再接再厲共促發(fā)展——在二十

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1、 再接再厲 共促發(fā)展 __——在二十 ——在二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人第五次峰會上的講話中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤 2010 年 11 月 12 日，首爾 Build on Achievements and Promote Development Remarks by H.E. Hu Jintao President of the Peoples Republic of China At the Fifth G20 Summit Seoul, 12 November 2010

2、 尊敬的李明博總統(tǒng)， 各位同事： President Lee Myung-bak, Dear Colleagues, 專門快樂來到首爾參加二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人第五次峰會，同各位同事共 商促進經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇、推動世界進展大計。第一，我謹對李明博總統(tǒng)和韓國政 府為此次峰會所作的主動努力和周到安排表示衷心的感謝！對各國在上海 世博會的杰出展現(xiàn)表示誠摯的祝賀！ It gives me great pleasure to attend the fifth G20 summit in Seoul a n

3、d discuss with you the important subject of promoting economic recover y and world development. Let me begin by extending sincere thanks to P resident Lee Myung-bak and the ROK government for the active preparati ons and thoughtful arrangements they have made for the meeting. I would

4、 also like to take this opportunity to warmly congratulate all countries on their wonderful exhibition at Expo 2010 Shanghai China. 在二十國集團和國際社會共同努力下，世界經(jīng)濟正在緩慢復(fù)蘇，但總需求依舊不足，缺少新的經(jīng)濟增長點。各國經(jīng)濟政策目標有差異，宏觀經(jīng)濟政策和諧難度增大，世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇的脆弱性和不平穩(wěn)性進一步顯現(xiàn)。要緊發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體復(fù)蘇動力不足，失業(yè)率居高不下，財政和債務(wù)風險加大。新興經(jīng)濟風光臨資本大量流入、內(nèi)需不足、通脹風險上升等多重壓力。國際金融市

5、場起伏不定，要緊貨幣匯率大幅波動，大宗商品價格高位震蕩，愛護主義明顯增強。這表明，國際金融危機深層次阻礙仍在發(fā)酵，全球進展咨詢題更加突出。我們要本著對歷史、對以后負責的態(tài)度，站在愛護人類共同利益的高度，發(fā)揚同舟共濟精神，再接再厲，努力促進世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可連續(xù)、平穩(wěn)增長。 Thanks to the concerted efforts of the G20 and the entire internation al community, the world economy is slowly recovering. However, total de mand remain

6、s insufficient in the absence of new sources of growth. Coun tries differ in policy objectives, making macroeconomic policy coordinatio n even more difficult and global recovery even more fragile and uneven. Major advanced economies are plagued by sluggish recovery, high unempl oyment and greater

7、 fiscal and debt risks. Emerging economies are confron ted with the pressure of massive capital inflow, lagging domestic demand and rising inflation risks. International financial markets suffer from persist ent volatility, the exchange rates of major currencies fluctuate drastically, commodity pric

8、es hover at high levels, and protectionism is notably on th e rise. All this shows that the deep-seated impact of the international fina ncial crisis is still reverberating. Global development issues are more pron ounced. We must adopt an attitude responsible to history and the future,

9、bear in mind the common interests of mankind, build on what we have a lready achieved and continue to work in concert for strong, sustainable an d balanced growth of the world economy. 為實現(xiàn)這一目標，我愿提出以下建議。 To this end, I wish to make the following proposals: 第一，完善框架機制，推動合作進

10、展。促進世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可連續(xù)、平穩(wěn)增長，對世界具有重要意義。當前，世界經(jīng)濟正處于企穩(wěn)復(fù)蘇的關(guān)鍵時期，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟強勁增長是我們的首要任務(wù)。一年前，二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在匹茲堡峰會上決定建立強勁、可連續(xù)、平穩(wěn)增長框架，為包括發(fā)達國家和新興市場國家在內(nèi)的世界要緊經(jīng)濟體加大宏觀經(jīng)濟政策和諧構(gòu)建了重要平臺。當前，二十國集團正處于從應(yīng)對國際金融危機的有效機制向促進國際經(jīng)濟合作的要緊平臺轉(zhuǎn)變。我們應(yīng)該連續(xù)堅持成員國主導(dǎo)原則，充分考慮各國不同國情和進展時期，明白得并尊重各國選擇進展道路和進展政策的自主權(quán)。我們應(yīng)該連續(xù)完善和改進評估標準，強勁、可連續(xù)、平穩(wěn)增長三者同等重要，在標準制定和實施過程中要統(tǒng)籌兼顧、全面推進。

11、我們應(yīng)該完善框架，使框架從短期應(yīng)急向長效治理轉(zhuǎn)變，加大各國中長期政策和諧。我們應(yīng)該加大宏觀經(jīng)濟政策和諧，大力推動國際新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和科技合作，想方設(shè)法制造就業(yè)機會，支持進展中國家采取調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)、擴大內(nèi)需、增加出口等措施，促進各國經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢互補和互惠增長。只要我們堅持互利共贏的進展伙伴精神，推動世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可連續(xù)、平穩(wěn)增長的目標就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。 First, improve the Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced G rowth and promote cooperative development. Strong, sus

12、tainable and balan ced economic growth is of great significance to the whole world. As the world economy is at a critical juncture of stabilizing and recovering, achi eving strong growth is our primary task. A year ago, we decided at the Pittsburgh Summit to launch the Framework for Str

13、ong, Sustainable and B alanced Growth. This Framework is an important platform for major adva nced and emerging market economies to strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination. The G20 is now transforming from an effective mechanism in tackling the financial crisis to the premier forum for inter

14、national eco nomic cooperation. We should stick to the country-led principle, take into full account the different national circumstances and development stages of various members, and appreciate and respect each countrys independent choice of development path and policies. The assessmentcrit

15、eria should be further improved. Since strong growth, sustainable growth and balanced growth are equally important, we must give them equal attention and pu sh forward growth in a comprehensive way in the formulation and imple mentation of assessmentcriteria. We need to improve the Framewo

16、rk so t hat the Framework can shift its focus from emergency response to long-te rm governance and contribute to more effective medium- to long-term glo bal policy coordination. We should strengthen macroeconomic policy coord ination, energetically advance international cooperation in

17、 new industries a nd science and technology, employ every means to create jobs, and suppo rt developing countries in adopting measures to adjust economic structure, expand domestic demand and increase exports. We should encourage vari ous economies to draw on each others strengths for mutua

18、lly beneficial g rowth. As long as we remain committed to the spirit of mutually benefici al partnership for development, the goal of strong, sustainable and balance d global economic growth will be achieved. 第二，倡導(dǎo)開放貿(mào)易，推動和諧進展。以各國資源稟賦為基礎(chǔ)開展國 際分工和自由貿(mào)易，體現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟規(guī)律的客觀要求，順應(yīng)了經(jīng)濟全球化深入 進展的歷史潮流。世界近現(xiàn)代史

19、的進展歷程表明，貿(mào)易越是自由，世界就 越是進展；經(jīng)濟越是開放，進展就越是迅速。當前形勢下，我們應(yīng)該堅決 不移推進自由貿(mào)易，堅決不移恪守歷次峰會承諾，堅決不移反對各種形式 的愛護主義，取消已有的貿(mào)易愛護措施。我們應(yīng)該大幅減少各種貿(mào)易和投 資壁壘，持續(xù)擴大共同利益，通過平等對話妥善處理摩擦和分歧，取消對 高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口的不合理限制，共同營造自由開放、公平公平的全球貿(mào) 易環(huán)境；提倡和諧，不搞對抗，加大對話，擴大合作，為世界經(jīng)濟增長營 造良好環(huán)境，努力實現(xiàn)互利共贏。我們應(yīng)該把貿(mào)易和進展有機結(jié)合起來， 體現(xiàn)二十國集團以共同進展為導(dǎo)向、

20、以共同繁榮為己任的全球經(jīng)濟治理精 神。我們應(yīng)該恪守承諾，按照愛護多哈授權(quán)、鎖定已有成果、以現(xiàn)有談判 案文為基礎(chǔ)的原則，推動多哈回合談判早日取得全面均衡的成果，實現(xiàn)進 展回合目標，促進建立開放自由的全球貿(mào)易體制。 Second, champion open trade and promote coordinated development. To pursue international division of labor and free trade based on the reso urces endowment of individual c

21、ountries reflects the law of economics an d conforms to the historical trend of globalization. Modem world histoiy shows that freer trade brings greater development to the world and a mor e open economy leads to more rapid development. In the current situatio n, we must be firmly committed to

22、free trade, to the consensus reached a t previous G20 summits, and to the effort of opposing all forms of prote ctionism and removing existing trade protectionist measures.We should su bstantially reduce trade and investment barriers, broa

23、den common interests, properly handle frictions and differences through dialogue on an equal fo oting, lift unreasonable restrictions on high-tech exports and jointly foster a free, open, equitable and just global trading environment. We should en courage coordination, refrain from confrontation

24、and step up dialogue and cooperation so as to shape a favorable environment for global economic growth and win-win progress. We should coordinate trade and developmen t strategies to reflect the G20 spirit of global economic governance for co mmon development and shared

25、prosperity. We should honor our commitm ents and work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes at the Doha Ro und negotiations in order to attain the goals of the development round at an early date and establish an open and free global trading system. To do this, we should uphold the mandate of th

26、e Doha Round, lock in previou s achievements and work on the basis of the existing negotiating text. 第三，完善金融體系，推動穩(wěn)固進展。今年，世界銀行投票權(quán)和國際貨幣基金組織份額的兩項改革都取得了進展，應(yīng)該按照已確定的時刻落實到位。國際金融機構(gòu)改革是長期和動態(tài)的過程，份額和投票權(quán)改革只是一個起點，還有許多任務(wù)尚未完成。我們應(yīng)該連續(xù)推動以公平擇優(yōu)為原則選擇國際金融機構(gòu)治理層，提升進展中國家中高層治理人員比例，填補進展中國家在國際企融機構(gòu)制度框架中的治理缺口。我們應(yīng)該

27、推動國際貨幣基金組織加大資本流淌監(jiān)測預(yù)警，防止資金大進大出對單個經(jīng)濟體的破壞性沖擊。加大國際金融監(jiān)管應(yīng)該著眼于平穩(wěn)金融監(jiān)管和金融創(chuàng)新、政府干預(yù)、市場調(diào)劑的關(guān)系，致力于解決國際金融體系中存在的系統(tǒng)性、根源性咨詢題，使金融體系依靠、服務(wù)、促進實體經(jīng)濟進展；堅持高標準、嚴要求，跟蹤評估各成員執(zhí)行新監(jiān)管標準情形；加大對信用評級機構(gòu)、影子銀行體系和跨境資本流淌的監(jiān)管。我們應(yīng)該完善國際貨幣體系，建立幣值穩(wěn)固、供應(yīng)有序、總量可調(diào)的國際儲備貨幣體系，要緊儲備貨幣發(fā)行經(jīng)濟體應(yīng)該實施負責任的政策、保持匯率相對穩(wěn)固，增強新興市場國家和進展中國家應(yīng)對金融風險能力，緩和并逐步解決造成外匯流淌性風險的全然矛盾。

28、 Third, reform the financial system and promote stable development. B oth the World Bank voting power reform and the IMF quota reform have made progress this year, and what has been decided should be implemen ted within the agreed timeframe. The reform of international financial inst itutio

29、ns (IFIs) is a long and dynamic process. Quota and voting power ref orms are just a starting point and much remains to be done. We should c ontinue to push for fair and merit-based selection of the management of i nternational financial institutions, enable more people from developing

30、cou ntries to take up mid-level and senior management positions and redress t he underrepresentation of developing countries at the management level in the institutional framework of IFIs. We should support the IMF in its eff ort to strengthen the monitoring and early warning of capital flows a

31、nd p revent the destructive impact of large capital movement, both inward and outward, on individual economies. While tightening international financial supervision and regulation, we need to seek the right balance between fin ancial regulation and innovation, and between government interven

32、tion and market forces, and address the systemic and fundamental problems in the international financial system so that the system will become one that rel ies on, serves and buttresses the development of the real economy. We sh ould rigorously track and assess G20 members compliance with the n

33、ew regulatory standards. We should strengthen supervision and regulation over credit rating agencies, the shadow banking system and trans-border capita l flows. We should improve the international monetary system and build a n international reserve currency system with stable value, rule-based

34、 issua nce and manageable supply. The major reserve currency issuing economies should adopt responsible policies, maintain relative stability of exchange rates and help enhance the resilience of emerging market economies and developing countries against financial risks, thus easing and gradually

35、rem oving the fundamental problems behind foreign exchange liquidity risks. 第四，縮小進展差距，推動平穩(wěn)進展。世界經(jīng)濟進展不平穩(wěn)表現(xiàn)在方 方面面，最突出的是南北進展嚴峻失衡。深層緣故是國際秩序不公平、制 度不完善、機會不均等。從全然上講，沒有寬敞進展中國家充分進展就談 不上世界真正進展，沒有最不發(fā)達國家脫貧致富就談不上世界持久繁榮。 前不久，聯(lián)合國成功召開千年進展目標高級不會議，各方承諾努力克服困 難，全力推動實現(xiàn)千年進展目標。這是聯(lián)合國的莊重承諾，也是二

36、十國集團成員的共同責任。我們應(yīng)該建立更平等、更均衡的新型全球進展伙伴關(guān)系，促進發(fā)達國家和進展中國家相互明白得、相互和諧，幸免走相互指責、公布對立的老路；重視二十國集團宏觀經(jīng)濟政策對進展中國家的外溢效應(yīng)，著力推動南北合作，拓展利益交匯點，樹立以進展促增長、以合作抗風險的新進展理念；提升進展咨詢題在國際議程中的位置，從宏觀和戰(zhàn)略高度推動解決進展咨詢題。我們應(yīng)該支持聯(lián)合國及其專門機構(gòu)在國際進展合作中連續(xù)發(fā)揮重要作用，增強世界銀行等國際機構(gòu)進展職能，為國際進展合作提供堅實機制保證。我們應(yīng)該倡導(dǎo)和推廣新的進展方式，降低人為技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓壁壘，為寬敞進展中國家早日實現(xiàn)綠色進展和可連續(xù)進展制造條件。我們應(yīng)該共同推

37、動坎昆氣候變化大會連續(xù)堅持共同但有區(qū)不的責任原則，堅持“巴厘路線圖”雙軌談判機制和授權(quán)，堅持減緩、適應(yīng)、資金、技術(shù)并重，堅持公布透亮、廣泛參與、協(xié)商一致的談判方式，注意傾聽寬敞進展中國家呼聲，在哥本哈根氣候變化大會所取得成果基礎(chǔ)上，在《哥本哈根協(xié)議》政治共識指導(dǎo)下，進一步取得主動成果。 Fourth, narrow the development gap and promote balanced developme nt. Among the various imbalances in the world economy, the most promi nent is t

38、he serious development imbalance between the North and the Sou th. The underlying reason is that the international order is unfair, with ins titutional deficiencies and lack of equal access to opportunities. In the fin al analysis, without the full development of developing countries,

39、 there ca n be no genuine global development. And if the least developed countries remain in poverty, enduring global prosperity can only be empty talk. At the recent UN High-Level Plenary Meeting on the Millennium Developm ent Goals (MDGs), all parties committed to overcome difficulties an

40、d do everything possible to achieve the MDGs. This represents the solemn com mitment of the United Nations and the common responsibility of G20 me mbers. We must endeavor to build a new and more equal and balanced g lobal partnership and encourage developed and developing countries to h

41、a ve more mutual understanding and closer coordination rather than follow t he old path of trading accusations and public confrontation. We should pa y attention to the spillover effect of G20 macroeconomic policies on deve loping countries. We should make great efforts to promote North-South co

42、operation, expand common interests and embrace a new development conc ept that promotes growth through development and overcomes risks throug h cooperation. We should move development up on the international agen da and address the issue of development from a macro and strategic pers pective. We sho

43、uld support the United Nations and its specialized agencie s in continuing to play an important role in international development coo peration and strengthen the development function of the World Bank and other international institutions so as to provide strong institutional guarante e for intern

44、ational development cooperation. We should advocate new way s of development and reduce artificial barriers to technology transfer in or der to create conditions for developing countries to achieve green and sus tainable development at an early date. We should work together to ensure that th

45、e Cancun climate change conference will continue to follow the pr inciple of common but differentiated responsibilities and the dual-track ne gotiation mechanism and mandate of the Bali Roadmap. The Cancun conf erence should give equal importance to mitigation, adaptation, funding and technologi

46、cal support, adhere to the principle of openness, transparency, broad participation and consensus-building in conducting negotiations and pay more attention to the voice of developing countries. It should seek p ositive outcomes by building on the achievements of the Copenhagen conf erence and fol

47、lowing the guidance of the political consensus embodied in the Copenhagen Accord. 各位同事！ Dear Colleagues, 中國進展是世界進展的重要組成部分。改革開放以來，中國人民克服 困難、困難奮斗，減少了兩億多絕對貧困人口，解決了 13 億人的溫飽咨詢題，正在向著全面建設(shè)小康社會目標邁進。與此同時，中國盡己所能、向 其他進展中國家提供真誠無私援助，主動促進南南合作，努力為世界進展作出奉獻。

48、 進入 21 世紀第二個 10 年，中國進展進入新的歷史時期。我們按照國 內(nèi)外形勢進展變化，提出了加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟進展方式的戰(zhàn)略目標，重點加快調(diào)整國民收入分配結(jié)構(gòu)、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)、區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，加快推進科技創(chuàng)新，加快建設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、生態(tài)文明、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)、社會保證體系，努力推動經(jīng)濟社會和諧進展。為擴大內(nèi)需，中國采取了一系列政策措施，取得了 明顯成效。 2009 年，中國社會消費品零售總額增長 15.5%，最終消費帶動經(jīng)濟增長 4.1 個百分點，對經(jīng)濟增長的奉獻率回升到 45.4%。2010 年 1 月至 9 月，中國社會消費品零售總額增長 18.3%，內(nèi)需

49、對經(jīng)濟的拉動作用進一步增強。同期，中國進口額和出口額分不增長 42.4%和 34.0%，貿(mào)易順差同比下降 10.5%，外貿(mào)平穩(wěn)狀況和國際收支平穩(wěn)進一步改善。 With the advent of the second decade of the 21st century, Chinas de velopment has entered a new stage. In the light of changing domestic and external situation, we have set the strategic goal of accelerating th

50、e trans formation of economic development pattern. We will speed up efforts to a djust the income distribution structure, urban-rural development structure, r egional development structure and industrial structure, promote scientific a nd technological innovation, and develop modern agricultur

51、e, conservation culture, cultural industries and the social safety net to bring about balance d economic and social development. The series of policies and measures China adopted to boost domestic demand has produced notable results. In 2009, Chinas total retail sales rose by 15.5%.

52、Final consumption account ed for 4.1 percentage points in the economic growth rate. In other words, it contributed 45.4% to last years economic growth. In the first nine mo nths of this year, total retail sales in China grew by 18.3%, reflecting the greater role of domestic demand in economic gro

53、wth. In the same perio d, Chinas imports and exports were up by 42.4% and 34.0% respectively and trade surplus was down by 10.5% year-on-year, a demonstration of f urther improvement in foreign trade balance and international balance of p ayments. 中國差不多確立了今后 5 年進展的總體方向和戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)，我們將堅持 以科

54、學(xué)進展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟進展方式為主線，深化改革開放，保 證和改善民生，促進經(jīng)濟長期平穩(wěn)較快進展和社會和諧穩(wěn)固。轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟進 展方式、擴大內(nèi)需、改善民生將是我們推動經(jīng)濟社會進展的重點。我們將 圍繞增強居民消費能力、改善居民消費預(yù)期、培養(yǎng)壯大消費熱點、完善消 費環(huán)境等制定政策措施，加快調(diào)整國民收入分配格局，多渠道增加居民收 入，提升社會保證水平，逐步提升最低工資標準，擴大消費信貸，加大商 貿(mào)流通體系等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，促進居民消費連續(xù)較快增長，連續(xù)促進經(jīng)濟 增長向依靠消費、投資、出口和諧拉動轉(zhuǎn)變，實現(xiàn)全面和諧可連續(xù)進展， 為世界經(jīng)濟進展作出新的奉獻。

55、 China has identified the overall direction and strategic tasks of devel opment in the next five years. Staying committed to scientific developmen t and focusing on transforming the economic development pattern at a fas ter pace, we will deepen reform and opening up, ensure and improve pe

56、o ples livelihood and strive for sustained, stable and fast economic develop ment and social harmony and stability. Transforming the economic develo pment pattern, expanding domestic demand and improving peoples well-be ing will be our priority tasks in advancing economic and social dev

57、elopm ent. We will introduce policy measures to enhance peoples spending pow er, improve consumption expectations, cultivate areas of high consumer de mand and foster a better environment for consumption. We will expedite t he adjustment of income distribution pattern, increase peoples income thr

58、o ugh multiple channels, upgrade the level of social security and steadily ra ise the minimum wage. We will expand consumer credit and develop bett er commercial distribution infrastructure in order to achieve sustained and fast growth in consumer spending. We will continue with our e

59、ffort to shi ft the driver of economic growth to consumption, investment and export. All in all, we will strive for comprehensive, balanced and sustainable dev elopment and make new contributions to world economic development. 各位同事！ Dear Colleagues, 讓我們拿出百倍的勇氣和聰慧，攜手并肩，團結(jié)向前，共同推動世界全面進展，共同開創(chuàng)人類美好改日！ Let us show greater courage and wisdom and work hand-in-hand for the all-round development of the world and a better future for mankind. 感謝大伙兒。 Thank you.