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1、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)初中階段初中階段8種時(shí)態(tài)：種時(shí)態(tài)：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語+vt/be+賓語賓語+其他其他2.一般過去時(shí)：主語一般過去時(shí)：主語+vted/bewas,were+賓語賓語+過去的時(shí)間狀語過去的時(shí)間狀語3.一般將來時(shí)：主語一般將來時(shí)：主語+will+do動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形】賓語賓語+將將來的時(shí)間狀語來的時(shí)間狀語4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語+be+ving+now5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí):主語主語+was/were+ving6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):主語主語+has/have+vted+其他其他7.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí):主語主語+had+vted+其他其他8
2、.過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí):主語主語+would+do動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形】賓語賓語+將來的時(shí)間狀語將來的時(shí)間狀語初中階段8種時(shí)態(tài)：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):1.表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.e.g.They often spend their holidays in the south.常搭配的時(shí)間狀語常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:always often usually sometimes seldom never from time to time now and then(偶爾偶爾)every day every.once a week 2.表示狀態(tài)表示狀態(tài):e.g.He is busy
3、 at the moment.3.表示客觀真理表示客觀真理,諺語諺語,格言格言.e.g.The sun sets in the west.(1)一般4.用與時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中用與時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中,代替一般將來時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí):e.g.I will be happy if you all come.We will go when he comes.(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.e.g.He is walking towards the plane.2.表示目前一階段正在進(jìn)行表示目前一階段正在進(jìn)行(但說話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)但說話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行行)的
4、動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作:e.g.We are writing a paper these days.4.用與時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中,代替一般將來時(shí):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別1.進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,而現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的而現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常和反復(fù)經(jīng)常和反復(fù),或特征或特征,這類動(dòng)作沒有時(shí)間性的這類動(dòng)作沒有時(shí)間性的.2.某些表示感官知覺的動(dòng)詞如某些表示感官知覺的動(dòng)詞如:see,hear,smell,taste等表示感覺等表示感覺,用一般時(shí)用一般時(shí),不用進(jìn)行時(shí)不用進(jìn)行時(shí).e.g.Do you see a plane in the sky?注意注意:1)feel
5、 可以用一般時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)可以用一般時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)的感覺的感覺:e.g.I am not feeling well today.How are you feeling today?I feel tired.2)see,hear 有相應(yīng)表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞有相應(yīng)表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞 look at/listen to,這些詞可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)這些詞可以用進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別 比較比較:Do you see a map on the wall?He is looking at a map on the wall.I hear a strange noise from the car en
6、gine.He is listening to the music.3.有些表示有些表示狀態(tài)或心理感覺狀態(tài)或心理感覺的動(dòng)詞一般不用現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)詞一般不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí),而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示狀態(tài)或感覺狀態(tài)或感覺,如如 love,like,hate,want,need,wish,know(知道知道),understand(懂得懂得),remember(記得記得),believe,guess(認(rèn)為認(rèn)為),mean(意味著意味著),think(認(rèn)認(rèn)為為),feel(認(rèn)為認(rèn)為),fit(合適合適),find(認(rèn)為認(rèn)為),show(表明表明),have(有有)e.g.I hope you w
7、ill enjoy your meal.I want to visit them tomorrow.比較:Do you see a map on the4.當(dāng)有些感覺動(dòng)詞詞義轉(zhuǎn)變當(dāng)有些感覺動(dòng)詞詞義轉(zhuǎn)變,成為表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞成為表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞時(shí)時(shí),可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用進(jìn)行時(shí):e.g.Now I see the liquid in the glass has turned red.He is seeing his friend off at the airport.I think they will come.We are all thinking hard.The report shows the
8、problem is serious.He is showing them around our school.4.當(dāng)有些感覺動(dòng)詞詞義轉(zhuǎn)變,成為表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞時(shí),可以用進(jìn)Exercise:1.Water _(freeze)at the temperature 0.2.The air _(keep)moving all the time.3.The town _(lie)to the west of the hill.4.I _(believe)you _ tell the truth now.5.-_ my son _(work)hard this term?-Oh,yes,he _(try)
9、his best now.6._ the hat _(fit)me well?7.What has happened to the fish,Mary?-Mum,the cat _(eat)the fish.Just now the cat _(jump)onto the table and _(eat)it up.8.Sam _(live)in the small town for five years during the war.9.It is ages since I last _(see)you.You _(grow)taller.10.He wont tell us where h
10、e _(get)the book.freezeskeepsliesbelieve are tellingIs working is tryingDoes fit has eatenjumpedate lived saw have growngotExercise:freezeskeepsliesbelie (3)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 1.表示過去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作表示過去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作.e.g.I reviewed my lessons last night.注意注意:1)有時(shí)句中雖然有時(shí)句中雖然沒有表示確定過去沒有表示確定過去時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)間的狀語,但根據(jù)上下文情景可以推斷出是
11、過但根據(jù)上下文情景可以推斷出是過去發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作去發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作,此時(shí)也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)此時(shí)也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí) e.g.I was sorry to learn of your illness.I didnt know he was your father.2)描述已故之人的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)用一描述已故之人的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí).e.g.Edison invented the electric light.2.表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.e.g.Peter often played basketball when he was in college.(3)一般3.表示主語
12、過去的狀態(tài)或特征表示主語過去的狀態(tài)或特征.e.g.It was rainy last week.He was a taxi driver years ago.4.在時(shí)間在時(shí)間,條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時(shí)條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時(shí).e.g.He would give her the book if he saw her.(4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.表示過去表示過去某一時(shí)刻某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.e.g.He was doing shopping this time yesterday.We were having a discussion at that time.2.表示過
13、去表示過去某一階段某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.3.表示主語過去的狀態(tài)或特征.(4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.表示過去表示過去某一時(shí)刻某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.e.g.He was doing shopping this time yesterday.We were having a discussion at that time.2.表示過去表示過去某一階段某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.e.g.Peter was playing chess the whole afternoon yesterday.We were having a meeting from nin
14、e to eleven yesterday.3.用與用與 when,while,as引導(dǎo)的表示過去的從句引導(dǎo)的表示過去的從句:(注意注意,這樣的動(dòng)詞這樣的動(dòng)詞必須可以持續(xù)必須可以持續(xù))e.g.While I was watching TV,the telephone rang.(4)過去進(jìn) As we were leaving,some of our friends arrived.When we were playing in the playground,it began to rain.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別:過去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某時(shí)刻或階段動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過去
15、進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某時(shí)刻或階段動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行,不表明動(dòng)作的完成不表明動(dòng)作的完成,而一般過去時(shí)表示過去某動(dòng)而一般過去時(shí)表示過去某動(dòng)作已發(fā)生作已發(fā)生,表明動(dòng)作已完成表明動(dòng)作已完成.e.g.He was writing a composition last night.(作文不一定完成作文不一定完成)He wrote a composition last night.(作文肯定作文肯定寫完了寫完了)As we were leaving,some o (5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I.構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞II.用法：用法：1.表示說話前某一個(gè)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作之結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)表示說話前
16、某一個(gè)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作之結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在的在的影響影響。e.g.I have already sent him a card.They have bought a new house.常用的時(shí)間狀語：常用的時(shí)間狀語：already,just,yet 2.表示從過去某一時(shí)間持續(xù)到說話時(shí)為止的動(dòng)作表示從過去某一時(shí)間持續(xù)到說話時(shí)為止的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或狀態(tài)，常與常與 “for+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段”或或“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的時(shí)間狀語連用。的時(shí)間狀語連用。e.g.We have learned English for about three years.He has been here since last te
17、rm.(5)現(xiàn)在完 III.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：1)完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的結(jié)果和影響；而完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的結(jié)果和影響；而一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式等，等，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。e.g.I have just had breakfast.I had breakfast a moment ago.(時(shí)間）時(shí)間）I have finished my homework.I finished my home at home.（地點(diǎn)）（地點(diǎn)）2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的持續(xù)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)到說話）現(xiàn)在完
18、成時(shí)表示的持續(xù)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)到說話時(shí)為止，時(shí)為止，與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，而一般過去時(shí)表示的持而一般過去時(shí)表示的持續(xù)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某段時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，續(xù)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某段時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。系。III.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：e.g.The Greens have stayed in China for a year.The Greens stayed in China for a year during the war.I have learned computer for some time.I learned computer for some time while
19、in middle school.e.g.The Greens have staye IV.不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞與可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞與可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞1）常見的詞：）常見的詞：leave die put on fail ill be away be dead wear be ill borrow catch a cold buy join the army keep have a cold have be in the army2)不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能與不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能與“for+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段”或或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用，應(yīng)改用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。連用，應(yīng)改用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。I have bought a ca
20、lculator.I have bought the calculator for a week.I have had the calculator for a week.IV.不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞與可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞 e.g.He has had the watch for a month.He bought the watch a month ago.My brother has been in the army for a year.My brother joined the army one year ago.但是：但是：不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)可以與可以與”for+時(shí)時(shí)間段間段”
21、或或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用。連用。e.g.I havent met my teacher of English for a year.We havent met each other since he left.e.g.He has had the watch f 3)till/until 用法用法 可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞+till/until :“某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到”not+不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞不可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞+till/until:“直到直到才才”e.g.I will stay until he comes.I wont leave until he comes.V.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)特例
22、：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)特例：It is+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+since e.g.It is two days since he left.It is six weeks since they came here.It is about a year since they joined the army.3)till/until 用法 (6)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)I.構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞II.表示過去的過去表示過去的過去III.常用與：常用與：1）搭配時(shí)間狀語：）搭配時(shí)間狀語：by/by the end of +過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) before+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) e.g.
23、by the end of last term by five o clock (過去過去)before he moved here 2）主句是過去時(shí)的從句）主句是過去時(shí)的從句 e.g.He said that he had been a worker for five years.(6)過去完成時(shí) 3)根據(jù)上下文情景來體現(xiàn)：根據(jù)上下文情景來體現(xiàn)：I met Mary in the street one morning.She had changed greatly.I met Peter yesterday.We hadnt seen each other for five years.3)根據(jù)上下文情景來體現(xiàn)：
初三英語復(fù)習(xí)《動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)》PPT課件
