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2019年高考總復(fù)習(xí) 語言基礎(chǔ)知識 考點歸納拓展 Module 6 Animals in Danger 外研版必修5 struggle n．&v.掙扎；斗爭；抗爭 [經(jīng)典例句]His hands tell the story of his life as a farmer, including all his struggles.(xx天津完形填空) 他的雙手講述了他一個農(nóng)民的生活的故事，包括他的所有奮斗。 struggle for...　為……而斗爭 struggle against/with... 同……作斗爭 struggle to do sth 掙扎著/努力做某事 struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來①They were struggling to get out of the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燃燒著的車里往外爬。 ②We have to struggle against all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad. 我們必須和來自國內(nèi)外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。 ③She ____________ and continued walking. 她掙扎著站起來，繼續(xù)走。 答案　③struggled to her feet 名師點睛 struggle with有兩個意思：一是與……斗爭，雙方是敵我關(guān)系；二是和……并肩戰(zhàn)斗，雙方是朋友關(guān)系。使用時要根據(jù)語境而定。 wonder n．奇跡，奇觀；驚訝，驚奇v.想知道，對……感到驚奇，對……感到疑惑 [經(jīng)典例句]Hes starting to wonder whether he did the right thing in accepting this job. 他現(xiàn)在開始懷疑自己接受這份工作是否正確。 (1) (2) ①I wonder if you could give me some advice on how to learn English. 我想知道您是否能給我一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語的建議。 ②We are wondering about next month for the wedding.我們正考慮著下個月舉行婚禮。 ③________ the modern highspeed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines. 難怪現(xiàn)代高鐵正從航空公司贏回它們的乘客。 答案?、跱o wonder that 【巧學(xué)助記】 語境填詞 ④The girl ________ in front of the Great Pyramid，one of the ________ of the world，________ how it was built.(wonder)這個女孩在世界奇跡之一的大金字塔前徘徊，想知道它是怎樣建成的。 答案　④wanders；wonders；wondering protect vt.保護；防護；防御 [經(jīng)典例句]The number of them is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take some effective measures to protect them.(xx重慶書面表達) 它們的數(shù)量不足1,000，因此我希望你們能采取有效措施來保護它們。 (1)protect...from / against...保護……免受…… (2) ①Applying sun cream can protect your body from the sun.抹涂防曬霜可以保護身體不受陽光刺激。 ②Hes devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他終生獻身于珍稀動物的保護。 【易混辨析】 protect 一般指借用東西來保護、防御，使人或物免受危害 defend 指對緊急危機或侵襲采取武力手段來防御 guard 指小心謹慎地對可能的危險進行防御，以維護安全，含警戒之意 語境填詞 ③The entrance to the building is well ________. ④We must take measures to ________ the environment against pollution. ⑤He ________ me from a drunken man. 答案?、踘uarded　④protect?、載efended 【巧學(xué)助記】 focus n．焦點；集中點；焦距v.(使)聚焦；(使)集中 [經(jīng)典例句]You must try to focus your attention on work and study. 你必須努力把注意力集中在工作和學(xué)習(xí)上。 (1)focus on/upon sth/sb集中注意力于某物/某人 focus ones attention/eyes on　注意力集中于 (2)in focus 焦距對準，清晰 out of focus 焦距沒對準，模糊 ①If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.如果你想模仿某人，要看他們的才華，而不是他們不好的性格或無法接受的行為習(xí)慣。 ②The childrens faces are badly ________ in the photograph.照片上孩子們的臉模糊不清。 答案　②out of focus 【巧學(xué)助記】 [集 訓(xùn) 中 心] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．If unemployment continues to rise，social stability may be e________. 2．Her beauty makes her the f________ of attention. 3．Jim went to answer the phone.M________Peter started to prepare lunch. 4．One of the c________of the job is that you should be able to drive. 5．Running your own business usually ________(涉及)working long hours. 6．Dinosaurs have been ________(絕種的)for millions of years. 7．These rare tigers are ________(保護)by special laws. 8．Its a ________(奇跡)that more people werent hurt. 答案　1.endangered　2.focus　3.Meanwhile　4.conditions　5.involves　6.extinct　7.protected　8.wonder Ⅱ.單項填空 1．If we ________ sunlight ________ a dry leaf with a piece of glass, it may start burning. A．work; out B．carry; out C．focus; on D．concentrate; on 答案　C　[句意：如果我們用一面鏡子把陽光聚焦于一片枯葉，它就會開始燃燒。focus...on...使……聚焦于，符合句意。work out算出，解出；carry out執(zhí)行，進行；concentrate on專注于。] 2．—Use my umbrella to ________ yourself from the rain，will you? —Thats very kind of you. A．prevent B．keep C．rescue D．protect 答案　D　[prevent sb from doing sth＝keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事；rescue sb from從……中把某人拯救出來，使某人免遭危險；protect sb from使……免于……。由語境知D項符合。] [核 心 短 語] stand for代表；支持；主張；容忍 [經(jīng)典例句]As we all know, the dove stands for peace.眾所周知，鴿子代表著和平。 stand out　　　　　　　　突出，顯眼，杰出 stand by 袖手旁觀，無動于衷 cant stand sb/sth/doing sth 不能忍受某人/某事/做某事 ①The new road sign is easy to read，the words standing out well.新路標容易辨認，上面的字很醒目。 ②How can you ________ and let him treat his dog like that? 他那樣虐待他那只狗，你怎么能袖手旁觀呢？ 答案?、趕tand by 【巧學(xué)助記】 [集 訓(xùn) 中 心] Ⅰ.選詞填空 1．Everyone should ____________ the future of his own country. 2．In flat open country there is plenty of grass for the cattle ____________. 3．The letters WTO ____________ the World Trade Organization. 4．The government of China is ____________ those who want to separate Taiwan from China. 5.We have asked the neighbours to ____________ the house for us while we are away. 6．Satisfied，the couple ____________ the Richer Family Foundation and got to work. 答案　1.be concerned about　2.to feed on　3.stand for 4．getting tough with　5.keep an eye on　6.set up Ⅱ.單項填空 He has been acting very strangely these days.I cant ________ his actions at all. A．a(chǎn)sk for B．a(chǎn)pply for C．call for D．stand for 答案　D　[句意：這些天來他行為一直很古怪，我根本無法忍受他的行為。ask for“要求”；apply for“申請；請求”；call for“要求”；stand for“忍受”。故選D。] Ⅲ.單句改錯 1．He struggled on his feet and left without a word.________. 2．With his attention focusing on the book he was reading，he didnt notice what had happened.________. 答案　1.on―→to　2.focusing―→focused [核 心 句 型] But today the government seems to be winning the battle.但是現(xiàn)在政府好像正要贏得這場戰(zhàn)斗。 句中“...seems to be winning the battle ”為“seem ＋to be doing”的用法。 ①She seemed to be sleeping when the teacher came in. 當老師進來時她好像在睡覺。 (1)seems (to be)＋adj. /n./介詞短語/分詞，表示“好像……/看上去好像……”。 (2)seem＋to do/to have done/to be doing，表示“好像要做……/已做了……/正在做……”。 (3)It seems/seemed that...，表示“好像……(用陳述語氣)”。 (4)It seems as if/though...表示”看上去好像……(從句可用虛擬語氣)”。 ②Lucy seems (to be)a very stubborn woman. 露西像是個非常固執(zhí)的女人。 ③The green leaves seemed(to be) more beautiful after the rain.綠葉在雨后顯得更美。 ④The young man seemed ____________. 這個年輕人看起來變化很大。 ⑤It seems that she is thinking. (＝She seems to be thinking.)她好像在思考什么。 ⑥It seemed as if they ________ in the end. 看來他們好像終于要結(jié)婚了。 答案　④to have changed much?、辸ould marry [集 訓(xùn) 中 心] Ⅰ.完成句子 1．Susan ________________. 蘇珊像是個非常明智的人。 2．____________ this is his most important novel. 我覺得這好像是他最重要的小說。 3．It seems ________________ except me. 看上去好像除了我之外別人都知道此事。 答案　1.seems (to be) a very sensible person　2.It seems to me that　3.as if everybody else knew about it Ⅱ.單項填空 I feel a bit cold. I seem ________ a cold. A．to catch B．having caught C．to have caught D．catching 答案　C　[seem后跟動詞不定式。句意：我感覺有點冷，我好像已經(jīng)感冒了。感冒動作要早于感覺冷這個動作，所以由句意可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。] [單 元 語 法] 復(fù)習(xí)定語從句 1．(xx綿陽二診)This is a kind of traditional classroom teaching ________ students are taught a lot about grammar rules. A．where B．which C．what D．when 答案　A　[考查定語從句。句意：這是一種傳統(tǒng)的課堂教學(xué)，在這堂課上學(xué)生被教了很多語法規(guī)則。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句在從句中作地點狀語。] 2．(xx濟南高三鞏固性訓(xùn)練)Suddenly I heard a man shouting at a driver, ________ car was blocking the street. A．which B．whose C．of whom D．of which 答案　B　[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，a driver是先行詞，后面的定語從句中缺少定語，故用whose引導(dǎo)，指代the drivers。另外，此處也可用of whom the car或the car of whom結(jié)構(gòu)。] 3．(xx山東濰坊五校高三下期中)The air quality in our city，________ is shown in the chart, has declined over the last three months. A．that B．it C．a(chǎn)s D．what 答案　C　[考查定語從句。句意：正如圖表所示，我們城市的空氣質(zhì)量在過去的三個月中有所下降?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限定性定語從句，指代主句的內(nèi)容，且從句位于主語與謂語之間，應(yīng)用as引導(dǎo)，故答案為C。] 4．(xx長沙模擬)Between the two classes there is a break, ________ we can have a short rest. A．then B．where C．when D．which 答案　C　[考查定語從句。句意：兩節(jié)課中間有個課間休息時間，那時我們可以短暫休息?！癬_______ we can have a short rest”是非限定性定語從句，空處在定語從句中作時間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。]