的形成,影響的發(fā)展;B.switch轉(zhuǎn)變,交換,調(diào)班;C.stretch拉長(zhǎng),拉緊,伸展,伸長(zhǎng),延伸消耗;D.sharpen提高,使尖銳,變得清晰。句意:快速回顧一年的成敗將會(huì)決定來(lái)年的發(fā)展。故選A。,31.Hes be

22、en informed that he________for the scholarship because of his academic background.,A.hasnt qualified B.hadnt qualified C.doesnt qualify D.wasnt qualifying 答案C句意:他已經(jīng)被告知由于教育背景的原因而沒(méi)有資格獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。qualify for sth達(dá)標(biāo),獲得參賽資格;由于條件不滿足而沒(méi)有資格做某事,是客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選C。,32.Determining where we are________our surroundings re

23、mains an essential skill for our survival.,A.in contrast to B.in defense of C.in face of D.in relation to 答案DA.in contrast to對(duì)比,截然不同;B.in defense of為辯護(hù);C.in face of面對(duì);D.in relation to與有關(guān)。句意:根據(jù)周圍的環(huán)境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項(xiàng)極其重要的技能。故選D。,33.What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?,Its nothing.Just something_____

24、___. A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams 答案BA.as clear as day顯而易見(jiàn),容易理解;B.off the top of my head沒(méi)有考慮;C.under my nose就在我眼皮底下(都沒(méi)有察覺(jué));D.beyond my wildest dreams遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)出乎意料,做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)有想到。由句意可知選B。,34.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astrono

25、mical incidents.But________explanations are hard to find.,A.alternative B.aggressive C.ambiguous D.apparent 答案AA.alternative可供替代的;B.aggressive好斗的,有進(jìn)取心的;C.ambiguous 有野心的,耗時(shí)的;D.apparent顯而易見(jiàn)的。句意:恐龍的消失未必是由天文事件引起的,但是難以找到其他解釋。故選A。,35.Going to watch the Womens Volleyball Match on Wednesday?,________!Will y

26、ou go with me? A.You there B.You bet C.You got me D.You know better 答案BA.You there說(shuō)你呢(用于引起注意);B.You bet的確;當(dāng)然;C.You got me你把我問(wèn)住了;D.You know better不至于糊涂到由“Will you go with me?”可知,“我”會(huì)去看女子排球,答語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是肯定的,故選B。,21.It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.,A.why B.what

27、C.as D.that 答案D句意:通常對(duì)于那些心存希望的人來(lái)說(shuō)一切皆有可能。此句中It為形式主語(yǔ),that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。故D項(xiàng)正確。,22.More efforts,as reported,________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.,A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made 答案B本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the years ahead “在將來(lái)的幾年”和一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用,且efforts與動(dòng)詞make構(gòu)成被動(dòng)

28、關(guān)系,所以要使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式,故B項(xiàng)正確。,23.Many young people,most ________ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.,A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those 答案C定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是Many young people,關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。故C項(xiàng)正確。,24.Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long lif

29、e?,Living every day to the full,definitely. A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt 答案Arecipe秘訣,食譜,藥方;record記錄;range范圍;receipt收據(jù),收條。根據(jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)“秘訣”符合題意。,25.He did not ________ easily,but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.,A.approach B.wrestle Cpromise Dmunicate 答案Capproach靠近,

30、接近;wrestle摔跤,斗爭(zhēng),努力解決;promise妥協(xié);和解;讓步;municate交流,溝通。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。,26.________ some people are motivated by a need for success,others are motivated by a fear of failure.,A.Because B.If C.Unless D.While 答案Dbecause因?yàn)?;if如果;unless除非;while盡管;然而;當(dāng)時(shí);根據(jù)句意可知此處表轉(zhuǎn)折,所以使用while “盡管”。故D項(xiàng)正確。,27.If it ________ for his i

31、nvitation the other day,I should not be here now.,A.had not been B.should not be C.were not to be D.should not have been 答案A句意:如果不是因?yàn)榍皫滋焖难?qǐng),我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里了。本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。故A項(xiàng)正確。,28.In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.,A.to hide B.hidden C.hiding D.being hid

32、den 答案Ba secret message與動(dòng)詞hide為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以填過(guò)去分詞hidden,分詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that is hidden within the work。A、C項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)含義,D項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行,與語(yǔ)境不符。故B項(xiàng)正確。,29.Dashan,who ________ crosstalk,the Chinese edic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.,A.will be learning B.is learning C.had been lea

33、rning D.has been learning 答案D本句強(qiáng)調(diào)這幾十年來(lái)大山一直努力把中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的相聲和西方的脫口秀結(jié)合。所以使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性和反復(fù)性。故D項(xiàng)正確。,30.Many businesses started up by college students have ________ thanks to the fortable climate for business creation.,A.fallen off B.taken off C.turned off D.left off 答案Bfall off跌落,下降;take off起飛,成功,受歡迎;turn

34、 off關(guān)閉;leave off停止,中斷;根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。,31.His prehensive surveys have provided the most ________ statements of how,and on what basis,data are collected.,A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary 答案Aexplicit明晰的,清楚的;ambiguous模棱兩可的,含糊不清的;original原始的,最初的;arbitrary任意的,專制的。故A項(xiàng)正確。,32.Only those who have a l

35、ot in mon can get along well.,________.Opposites sometimes do attract. A.I hope not B.I think so C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ 答案DI hope not我可不希望這樣;I think so我認(rèn)為如此;I appreciate that我很感激;I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答語(yǔ)后句Opposites sometimes do attract.(意見(jiàn)相反的人有時(shí)會(huì)相互吸引。)可知不同意對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話。故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。,33.Parents

36、should actively urge their children to ________ the opportunity to join sports teams.,A.gain admission to B.keep track of C.take advantage of D.give rise to 答案Cgain admission to 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入;keep track of記錄;take advantage of利用;give rise to引起;根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。,34.Not until recently ________ the development of tour

37、ist-related activities in the rural areas.,A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged C.did they encourage D.they encouraged 答案C句意:直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開(kāi)展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。當(dāng)not until所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí),主句要使用部分倒裝。故C項(xiàng)正確。,35.Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.,Lack of self-confidence is his ________,I am afraid. A.Achilles heel B.childs play C.green fingers D.last straw 答案AAchilles heel唯一的致命的弱點(diǎn);childs play容易做的事情,輕而易舉的事情;green fingers搞園藝的才能;last straw最后一根稻草。句意:“杰克仍然情不自禁地?fù)?dān)心他的工作面試?!薄翱峙氯狈ψ孕攀撬ㄒ坏娜觞c(diǎn)?!备鶕?jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。,

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