湖北省2014高考英語 專項訓練 閱讀理解39

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1、2014高考英語沖刺閱讀理解專項 50-39 A I’ve written 14 movies．My characters smoke in many of them, and they look cool and glamorous（有魅力的） doing it．Smoking was an integral（必需的） part of many of my screenplays because I was a heavy smoker．It was part of a bad-boy image I’d cultivated for a long time— smoking, drin

2、king, partying, rock ’n’ roll． Smoking, I once believed, was every person’s right．The second-hand smoke was non-existent problem invented by professional do-gooders．I put all these views into my plays． Remembering all this, I find it hard to forgive myself．I have been an accomplice (幫兇) to the mu

3、rders of untold numbers of human beings．I am admitting this only because I have made a deal with God．Spare me, I said, and I will try to stop others from committing the same crimes I did． Eighteen months ago I was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking．I am alive but disa

4、bled．Much of my larynx (喉) is gone．I have some difficulty speaking; others have some difficulty understanding me． I haven’t smoked or drunk for 18 months now, though I still take it day by day and pray for help．I believe in prayer and exercise．I have walked five miles a day for a year, without miss

5、ing even one day．Quitting smoking and drinking has taught me the hardest lesson I’ve ever learned about my own weakness; it has also given me the greatest affection and empathy(同感) for those still addicted． I don’t think smoking is every person’s right anymore．I think smoking should be as illegal a

6、s heroin（海洛因）．I’m no longer such a bad boy．I go to church on Sunday．I’m desperate to see my four boys grow up．I want to do everything I can to undo the damage I have done with my own big-screen words and images． Screen writers know, too, that some movie stars are more likely to play a part if they

7、can smoke —because they are so addicted to smoking that they have difficulty stopping even during the shooting of a scene． My hands are bloody; so are Hollywood’s．My cancer has caused me to attempt to cleanse（徹底清潔） me．I don’t wish my fate upon anyone in Hollywood, but I beg that Hollywood should st

8、op putting it upon millions of others． 1. The main idea of this passage probably is _________． A. the writer is ashamed of the bad effects his screenplays have had on human beings B. the writer’s smoking experience nearly killed himself C. the bad effects that Hollywood screenplay have brought

9、 to children D. the determination of the writer to overcome his illness 答案解析：答案為A。本題為文章大意題。第一段作者引入話題，在他創(chuàng)作的電影中，很多人物吸煙，吸煙是他的作品中必需的，這些吸煙的場景影響了人們， 后面的段落介紹作者因為吸煙而患上了喉癌，深受其苦，也表達了他深深的懺悔之意，最后一段表達作者的希望，希望好萊塢電影不再有吸煙的場景，讓厄運降臨到別人身上。故本文的大意為作者對他的熒幕劇對人們產(chǎn)生的壞影響感到慚愧。故答案為A。B、D是文中的細節(jié)，C選項在文中未提及，均不選。 2. How do you

10、think the writer has realized his mistake? A. So many people have found the habit of smoking due to his plays． B. His plays have brought great harm to teenagers． C. He himself suffered greatly from smoking． D. His screenplays have been doing more and more harm to human beings． 答案解析：答案為C。本題為推理題。

11、由第三段的首句提到的 “…I find it hard to forgive myself”和該段最后一句提到的 “…and I will try to stop others from committing the same crimes I did.”, 以及第四段首句 “Eighteen months ago I was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking．” 可知，作者難以原諒自己，將會努力阻止別人和他一樣犯相同的罪，因為他診斷有吸煙導致的喉癌，故答案為C，作者自己深受吸煙之害。

12、A選項與題干無關；B選項未提及；D選項夸大了他的作品的危害，均不選。 3. According to the passage, what does the underlined sentence mean? A. He has made up his mind to give up smoking forever． B. He will try his best to prevent others from writing screen plays encouraging smoking． C. He will try his best to bring up his four c

13、hildren． D. He has decided to write his screenplays without smoking scenes． 答案解析：答案為D。本題為語義理解題。劃線部分所在的句意為“我會盡我一切所能來消除我在熒幕上創(chuàng)作的文字和形象給人們帶來的傷害”。這種傷害來自第一段提到的作者的作品中吸煙是必需的場景，由此可以推斷，劃線部分意為作者決定在自己的作品中不再有吸煙場景。故答案為D。 4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______． A. the writer will soon be recovere

14、d from his illness thanks to his exercise B. the writer will soon die because of his deadly disease C. smoking will be got rid of in all Hollywood films D. smoking in Hollywood films is still doing great harm to human beings 答案解析：答案為D。本題為推理題。由第四段第二句話 “I am alive but disabled．” 可知，作者雖然活著但是殘疾了，故

15、A、B選項錯誤。由最后一段最后一句話 “I don’t wish my fate upon anyone in Hollywood, but I beg that Hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others．” 可知，作者不希望自己的命運降臨到好萊塢的任何人身上，但是乞求好萊塢應該阻止吸煙導致的危害降臨到成千上萬人的身上，可以推斷，好萊塢電影上出現(xiàn)的吸煙場景仍然在對人們造成傷害，故C選項錯誤，D選項正確。 B People who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at re

16、calling information and making links between facts when waking. But recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. The results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is very important to the brain’s ability to

17、form strong memories. An average night's rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night -- and therefore inadequate REM sleep -- may be damaging thei

18、r mind's ability to memorize: Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages. In the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words --- such as “cookie”, “heart”, and “sixteen”----and asked to find a

19、nother word that can be associated with all three words. They were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. The quiet rest and non-REM sl

20、eep groups didn't improve, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent. Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in

21、the brain occurs during REM sleep. People woken while their closed eyes made rapid movements recalled much more colorful and detailed dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep. 1. According to the passage, to have a good memory, a person had better _______ at night. A. sleep four to

22、five hours at most B. sleep as much as possible C. sleep with four or five periods of REM D. have a shallow sleep 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細節(jié)題。由第二段 “An average night's rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep… This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours

23、a night -- and therefore inadequate REM sleep -- may be damaging their mind's ability to memorize:”可知，REM 睡眠包括四個或者五個階段，如果成年人睡眠少于七到八個小時，會傷害大腦的記憶力，故答案為C。 2. If you don’t sleep seven to eight hours at night very often, _______. A. you will tend to have longer periods of REM B. your strong memo

24、ries might be ruined C. you will have an adequate REM sleep D. your mind can form strong memories 答案解析：答案為B。本題為細節(jié)題。結(jié)合上題的分析可知，如果睡眠少于七到八個小時，記憶力會受到傷害。故答案為B。 3. The third paragragh is mainly about _______ of the most recent study. A. the process B. the results C. the partic

25、ipants D. the content 答案解析：答案為A。通讀第三段可知，本段是關于研究的過程。故答案為A。 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To explain the imortance of REM sleep to one’s memories B. To persuade readers to sleep seven to eight hours at night. C. To discuss the relationship between sleep and memories D. To introduce the new study on sleep and memories 答案解析：答案為D。本題考查作者的寫作目的。本文第一段引入了REM 睡眠對人的記憶力的影響，第二段對其進行了具體介紹，第三段介紹了研究的過程，最后一段對REM 睡眠作出了進一步的解釋，故答案為D，介紹一項睡眠和記憶的新研究。