高考英語(yǔ) 第二部分 模塊復(fù)習(xí) 完形微技能 解答完形填空的三大策略課件 北師大版.ppt

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詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)和邏輯推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，領(lǐng)會(huì)和掌握這三大策略對(duì)提高完形填空的解題速度和準(zhǔn)確率都大有裨益。 1、詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn) 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)是指意義上相關(guān)的詞匯出現(xiàn)在同一語(yǔ)篇上，構(gòu)成了以某一話題為中心的詞匯鏈，也有人稱之為語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)。,解答完形填空的三大策略,2、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn) 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)指某一個(gè)詞以原詞、同根詞、同義詞、反義詞(如wrong, not correct )、上義詞、下義詞等方式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中，語(yǔ)篇中的句子正通過這種復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系以達(dá)到相互銜接。,3、邏輯推理 在做完形填空時(shí)許多考生都會(huì)有這樣的經(jīng)歷，即使他們對(duì)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的每個(gè)詞的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁湛疾榈氖且环N綜合能力，不但是對(duì)詞匯的考查，而且對(duì)句子間和上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的推斷也是完形填空考查的重點(diǎn)。其中邏輯關(guān)系主要包括因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系等。,[例1] If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice. However, if you remove two, the bird generally leaves. This means that the bird knows the _____between two and three. A. distance B. range C. difference D. interval 解析：C 通過對(duì)上文兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比，“從四個(gè)蛋中拿走一個(gè)，鳥兒不會(huì)注意到”和“從四個(gè)蛋中拿走兩個(gè)，鳥兒就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)”可推斷出鳥兒是能知道“二”和“三”的區(qū)別，故選C。,C,[例2] For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a ________group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are often fooled. A. single B. small C. local D. new 解析：B 從表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞But可知，上句和下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下句提到“當(dāng)數(shù)量超過三或四時(shí)，孩子就往往被愚弄到”，換句話說“數(shù)量較少時(shí)，孩子會(huì)注意到了”，故選B。,B,請(qǐng)用上述三大策略解答下列各題。 1. (2013全國(guó))Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets ________ him, especially those who are poor. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after 解析：A ，邏輯推理。從上文可知“Greenberg是一個(gè)很受歡迎的人”，可推斷“街上的人都認(rèn)識(shí)他”。故選A。,即學(xué)即用,2. (2013全國(guó)) He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase（公文箱）. But he’s ________. His briefcase always has some gloves. A. calm B. different C. crazy D. curious 解析：B ，邏輯推理。上文提到 “他像其他商人一樣，穿著西裝，帶著公文箱”，但是“公文箱里總是裝著幾雙手套”，由此可推出他是不一樣的。故選B。,3. (2013全國(guó))A pair of gloves may be a _______ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting 解析：A ，邏輯推理。由線索詞but推出，這里應(yīng)選與下文big相對(duì)應(yīng)的small。故選A。,4. (2013全國(guó)) In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not ________ like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and hurry down the street. A. act B. sound C. feel D. dress 解析：A，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。由下文look at the sidewalk和 hurry down the street可知，look和hurry屬于個(gè)人的行為表現(xiàn)， 故選A，act和look, hurry是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。,5. (2013全國(guó))It runs in the________. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. A. city B. family C. neighborhood D. company 解析：選B，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)中family是下文中提到Michael’s father的上義詞，即上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B。,6. (2013江蘇)That was why she was alone on the ________, wearing an expensive swimsuit. It had taken a massive tantrum to get her parents to buy it. They were back at the beach-house… A. beach B. bed C. floor D. ship 解析：A ，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。下文所提到的“swimsuit”和“beach-house”與選項(xiàng)中的“beach”屬于詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選A。,7. (2013天津) His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and ________, putting others first. A. careful B. regretful C. considerate D. humorous 解析：C，近義復(fù)現(xiàn)。與下文putting others first意義相近的應(yīng)該是considerate，故選C。,8. (2013山東)When she died, I was ________, but I was also very grateful to her. A. homeless B. heartbroken C. bad-tempered D. hopeless 解析：B 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。上文提到的“die”與選項(xiàng)中的“heartbroken”詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，故選B。,9. (2013重慶) On that afternoon, as the math teacher started to introduce difficult concepts, dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in…Soon math time was followed by the time for (1) ________. All children naturally drew (2)________pictures on such a day. (1) A. class B. sports C. art D. tea (2) A. great B. dark C. different D. strange,解析：前空選C，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文中提到的“drew picture”與選項(xiàng)中的“art”屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選C。 后空選B ，邏輯推理。上文中的場(chǎng)景提到“dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in”，在這樣的天氣，孩子自然而然地會(huì)畫出暗淡的圖畫。故選B。,10. (2013山東)I think my change started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my ________ and be left alone. A. balance B. homework C. degree D. interest 解析：C， 詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。由上文的場(chǎng)景at Palomar College可知，我只想取得自己的學(xué)位，詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)。故選C。,11. (2013 山東) By the end of my first semester，I was really________ . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty 解析：B， 邏輯推理。由下文可知，每個(gè)人除了我都交上了朋友并玩得很開心，由此可推出我沒有交上朋友，可見我是孤獨(dú)的，故選B。,12. (2013 天津) When Joe was about to start school，all signs pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite________ . A. unfair B. boring C. disappointing D. dangerous 解析：C，邏輯推理。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞yet推出，選項(xiàng)中disappointing與上文success相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C。,13. (2013 湖南)When I was 8 years old，I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase (1)____and some sandwiches in a bag， I started for the front door and said to Mom，“I’m leaving. ” “ If you want to (2) _____，that’s all right，” she said. (1) A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired (2) A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away,解析： (1) A，邏輯推理。由語(yǔ)境run away from home可知，我離家出走，肯定要打包行李。故選A。 (2) B，邏輯推理。上文提到“run away”，本空格屬 于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D。,14. (2013 湖南)“Wait a minute，” Mom said. “I want your _______ back. You didn’t wear anything when you arrived. ” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off—shoes， socks，underwear and all. A. bag B. clothes C. sandwiches D. suitcase 解析：B，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文提到clothes，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)， 故選 B。,15. (2013 湖南) I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly. “ Who’s there?” I heard. “It’s Billy! Let me in! ” The voice behind the _______answered， “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home. ” A. house B. tree C. door D. yard 解析：C，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。上文提到了door有人敲門，接著就是門后的人回答，本空格屬于詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。,16. (2013 天津)His hands tell the story of his life as a______，including all his struggle. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last order from the grocery. A. teacher B. gardener C. farmer D. grocer 解析：C，邏輯推理。由下文的場(chǎng)景picking sweet corn可知，爸爸是一個(gè)農(nóng)民，故選C。,17. (2013 遼寧).and all of a sudden she saw an amazing _________. There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden. A. hill B. valley C. background D. sight 解析：D ，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的sight是下文提到的valley，house，windows的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選 D。,18.( 2013 四川)There， I met 14-year-old Stephanie，whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so______ that she never lets anyone put her down. honest B. strong C. active D. young 解析：B , 邏輯推理。由下文提到she never lets anyone put her down，可推出Stephanie很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，故選B。,19. (2013 陜西)We ordered hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our _____came，I started walking towards an empty table. food B. turn C. bill D. menu 解析：A ，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)中的food是上文提到的hamburgers和Coca Cola的上義詞，即是上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。,20. (2013 安徽)Becoming fluent in a language will take years， but learning to get by takes______. A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more 解析：B， 邏輯推理。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞but推出，選項(xiàng)中的a lot less與上文提到的take years相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選B。,