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1、1.英語動詞加-ing,通常是在原形詞尾直接加-ing構成:cough—coughing,climb—climbing,stand—standing,fight—fighting
2.以-e結尾的動詞
(1)如果動詞原形以一輔音加一不發(fā)音的-e結尾,一般應去掉e再加ing:
write—writing,hope—hoping,care—caring,stare—staring,plane—planing,have—having,save—saving, produce—producing, breathe—breathing
(2)以-ie結尾的動詞應先將e去掉,將i變成y
2、然后再加-ing:
die—dying,tie—tying,vie—vying,lie—lying
(3)以-ee,-oe,-ye結尾的動詞加-ing時應保留詞尾e:
see—seeing,flee—fleeing,free—freeing,agree—agreeing,hoe—hoeing, dye—dyeing,eye—eyeing
(4)以-ue結尾的動詞大多應先去e再加-ing:
sue—suing,imbue—imbuing,construe—construing,pursue—pursuing,
rue—ruing
有時,詞尾e可去掉也可保留:
glue—g
3、luing或 glueing,cue—cuing或 cueing, blue—blueing或 bluing,
true—truing或trueing,clue—clueing或cluing
3.以一元音加一輔音結尾的動詞
(1)如果動詞最后一音節(jié)為重讀閉音節(jié),最后一個字母需要重復:
run—running, stop—stopping, hop—hopping, plan—planning,star—starring, control—controlling但輔音x是個例外,無需重復(x其實起著兩個輔音的作用):
tax—taxing,relax—relaxing
(2)
4、如果動詞最后一個音節(jié)為次重讀音節(jié),最后一個字母有時也重復:
kidnap—kidnapping或kidnaping,program—programming或programing
(3)如果動詞最后一個音節(jié)為非重讀音節(jié),最后一個字母大多無需重復:
open—opening,offer—offering,audit—auditing但在有些動詞中,重復或不重復均可:
worship—worshiping或 worshipping,focus—focusing或 focussing,cancel—canceling或cancelling,travel—traveling或travelli
5、ng
以非重讀的-el結尾的動詞加-ing時,英國英語習慣于重復詞尾l,而美國英語則習慣于不重復1。
4.若動詞以一元音加一半元音(y或w)結尾,可直接加-ing:
pay—paying, throw—throwing,follow—following, draw—drawing, employ—employing
5.以-ic結尾的動詞應先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing:
frolic—frolicking,panic—panicking,mimic—mimicking,picnic—picnicking,traffic—trafficking
這主要是為在動詞后加-ing之后保留/k/這個音。若不在字母c后加字母k而直接加-ing,字母 c的發(fā)音就不再是/k/,而是/s/: