BIOSOverview-同濟(jì)大學(xué)BIOS和UEFI課程.ppt

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Tel：69589584Email:wang.box@,同濟(jì)大學(xué)軟件學(xué)院,UEFI與固件程序設(shè)計(jì),What’stheUEFI?,繼續(xù),返回,UEFI(UnifiedExtensibleFirmwareInterface)是由英特爾公司聯(lián)合業(yè)界共同提出的一種欲在未來(lái)電腦系統(tǒng)中替代傳統(tǒng)BIOS(LegacyBIOS)的升級(jí)解決方案。,Anotherquestion,What’stheBIOS?,What’stheBIOS?,繼續(xù),返回,BIOS(BasicInputandOutputSystem)基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng)，它是一組固化到計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)主板上一個(gè)ROM芯片上的程序，它保存著計(jì)算機(jī)最重要的開(kāi)機(jī)上電自檢、硬件初始化程序和系統(tǒng)底層的服務(wù)程序等。,繼續(xù),返回,Agenda,BIOSbackgroundHistoryFunctionsLegacyBIOS’sFlawsChange,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground--History,,Beforefirmware—SwitchsonapieceofplywoodBIOS--fororiginalIBMPC/XTandPC/ATin1980sEFI--Spring2000IDF(IntelDeveloper’sForum)--EFI1.10specificationUEFI–OriginatedfromtheEFI1.10specification--UpdatedandmanagedbytheUnifiedEFIForum,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground--Functions,,Basedon8086architecturePOST—PowerOnSelfTestAgroupofclearlydefinedOS-independentinterfaceforhardwareInt10forVideoserviceInt13diskserviceInt16keyboardserviceInt18BIOSROMloaderInt19bootstraploaderAvailabilityofMS-DOSoutsideofIBMallowedapplicationstorunequallywellacrossdifferentbrandsofbox"PCclones".,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground--LegacyBIOS’sFlaws,,Itisnotplatformindependent,ithighlydependsonIntel8086SoftwareInterruptmodelRealmode16-bitsregisteraccessNomemoryaddressbeyond1MBOptionROMspacelimitedtobelow1MBModernIntelCPUarchitecturehascometo32bits,64bitsprotectionmode,withHTandMulti-core,butforcompatibility,itshouldstillbootupin16bitrealmode,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground–Flaws(cont.),,Itisinaccessibletoboot64bitssystemwhichstillcallinto16bitlegacyfirmwarewhenItaniumprocessorfamilycomeintolife.Moreandmorenewtechnologycomeout,likeVT,LTetc.Itisveryhardtoenablethosetechnologyinthewholeeco-systemquicklyinlegacyBIOSArchitectureindependentisthekeyforthenextgenerationBIOS,thatiswheretheEFIcomefrom,singledrivercanworkinx86,ItaniumandXScaleetc.,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground–Flaws(cont.),,Code,RealMode,Assembler,Spaghetti,,,,Scalability,Complexity,Maintenance,Issue,Spec,None!,Compatibility,,,OSLoader,TiedtoHWandBIOS,Slowsinnovation,Carrieslegacy,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground–Change,,UnifiedExtensibleFirmwareInterfaceUEFIisaninterfacespecification--downloadfromwww.uefi.orgAbstractstheplatformfromOSIncludesamodulardrivermodelandCPU-independentoptionROMsCompatiblebydesignModularandextensibleComplementsexistinginterfaces,Flexibletomeetexistingandfutureneeds,,OSLoader,Hardware,Firmware,UEFI,繼續(xù),返回,BIOSbackground–Change,Code,RealMode,Assembler,Spaghetti,,,,Scaleability,Complexity,Maintenance,Issue,Spec,None!,Compatibility,,,OSLoader,TiedtoHWandBIOS,Slowsinnovation,Carrieslegacy,