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1、專題:反意疑問句專題:反意疑問句 反意疑問句反意疑問句由一個(gè)陳述句加上一個(gè)簡短但意由一個(gè)陳述句加上一個(gè)簡短但意思相反的一般疑問句構(gòu)成的,即思相反的一般疑問句構(gòu)成的,即在陳述句之后,附加上一個(gè)簡短在陳述句之后,附加上一個(gè)簡短的提問,對(duì)前面所陳述的內(nèi)容提的提問,對(duì)前面所陳述的內(nèi)容提出疑問,要求對(duì)方給予證實(shí)。請(qǐng)出疑問,要求對(duì)方給予證實(shí)。請(qǐng)看例句:看例句: Its very cold today, isnt it 今天天氣很冷,不是嗎今天天氣很冷,不是嗎?基本結(jié)構(gòu):基本結(jié)構(gòu): 陳述句逗號(hào)簡短的陳述句逗號(hào)簡短的一般疑問句。一般疑問句。 前肯后否式。例如:前肯后否式。例如: You are all stu
2、dents, arent you 前否后肯式。例如:前否后肯式。例如: He doesnt speak English, does he 前后兩部分意思必須相反。前后兩部分意思必須相反。例如:例如: 誤誤 He went to the cinema last Sunday, did he 前后兩部分時(shí)態(tài)必須一致。例前后兩部分時(shí)態(tài)必須一致。例如:如: 誤誤 She read an interesting book yesterday, doesnt she 前后兩部分的主語(即人稱前后兩部分的主語(即人稱單、復(fù)數(shù))必須一致,而且后一單、復(fù)數(shù))必須一致,而且后一部分的主語常用代詞代替。例如:部分的
3、主語常用代詞代替。例如: 誤誤 Tom can speak Chinese well, cant Tom一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):Lily likes going shopping, _she?They arent students, _ they?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):Youre going to the cinema, _ you?She isnt waiting for me, _ she?一般過去時(shí):一般過去時(shí):They had a good time at the party last Saturday, _ they?Fanny didnt go home last night,
4、_ she?一般將來時(shí):一般將來時(shí):We will have wonderful summer holidays, _ we?They wont come back until midnight, _ they? 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等指人的合成詞時(shí),反意疑等指人的合成詞時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分的主語在正式語體中通問句的附加部分的主語在正式語體中通常常 用用he。例如:。例如: Everybody is here, isnt he?Nobody wants to go t
5、here, does he?但若陳述部分的主語是但若陳述部分的主語是everything, anything, something, nothing等指物的合等指物的合成詞時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分成詞時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分的主語只能用的主語只能用it。例如:例如:Nothing could stop them, could it?Everything is ready, isnt it? 當(dāng)陳述部分是當(dāng)陳述部分是there be句型句型時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分的主時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分的主語也用語也用there。例如:例如:Theres no help for it, is there?T
6、herere some apples on the table, arent there? 陳述部分帶有陳述部分帶有no,not, never, few, little, nobody,nothing,hardly,seldom等等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),反意疑問句否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。的附加部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。例如:例如:Few people know him, do they?She never goes swimming, does she? 如果陳述部分的否定詞僅帶有如果陳述部分的否定詞僅帶有否定前綴或后綴,那么,該陳述否定前綴或后綴,那么,該陳述部分
7、作肯定句處理,附加疑問部部分作肯定句處理,附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。分一般仍用否定形式。例如:例如:The knife was useless, wasnt it? 如果陳述部分的主語是如果陳述部分的主語是Im結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu),反意疑問句的附加部分一般構(gòu),反意疑問句的附加部分一般用用arent I,或或am I not。例如:例如:I am a teacher, arent I? 在由在由“祈使句祈使句附加疑問句附加疑問句”構(gòu)成的反意疑問句中,附加疑問構(gòu)成的反意疑問句中,附加疑問部分一般用部分一般用will you, wont you, would you。例如:例如:Dont close the
8、window, will you?Be quiet, would you? 在在以以lets開頭的祈使句之后,開頭的祈使句之后,附加疑問部分用附加疑問部分用shall we。例如:例如:Lets have a rest, shall we?以以let us開頭的祈使句,含義是開頭的祈使句,含義是allow us,不包括聽話人在內(nèi),不包括聽話人在內(nèi),因此反意疑問句的附加部分用因此反意疑問句的附加部分用will you。例如:。例如:Let us stop now, will you?含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的w一般反意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞如He can swim,cant he?w表示推測(cè)的如must be,may b
9、e,cantbe等,反意be,或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的助動(dòng)詞。如w1.You must be very tired,arent you?w2.He must have studied English many years,hasnt he?w含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to的用oughtnt或shouldntw含有used to的用usednt/didntw含有had better的用hadntw含有have to/had to的,have to用 dont,had to 用didntw并列句w附加問句與鄰近分句保持一致如wBob speaks English,but his wife speaks Ger
10、man,doesnt she? 當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是I think, I believe,I guess,Isuppose,I find等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問句的附加部分則往往與則往往與that分句中的主語和謂語分句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,但要注意動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,但要注意否定否定的轉(zhuǎn)移的轉(zhuǎn)移。其它情況反意主句。其它情況反意主句例如:例如:I think hes funny, isnt he?I dont think (that) she likes my clothes, does she?He said that he was late,d
11、idnt he?反義疑問句的回答w前肯后否式wHe is a teacher,isnt he?wYes,he is. No,he isnt.w前否后肯式,先確定后面,再選yes或nowHe isnt a teacher,is he?wYes,he is . No,he isnt.wLucy doesnt like red,does she?wYes,she does. No,she doesnt.wYes和No前后必須一致,但要注意翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí):強(qiáng)化練習(xí):1. Mary has to go home now, _ ?2. Theres nothing wrong, _ ?3. Jack had
12、 a talk with his father, _ ? 4. Give me a hand, _ ?5. Nothing can stop us now, _ ?6. Nobody can go to the party, _ ?7. They wont be ready till next year, _ ?8. I am not the one youre thinking about, _ ?9. Lets go camping, _ ?10. Let us go home , _ ?11. I believe you know the answer, _ ?12. There was little orange in the glass, _ ?The End