2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 14 Festivals 人教版大綱第一冊.doc
《2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 14 Festivals 人教版大綱第一冊.doc》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 14 Festivals 人教版大綱第一冊.doc(9頁珍藏版)》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 14 Festivals 人教版大綱第一冊 I.單元知識點全覽 工欲善其事 必先利其器 高考須掌握的詞匯:1.a(chǎn)rgue 2.majority 3.probable 4.honourable 5.national 6.create 7.faithful 8.merce 9.simila rly1o.salutation 11.celebrate 12.respectful/respectable 13.foolish 14.inwte 高考須掌握的短語:1.up 2.in 3.on 4.in Ⅱ.考點過關(guān) 過關(guān)斬將 一馬平川 考點詳解 精剖細解 入巿三分 一、重點詞匯 1.symbol n.象征;符號;記號eg: In this picture the tree is the symbol of Iife and the snake is the symbol of evll. 這幅畫中樹是生命的象征,蛇是邪惡的象征。 相關(guān)鏈接:syrflbolic adj.象征(性)的;用符號表示的symbolism n.象征主義 symbolist n.象征派作家或藝術(shù)家 。 用法拓展;the symbol of………的象征the symbol f0 r…代表……的符號 案例剖析 旁征博引 舉一反三 考題1 (典型例題he lion is consid-ered the king of the forest as it is a(n) of courage and power. A.example B.signC. mark D. symbol 考題1點撥:答案為D。example例子;sign招牌,征兆,跡象!mark痕跡,記號;symbol象征。句意為:“獅子被認為是森林之王,因為它是勇氣和力量的象征。 2.0pinion n.意見;看法 eg:一His opinions are usually based on facts.他的看法通常有事實根據(jù)。 用法拓展:in one's opinion依照……的看法 have a good/bad/high/lOW opmion of有好感/惡感;評價 高/低 be of the opinion that.一認為/主張…… 考題2 ( 典型例題 分 ) my opinion, you should ask for his advice before you decide to have an opera- tion. A. In B. To C. For D. With 考題2點撥:答案為A。in one's opinion是固定詞組,表示“依照……的看法”。 3.honour(=honor)vt.尊敬;給以榮譽eg: Im honoured that you should notice me.你竟注意到我,我感到榮幸。 相關(guān)鏈接jhonour n.尊敬,敬重;榮譽,信譽 honourable adj.榮耀的,體面的用法拓展:in honour of出于對……的敬意,為了紀念…… a point of honour有關(guān)榮譽的事 do sb.the honour of domg sth.賞光給某人…… 考題3 ( 典型例題 分 ) Lei Feng Street, a newly built street in the city, was named Lei Feng. A. instead of B. by means of C. in favour of D. in honour of " 考題3點撥:答案為D。instead of代替;by means of通過……方式;in favour of贊同,支持;in honour of為了紀念……。句意為:“雷鋒街,這座城市剛建成的街道,是為了紀念雷鋒而命名的?!? . 4.purpose n.目的;意圖 eg: Did you e to London for the purpose of seeing your family,or for busihess purpose?你到倫敦來的目的是要來看望家人,還是為了公事? 用法拓展:on purpose故意地 to little/no/some/good purpose幾乎無/毫無/有些/有很好的結(jié)果或效果 考題4 (典型例題) Im sorry I stepped on your toe; it was an accident. --It wasn't. You did it A. for purpose B. with purpose C. on purpose D. to purpose 考題4點撥:‘答案為c。on purpose是固定詞組,表示“故意地”。5.gift n.禮物;天賦eg: He has a gift of speaking welI.他天生能說會道。 . 相關(guān)鏈接:gifted adj.有天才的;有才華的用法拓展:have a gift for sth.有……的天資 have a g.ft of doing sth.有做某事的天賦 考題5 The child has a gift music. A. gift ; for B. gifted; to C. gift ; to D. gifted; for 考題5點撥:答案為D。gifted adj.有天才的,有才華的,修飾child。have a gift for sth.有某方面的才華/天資。句意為,:“那個有才華的孩子有音樂方面的天資?!? 二、重點短語 6.dless up盛裝;打扮;裝飾eg: we dressed up forthe wedding.我們?yōu)閰⒓踊槎Y而盛裝打扮。. 相關(guān)鏈接:dress sb.up把某人打扮一番dres;sth.up(比喻)修飾;掩飾 be dressed in…穿著……的衣服 be well/poorly dressed穿著考究/破爛get dressed穿衣服 考題6 (典型例題分)On Christmas Day people walked about in the streets their best. A. and wear B. and put on C. dressed in D. to wear 考題6點撥:答案為c。此句中的謂語動詞為walked about。dressod in their best表示“穿著他們最好的衣服”,作方式狀語。句意為:“在圣誕節(jié),人們穿著他們最好的衣服在街上走動?!? 7.pIay a trjck on sb.開某人玩笑;欺騙某人eg: The children loved playing a trick on their teacher.小孩愛跟老師惡作劇。 考題7 (典型例題)What a nasty trick to play someone who is-supposed to be your friend. A. to B. for C. with D. on 考題7點撥:答案為D。play a trick on sb.開某人玩笑;欺騙某人。句意為:“對自己的朋友開這種玩笑太過分了。” 8.a(chǎn)s much as sb.can盡某人之力eg: We must do as much as we can to make our country better and more powerful.我們必須盡力使我們的國家更加美好,更加強大。 用法拓展:as+adj/adv+as sb.can盡某人之力…… 可用as+adj./adv.+as possible來替代。 eg: He ran as fast as he can.一He ran as fast as possible. 他拼命地跑。 考題8-1 (典型例題分)Bill is a good man,. kind and diligent. Don't be too hard on him. He's doing the job A. as good as he can B. as well as could C. as well as he can D. as good as possible 考題8-2 ( 典型例題 分 ) My friend promised to write to me when he got to Beijing. A. as fast as possible B. as possible as soon C. as quick as possible D. as soon as possible 考題8—1點撥:答案為C。后一句要用副詞well修飾動詞詞組do the job,故可排除A、D項,B項搭配不對,應為as well-as possi ble,所以C為正確選項。 考題8—2點撥:答案為D。B項搭配不對。A、c項中的fast、qurck在此句中修飾write to me均不合適,as soon as possible表示時間上盡快干某事。句意為:“我的朋友答應他到北京后會盡快給我來信?!笨偨Y(jié)提示:使用as+adj./adv.+as sb.can/possible句式時,妻先確定句式搭配正確,再確定用合適的形容詞或副詞與所修飾成分的搭配。 三、重點交際用語 9.本單元的重點交際用語是如何表達和支持某種觀點。注意以下的幾種表達: In my opinion, we should... I believe we should... I hope we can make a decision We must decide... If we do this, we can... I don't think it is necessary to... 考題9 (典型例題)--You can't finish "the book in less than an hour, I suppose! A. Yes, Im sure I can B. No, hardly C. Sorry, I can't D. t don't think I can 考題9點撥:答案為A。前面是表示否定的陳述句;后用Yes回答:意思是“不”,與Im sure I can相對應,表示不同意前者的觀點。 四、重點句型 10.The Day of the Dead is an ancient festival celebrated in Mexico. 亡人節(jié)是墨西哥的一個古老節(jié)日。 the dead已故的人,“the+形容詞”表示一類人,這一結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式。 eg: The young should respect the old.年輕人應該尊重老年人。 , The blind study in special schools.盲人在特殊學校學習。 用法拓展:the brave勇者the poor窮人the rich富人 the sick病人the living活著的人the wounded傷病員 the deaf and dumb聾啞人 the unemployed失業(yè)的人 考題10 The whole city in deep sorrow at the news and the old extremely sad. A. was; was B. were; were C, was; were D. were; was 考題10點撥:答案為c:the whole city指“整座城市”時,用單數(shù)謂語動詞,the old指“老年人”,用復數(shù)謂語動詞。句意為:“聽到這個消息,整座城市沉浸在悲痛之中,老年人尤其傷心。” ’ 五、詞語辨析 11.mon,ordinary mon指許多事物或人所共同具有的常見的性質(zhì);ordinary指由于與一般事物的標準或品質(zhì)相同而所具有普通的性質(zhì)。 eg: Colds are mon in winter.冬天感冒是很常見的。 I use ordinary gasoline.我使用普通汽油。 考題11 ( 典型例題 分 ) Whoever has sense knows that smoking is harmful to people's health. A. normal B. general C. ordinary D. mon 考題11點撥:答案為D。normal正常的,generaI通常的,。rdinary普通的,mon常見的。mon sense常識。句意為:“任何有常識的人都知道吸煙有害人的健康.” Ⅲ.浯法歸納 精通規(guī)則 游刃有余 情態(tài)動詞(二)must;have to;have got to的用法 1.must的用法總結(jié)歸納如下: 用法 must must not 例句 表示必要。 They must find out the new information as quickiy as poss’ble.他們必須盡快搞清新 的信息。 表示推斷或揣測,指極有 可能或不可避免,意為 “一定會;一定要;一定 是”。must后跟不定式的 一般式表示對現(xiàn)在情況 的猜測,must后跟不定式 的進行式表示對現(xiàn)在正 在發(fā)生或?qū)碚诎l(fā)生 的事情的推測,must后跟 不定式的完成式表示對 過去情況的猜測。 Hello.You must be Dr Yang.你好,你一定是楊博士吧。 You must be joking!你是在開玩笑吧! The doctor Manette tea“sed that the girl must have been badly treated. 曼奈特醫(yī)生意識到這女孩一定受到了虐待。 So she must have taken that too.那么她一定把那個也帶走了。 表示與說話人愿望相反 及不耐煩.意為“偏要”。 The machine must break down at this busy hour.正忙的時候,機器偏偏壞了。Why must you ask such silly questions?你為什么偏要問這些愚蠢的問題? 表示 禁止。 In some Asian countries·you must not touch the head of another person. 在一些亞洲國家,你絕對不可以觸摸另一個人的頭。 2.have to表示必須、應該(客觀需要);比must有更多的時態(tài)形式。 eg: I have to follow his advice.我得聽從他的建議。 I had to do some extra work last night. 昨天晚上我得加班。 3.have got to相當于have to,通常用于非正式文體中。 eg: I have got to go now.我現(xiàn)在得走了。 考題1 (典型例題-- return the dictionary within three days? --No, you You it for five days. A. May; needn't; can borrow B. Can; mustn't; would have C. Must; don't have to; can keep D. Shall; can't; should read 考題2 (典型例題)l promised to get there before 5 o'clock, but now the rain is pouring down. They for me impa-tiently. A. may wait B. ought to wait C. could wait D. must be waiting 考題3 (典型例題- you make so much noise?--Sorry, I’ll take care not to. A. Must B. Can C. May D. Would 考題1點撥:答案為c。在must問句中,否定回答用needn't或don't have to!有時間狀語for five days,就不可以與borrow連用,can表示許可。 考題2點撥:答案為D。must be waiting現(xiàn)在。一定在等待。must be doing表示對現(xiàn)在正在進行的情況的肯定推測。句意為:“我答應在5點鐘前到達.但現(xiàn)在雨下得正大,他們一定在不耐煩地等我?!? 考題3點撥;答案為,A。must表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩,意為“偏要……。句意為:。你俯要弄出這么大聲音嗎?"-對不起.我會注意不這樣了。 IV.專題探究由點及面 由表及里 專題探究:專題詳解: 短文改錯(Proofreading and Correcting),直譯為“校對并改正”,是借鑒美國大學入學考試(SAT)、托??荚?TOEFL)、研究生入學考試(GRE)和智謀考試(GMAT)等中的單句改錯和短文改錯題型演變而來的.高考中所選文章大多是關(guān)于日常生活和人物介紹的記敘文,偶爾也有應用文,如書信等。命題特征一般為更換詞6道,缺詞和多詞共3道,整行正確l道.即6:3:1。 考查內(nèi)容多以實詞為主,其中對動詞的.考查最多。動詞的考查分為:謂語動詞和非謂語動詞兩種。謂語主要考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致;非謂語動詞主要考查不定式、分詞和動名詞的使用及前后一致關(guān)系。代詞的考查有:各類代詞是否混淆或誤用,代詞前后是否指代一致.以及代詞的漏用(如關(guān)系代詞的漏用等)。冠詞的考查點為:單數(shù)名詞是否缺冠詞;復數(shù)名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞泛指時是否多冠詞;各類名詞特指時是否少了定冠詞;習慣用語或句型在使用中是否遺漏或添加了多余的冠詞。考查形容 詞或副詞,考點多為:形容詞、副詞的混淆使用??疾槊~,測試的重點為:名詞的數(shù),尤其是復數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則和名詞的用法。連詞的考點為:并列連詞和從屬連詞是否誤用,是否合乎邏輯。高考短文改錯中的介詞測試點為固定搭配或習慣用法中是否多余或漏掉介詞。 解題技巧與方法,一般也是“三遍法” 1.通讀全文,弄清短文大意。 不少考生在做短文改錯時,只把注意力集中在尋找語法錯誤和用詞的錯誤上,而忽視了對文章的通篇理解。造成判斷失誤。所以要首先弄清文章大意,理解上下文之間的關(guān)系,才能正確做題。 2.仔細推敲,考慮錯誤的可能存在形式.并加以改正。 3.復讀全文.檢查復核答案。 做完題后,應把短文重讀一篇,從意思和語言上再仔細推敲,檢查所改答案能否使全文流暢,用詞搭配是否正確,語法使用是否規(guī)范等。 V.考題類型一網(wǎng)打盡 驀然回首 燈火闌珊 回顧1 測試考點 6 (典型例題 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 1.A點撥:be dressed in…穿著……衣服.因前后主語一致,故省略了be。 回顧2 測試語法 (典型例題)children under 12 years of age in that country be under adult supervision when in a public library. A. must B. may C. can D. need 2.A點撥:must表示“必須”,是強制性的一種表達。 回顧3 測試語法(典型例題)John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 3.A點撥:must意為“偏要”。表示說話人的一種不滿情緒。 回顧4 測試語法 (典型例題分)According to the local regulations, anyone who intends to get a driver's license take an eye test. A. can B. must C. would D. may 4.B點撥:must必須,can能夠。would愿意,may可以。句意為“根據(jù)當?shù)氐囊?guī)定,任何人要想獲得駕駛執(zhí)照必須進行視力測試?!? 回顧5 測試語法 (典型例題--Who is the girl standing over there? --Well, if you know, her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall 5.C點撥:must必須,一定;may表示“可能性”.may know可能知道,與句子的意思矛盾;can能夠;shall用于第二人稱表示說話人的意圖。支配對方的行動,含有命令、恫嚇等語氣。句意為“哎,如果你非要知道,(那我就告訴你)她的名字叫美寶?!惫蔬xo。 VI.2011年高考題預測 高瞻遠矚 占盡先機 一、考情預測 年考情預測 預測 1:情態(tài)動詞must的用法 預測根據(jù):must是情態(tài)動詞中極為重要的一部分??杀硎颈匾cnot連用表禁止;用于表示肯定的推斷或揣測;可表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩,意為“偏要”。這幾點都是must使用中要注意的問題,也是高考考查的重點。 命題角度預測:對must以上幾個考點的考查會出現(xiàn)在單項選擇或完形填空題中,并會設置同類的一些情態(tài)動詞,要求考生針對所提供的語境進行選擇,選出適合所表意圖的情態(tài)動詞。 預測2:the+形容詞作主語 預測根據(jù):the+形容詞作主語表示一類人或物,應用復數(shù)的謂語動詞與之對應,這是主謂一致中一個重要的構(gòu)成部分.在高考題中也是一個熱點.但考生往往忽視這一點。 命題角度預測:the+形容詞作主語表示一類人或物,通常會在單項選擇或短文改錯題中出現(xiàn),這一點應引起考生在備考時的特別注意。 預測3:與dress有關(guān)的動詞詞組 預測根據(jù):dress是一個既可表動作又可表狀態(tài)的動詞,dress up,dress sb./oneself以及be dressed(in),get dressed都是高 考考查的重點。尤其是dress使用的靈活性.更易于在此點上靈活設題。 命題角度預測:與dress有關(guān)的搭配.會在單項選擇或完形填空中出現(xiàn)??忌绕湟⒁猓篸ress后不可接衣服而必須接s1).或 oneself,它也可單獨使用Ibe dressed(in)結(jié)構(gòu)不表被動而表示狀態(tài)這兩點,它們是高考設題最容易考查的問題。 預測4:如何表達和支持一種觀點 預測根據(jù):如何表達和支持一種觀點是在交際口語中經(jīng)常用到的知識,也是高考題中考查交際用語時常常要涉及的內(nèi)容。 命題角度預測:如何表達和支持一種觀點.使用交際用語In my opinion…;I hope…;I don't think it is necessary等時.常會置于聽力測試這一部分進行考查??忌鷦毡馗闱逭f話者對一種觀點持何態(tài)度,從表達的句式上判斷出說話者的意圖。 預測5:話題預測 本單元的中心話題是“節(jié)日”.具體涉及“節(jié)日的誕生”、“節(jié)日的主題”、“如何慶祝節(jié)日”、“習俗”等。語言技能和語言知識都是圍繞“節(jié)日”這一中心話題設計的。高考題與此話題有關(guān)的題目會出現(xiàn)在完形填空或閱讀理解部分.題目會涉及節(jié)日的起源、發(fā)展或慶祝方式。 二、考題預測 [備考1]測試考點4 - What's the of this trip? - To collect money for the Hope Project. A. reason B. purpose C. result D. meaning 1.B點撥:從后面的回答“為希望工程籌錢”可知,前者問此行的目的。 [備考2]測試考點 9 Would you do me a favour to give me a ride? A. Yes, that's right B. No trouble C. Never mind D. With pleasure 2.D點撥:With pleasure.十分樂意。 [備考3]測試考點 8 Talk less but try to do you can. A. so many as B. as many as C. as little as D. as much as 3.D 點撥:as much as you can相當于as much as possible。 [備考4]測試語法 --Must I finish the job in three hours? --No, you A. mustn't B. can't C. don't have to D. may not 4.C點撥:don't have to相當于needn't,用于must問句的否定回答。 [備考5]測試語法 --Why does Tom know so much about the Great Wall of China? --He have been there. A. ought to B. need " C. must D. can 5.C點撥:must have done表示對過去情況的肯定推測。 [備考6]測試考點 1 The cross is the of Christianity. A. symbol B. symbolic C. symbolism D. symbolize 6.A點撥:根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句中缺少一個名詞,而symbolic為形容詞,symbolize為動詞,symbolism雖然是名詞但不合句意,故選A。 [備考7]測試考點3 The president called on all the people should fight for the of the country. A. honouring B, honour C. honourable D. honoured 7.B點撥:“the honour of…”意為“…·的榮譽”。 [備考8]測試考點 5 She's always been able to learn languages easily; it's a A. gifted 15. gifting C. ability D. gift 8.D 點撥:句意為:“她學習語言一向是輕而易舉,這是天分?!? [備考9]測試語法 Johnny, you play with the knife. You hurt yourself. A. won't; can't B. mustn't: may C. shouldn't; must D. can't; shouldn't 9.B 點撥.mustn't表示禁止,意為:“千萬不要,一定別”。may表示可能性。 [備考10]測試考點 3 Washington. a state in the United States. was named one of the greatest American presidents. A. in honour of B. instead of C. in favour of D. by means of 10A 點撥:in honour of為了紀念……;instead of代替……;in favour of贊成/支持……lby means of通過……的方式。 [備考11]測試考點 9 Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday? A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldn't have done better 11.D l與撥此交際用語用來表示贊同前者所表達的觀點。句意為:“你認為我們的籃球隊員昨天表現(xiàn)得好嗎?~他們不可能比這做得更好了?!? [備考12]高考新題型:閱讀填空題 Man: ... and lastly this week I have some information about a course at the County College near Burnside, which might be of interest to .someone wanting a late-season break, or to groups. They tell me they have spaces on their County Sports courses the weekend after next. There are three courses that you might like to join: fishing, hill-walking, and rock-climb ing. So, quite a lot of variety there. The fishing is open to any one over the age of 12, and so is. the hill-walking: For the rock climbing you must be sixteen or older, for safety reasons. All these courses are really enjoyable. BURNSIDE COUNTY COLLEGE County Sports Weekends COURSE AGE Fishing 12+ (1) (2) Rock-climbing 16+ 12.(1)Hill-walking(2)12+- 配套講稿:
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