管狀帶式輸送機的參數(shù)計算和結構設計畢業(yè)論文翻譯

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1、英文原文 Parameters Calculation and Structure Design of Pipe Belt Conveyer Zaimei Zhang1, Fang Zhou2, Jianheng Ji2 1School of Mechanical Engineering, University ofJinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province,China 2Departments ofInformation Engineering, Shandong Water Vocational College, Rizhao 276826,Sha

2、ndong Province, China Abstract: Pipe belt conveyor is a new type of special belt conveyor and it is wildly used in conveying powder material. In the paper, the advantages of pipe belt conveyor are introduced. Calculation of pipe belt conveyor s main parameters is different from that of conventiona

3、l belt conveyor s. The parameters such as throughput, belt speed, belt width, resistance, tension in belt and power are described. The length of transition section is analyzed because it is important to the belt life. Hexagon supporting rollers and tipping device are necessary parts ofpipe belt con

4、veyor. The structures of them are also discussed. keywords: Pipe Belt Conveyor, Transition Section,Hexagon Supporting Rollers, Tipping Device 1. Introduction Pipe belt conveyor is a new type of special belt conveyor which developed from the conventional belt conveyor. In this conveyor, flat belt

5、 is forced to be tubular by supporting roller groups and material conveyed is enveloped in it. Therefore airproof convey is realized in whole conveyance line. Pipe belt conveyor was proposed in 1964 by Japan Pipe Conveyor (JPC), and it went into real use in 1979[1] .After that, it was rapidly develo

6、ped in Gennany and America and widely used abroad. But it is not deeply studied and its use is much limited in China. 2. The characteristics of pipe belt conveyor Figurel is for the structure of pipe belt conveyor. The load is putted on by the feeder at the end of conveyor. The belt is flat when

7、it runs through the driven roller and it is conducted by a series of supporting rollers to be tubular gradually. Thus airproof conveyance is realized. In order to discharge, the pipe is also conducted by a series of supporting rollers to be flat near the driving roller. The conveyor discharges at it

8、s head. Two-way conveyance can be realized. But tipping device for belt must be added. Characteristics are obvious due to its special structure comparing with other belt conveyor[1]. (1) Unpolluted conveyance In pipe belt conveyor, material doesnt come out and isnt influenced by environment becaus

9、e the belt is tubular and the two sides lap over each other. When it conveys powder, food and chemical material etc., this advantage is obvious. (2) Big obliquity of conveyance Obliquity can reach about 18 in the conventional belt conveyor. But in pipe belt conveyor, material is enveloped in pipe

10、and friction between material and belt is greater than before. So obliquity can be increased to 30 The bigger obliquity is, the shorter conveyance length will be. This can result in lower cost. (3) Two-way conveyance is convenient Belt can be tubular in return of pipe belt conveyor and material ca

11、n be conveyed in the reverse direction by special device such as special feeder and tipping device. (4) Conveyor bed is narrow In conveyance, bed is narrow because the cross section is a circle. The required building space and building steel are reduced. The bed cost is low and it can be used when

12、 space is limited. 3 .Main parameters calculation of pipe belt conveyor Main parameters in pipe belt conveyor are throughput, belt width, belt speed and power. But production throughput is always given. 3.1 Calculation throughput Throughput of conveyor can be fonnulated as follows[2]: Whe

13、re is belt speed, is the pipe area, is density of material conveyed and is coefficient of material filling, = 0.44～0.8. If material size is less than one third of pipe diameter, =0.8. If material size is one third of pipe diameter, =0.75. If material size is half of pipe diameter, =0.58. If ma

14、terial size is two thirds of pipe diameter, =0.44. 3.2 Belt speed Belt speed is determined by characteristic of material, throughput, belt width and the installation method of conveyor. Generally speaking, quick belt speed is beneficial because it can reduce belt width and tension in belt when th

15、roughput is constant. This will economize on investment in belt and power consumption. Belt speed usually used is 2～5m/s[3]. 3.3 Belt width Belt width can be calculated according throughput. The belt diameter can be expressed[2]: Where d is pipe diameter. The lap of two sides is about one thir

16、d or half of pipe diameter. When belt is tubular, the relationship between belt width and pipe diameter is as follow: 3.4 Running resistance calculation The method has no difference in resistance calculation between pipe belt conveyor and conventional belt conveyor. Generally, Coefficient of res

17、istance is usually used in resistance calculation. Tension in belt is calculated point by point. Extrusion force is increased because material is enveloped in pipe. Therefore coefficient of resistance in pipe belt conveyor is greater than that in conventional belt conveyor. (1)Resistance in tangent

18、 Resistance in belt with load[2]: Resistance in belt without load: Where is resistance in running, is the unit mass of belt per meter, is the average unit mass of the upper supporting rollers per meter along the belt, is the unit mass of material per meter along the belt, is the average

19、unit mass of the below supporting rollers per meter along the belt, is the length of conveyance, is obliquity of conveyance and is coefficient of resistance in supporting rollers, showed in table 1. Table 1.Coefficient of resistance in supporting rollers (2) Resistance in curvature Resistanc

20、e in curvature is caused by belt ossification and friction in roller bearings. It is proportional to the tension at curvature entrance. That is[2] : Where is the tension in belt at curvature exit, is the tension in belt at curvature entrance and is coefficient of resistance. 3.5 Tension calcu

21、lation in belt After resistance in each section has been calculated, we can calculate the tension at every point. We can divide whole path into several tangents and curvatures and number every joint before we calculate. Tension at any point is calculated by the formula as followed[2]: Where and

22、 are tension in belt at point and point , is resistance between point and point . The tension at driving roller entrance and driving roller exit can be obtained. Circumferential force on driving roller can be described by following expression: Where is circumferential force on driving rol

23、ler, is the tension in belt at driving roller entrance and is the tension in belt at driving roller exit. The following condition must be satisfied because the belt do not permitted to slide on driving roller[2]. Where is the coefficient of friction between the belt and driving roller, is a

24、ngle of the belt enveloping on the roller. 3.6 Power calculation Power is mainly consumed in overcoming running resistance. And some power is used in elevating material in sloping conveyor. Power on driving roller shaft can be calculated by the follower expression[2]: So the motor power is:

25、Where is a factor of safety and is transmission device efficiency. 4 Structure design of pipe belt conveyor 4.1 The length of transition section Figure 2 Length of transition section Transition section is shown in figure 2. The belt is flat at driving roller and driven roller. The belt is t

26、urned from flat belt into tubular one at transition section. The length of transition depends on the permissible extension of belt. If transition section is too short, additional deformation and stress will be great in both sides of belt. This will result damage to belt. If transition section is too

27、 long, distance of airproof conveyance in whole line will be shortened. Generally speaking, the length of transition section equals to 25 diameters in nylon belt while 50 diameters in wire rope belt[3]. 4.2 Design of supporting rollers Parallel supporting rollers must be used near driving roller a

28、nd driven roller so that the angle of the belt enveloping on the roller is big enough. But at other position in transition section trough supporting rollers are used. Thus the flat belt can become tubular one gradually and additional stress at edge of belt can be reduced. So trough angle is usually

29、20,30 ,45 ,60 and 90. Since impact load at material entrance is inevitable, three groups of cushioning supporting rollers can sever to reduce the intensity of shock loads and its spacing is about 300～500mm[4]. Hexagon supporting rollers are widely used after the flat belt becomes tubular onel5J ? R

30、ollers can be equipped on the same side or two sides of the supporting board. is easy to positioning rollers precisely and the force in belt is uniform when the six rollers are equipped on the same side of supporting board. Generally speaking, the adjacent rollers spacing should not exceed the belt

31、thickness, usually 4～8mm. If the spacing were too big, the edge of belt would jam in it. There are three rollers on each side of the supporting board when rollers are equipped on two sides of it. The length of roller can be longer than the length of hexagon side and the belt can not jam in the space

32、 of adjacent rollers. On the other hand, the force in supporting board is uniform. Rollers on supporting board are shown in fig.3 and fig.4. Figure 3 .Rollers on same side of suppporting board Figure 4. Rollers on two side of suppporting board Rigidity is greatly increased after flat belt bec

33、omes tubular. So supporting rollers spacing can also be increased. Supporting roller groups spacing with load is about 1.2m or 1.0m and it is 3.0m in return in conventional conveyor, while it varies with the pipe diameter in pipe belt conveyor. The greater pipe b diameter is, the greater the spacing

34、 is[5]. The relationship etween pipe diameter and the spacing is shown in table 2[5]. Table 2. The relationship between pipe diameter and supporting roller groups spacing 4.3 Belt tipping device Remnant material on belt will pollute environment and adhere to rollers and supporting rollers

35、 after discharge. This will result to belt wear. So the same side of belt is always used when conveying material. Belt tipping device severs to overturn the belt [6]. It consists of several rollers. The belt is hold by two horizontal rollers and two vertical rollers and tum 90 Then another two horiz

36、ontal rollers hold the belt and tum it 90 at the same direction. Thus belt overturn is realized. The spacing between horizontal rollers and vertical rollers depends on belt width and operation conditions. 5. Conclusion Compared with conventional belt conveyor, pipe belt conveyor has so many advant

37、ages that it will be widely used in the future. When calculating parameters, some formals in convention belt conveyor can be used in pipe belt conveyor, but some coefficients must be modified. The power is greater in pipe belt conveyor than in conventional belt conveyor because friction is great in

38、pipe belt conveyor. The transition section length depends on the belt type and pipe diameter. Parallel supporting rollers and trough supporting rollers in conventional belt conveyor can also be used in pipe belt conveyor, but trough angle varies with the poison where trough supporting rollers are in

39、stalled. Hexagon supporting rollers and tipping device exist only in pipe belt conveyor and their structure is described in this paper. Supporting roller groups spacing also varies with pipe diameter. References [1] Kai Liu, "Application and Development of Pipe Belt Conveyor", Coal Technology, 200

40、6,25(09): 19-21 [2] Maton A E, "Power and Capacity Review of Tubular Pipe and Trough Conveyor", Bulk Solids Handing, 1997,17(1):47-50 [3] Zhiping Li, "Application of Pipe Belt Conveyor in Bulk Handling", Electric Power Survey &Design,2003,1:48-52 [4] Weigang Song, Ye Yu, "The Development and C

41、ritical Techniques of the Pipe Belt Conveyor", Cement, 2005,04:42-46 [5] Yuefeng An, "Pipe belt conveyor", S P & BMH Related engineering. 2006,2:39-42 [6] Gregory A Vaka, "Pipe Conveyor---Development and Advantages", Bulk Solids Handling, 1998,18(3):451-455 中文譯文 管狀帶式輸送機的參數(shù)計算和結構設計 張在美1，周芳2，紀

42、健恒2 1．濟南大學 機械工程學院，中國 ，山東 濟南 250022 2. 山東水利職業(yè)學院 信息工程系，中國，山東 日照 276826 摘要:管狀帶式輸送機是一種新型的專用帶式輸送機，它可廣泛應用于粉狀物料的運輸。論文介紹了管狀帶式輸送機的優(yōu)點。計算了不同于普通帶式輸送機的管狀帶式輸送機的主要參數(shù)。描述了管狀帶式輸送機的輸送能力、帶速、帶寬、摩擦阻力、膠帶張緊力和功率。分析了過渡段長度，因為它對膠帶壽命很重要。六邊形托輥和傾翻裝置是管狀帶式輸送機的必要原件。它們的結構在論文中也進行了論述。 關鍵詞：管狀帶式輸送機，過渡段，六邊形托輥，傾翻裝置 1.緒論 管狀帶式輸送機是在普通帶式

43、輸送機基礎上發(fā)展起來的一種新型專用帶式輸送機。在該輸送機中，平直的膠帶被托輥組卷成管狀，物料被包在管狀膠帶中運輸。因此可實現(xiàn)整個運輸路線封閉運輸。1964年，日本管狀輸送機公司研發(fā)了管狀帶式輸送機，1979年正式投入使用。隨后，該輸送機在德國和美國獲得了迅速發(fā)展和廣泛應用。但是，中國對該輸送機未進行深入研究，其應用被大大限制了。 2.管狀帶式輸送機特性 管狀帶式輸送機結構如圖1所示。在輸送機尾部的進料器將物料裝載到輸送機膠帶上。 當膠帶通過從動滾筒時，它是平直的，然后經(jīng)一系列托輥引導，逐漸轉變?yōu)楣軤?。從而可以實現(xiàn)封閉運輸。為了卸載，管狀膠帶也需要一系列靠近驅動滾筒的托輥引導從而轉變?yōu)槠街?/p>

44、的。該輸送機在其機頭部卸載。它可以實現(xiàn)雙向運輸。但是必須加設傾翻裝置。由于其特殊結構，與其他帶式輸送機相比，它的特征是很明顯的[1]。 （1）清潔運輸 在管狀帶式輸送機中，物料不會泄露出來并且不受環(huán)境的影響，因為運輸膠帶是管狀的，膠帶的邊緣搭接在一起。當運輸粉狀物料、食物和化學物料等時，該優(yōu)點十分突出。 （2）大傾角運輸 普通膠帶運輸機的傾角可以達到18左右。但是，在管狀帶式輸送機中，物料被包在管狀膠帶中，物料和膠帶的摩擦力較大。因此其傾角可以增加到30。傾角越大，運輸長度將越短。這可以使成本降低。 （3）便利的雙向運輸 返回時，管狀帶式輸送機膠帶可以轉變?yōu)楣軤?。通過專用進料器和傾

45、翻裝置，物料可以進行反向運輸。 （4）狹窄的運輸機架 在管狀帶式輸送機中，運輸機架是狹窄的。因為管狀膠帶的橫截面是圓形的。這減少了必需的建筑空間和建筑物料。運輸機架成本很低，當安裝空間被限制時依然可以使用。 圖1 管狀帶式輸送機結構 3.管狀帶式輸送機主要參數(shù)計算 管狀帶式輸送機的主要參數(shù)包括：輸送能力、帶寬、帶速和功率。但是輸送機輸送能力一般都是額定的。 3.1 輸送能力計算 管狀帶式輸送機的輸送能力可以用下式表示[2]： 式中，—帶速； —膠帶圓管截面積； —物料堆積密度； —裝料充滿系數(shù)，取0.44～0.8。當物料塊度尺寸<1/3管徑

46、時， =0.8；當物料塊度尺寸=1/3管徑時， =0.75；當物料塊度尺寸=1/2管徑時， =0.58；當物料塊度尺寸=2/3管徑時， =0.44。 3.2 帶速 管狀帶式輸送機的帶速由物料特性、輸送能力、帶寬和輸送機安裝方式?jīng)Q定。一般而言，較快的帶速是有利的，因為當輸送能力額定時，它可以減小帶寬和膠帶張緊力。這可以節(jié)省膠帶材料和降低能量消耗。帶速一般取2～5m/s[3]。 3.3 帶寬 帶寬可以根據(jù)輸送能力計算。膠帶管徑可以表示為： 式中，—膠帶管徑。 膠帶邊緣搭接長度大約為1/3～1/2管徑。當膠帶是管狀時，帶寬和膠帶管徑關系如下： 3.4 運行摩擦阻力計算 管狀帶

47、式輸送機摩擦阻力的計算方法和普通帶式輸送機摩擦阻力的計算方法一樣。一般，摩擦系數(shù)常用于摩擦阻力計算。膠帶張緊力逐點計算出來。因為物料被包在管狀膠帶中，增加了對膠帶的擠壓力。因此，管狀帶式輸送機摩擦系數(shù)比普通帶式輸送機大。 （1）切向摩擦阻力 加載時膠帶摩擦阻力[2]： 卸載時膠帶摩擦阻力 式中，—運行摩擦阻力； —每米膠帶質量； —上部托輥沿膠帶每米平均質量； —物料沿膠帶每米質量； —下部托輥沿膠帶每米平均質量； —帶式輸送機長度； —帶式輸送機傾角； —托輥摩擦系數(shù)，見表1。 表1

48、 托輥摩擦系數(shù) 環(huán) 境 平直托輥 槽形托輥 六邊形托輥 清潔、干燥和無灰塵的戶內 0.018 0.02 0.035～0.045 正常溫度下少量灰塵 0.025 0.03 0.045～0.055 大量灰塵的戶外 0.035 0.04 0.055～0.075 （2）彎曲摩擦阻力 彎曲摩擦阻力是由于膠帶硬化和膠帶與滾筒軸承摩擦引起的。它與彎曲入口處的張緊力成比例。即為[2]： 式中，—膠帶彎曲出口處的張緊力； —膠帶彎曲入口處的張緊力； —摩擦系數(shù)。 3.5 膠帶張緊力計算 當計算出每一段的摩擦阻力后，我們可以計算出每一點的

49、張緊力。在我們計算前，我們可以將整個運輸路線分成若干切線段和彎曲段，并對每一個連接點進行編號。任意一點的張緊力均可用下式計算[2]： 式中，，—點、點處的膠帶張緊力； —點和點間的摩擦阻力。 驅動滾筒入口和出口處的皮帶張緊力可以測得。驅動滾筒上的切向力可以用下式表示： 式中，—驅動滾筒切向力； —驅動滾筒入口處膠帶張緊力； —驅動滾筒出口處膠帶張緊力。 因為不允許膠帶在驅動滾筒上滑動，所以必須滿足下列條件[2]： 式中，—膠帶和驅動滾筒摩擦系數(shù)； —膠帶在驅動滾筒上的圍包角。 3.6 功率計算 功率主要消耗在克服運行摩擦阻

50、力上。一部分功率用于傾斜輸送機的物料提升。驅動滾筒功率可以用下式計算[2]： 因此電動機功率為： 式中，—安全系數(shù)； —傳動效率。 4.管狀帶式輸送機結構設計 4.1過渡段長度 圖2 過渡段長度 管狀帶式輸送機的過渡段如圖2所示。驅動滾筒和從動滾筒之間的膠帶是平形的，而在過渡段，膠帶的形狀由平形轉變?yōu)楣軤?。過渡段的長度由膠帶的最大允許伸長量決定，如果過渡段過短，其兩面的附加變形和附加應力都比較大，這會導致膠帶損壞。如果過渡段過長，輸送裝置的封閉輸送線路部分就會變短。一般來說，材料為尼龍帆布時其過渡段的長度為25倍的直徑，而材料為鋼繩芯時，其過渡段長度應為5

51、0倍的直徑[3]。 4.2 托輥的設計 為了確保滾筒的圍包角足夠大，平行的托輥必須安裝于驅動滾筒與從動滾筒之間。但是在過渡段的其它位置，所使用的托輥為槽形托輥。因此，平膠帶可逐漸變?yōu)楣軤钅z帶，而且膠帶邊緣的附加應力也會降低。槽角一般為20，30，45，60和90。由于物料入口處所受到的沖擊是不可避免的，因此安裝三組緩沖托輥以減小其沖擊的強度，緩沖托輥的間距約為300～500mm[4]。 當膠帶形狀由平形變?yōu)楣軤詈?，可以使用六邊形托輥對膠帶進行支撐。六邊形托輥可以固定于支撐板的同側或異側，因此當有六個托輥安裝于支撐板的同側時，這樣就便于精確固定托輥從而使膠帶分布均勻。一般情況下，相鄰托輥之

52、間的距離不應超過膠帶4～8mm。如果間距過大，膠帶邊緣將會出現(xiàn)堵塞現(xiàn)象。當托輥安裝于支撐板異側時，每側的托輥數(shù)量均為三個。 托輥的長度應大于正六邊形的邊長，這樣膠帶就不會在相鄰托輥間堵塞。另外，可以使支撐板上的壓力均衡。支撐板上的托輥分布如圖3、圖4所示。 圖3. 同側支承板上的托輥分布 圖4. 異側支承板上的托輥分布 此外，當膠帶形狀由平形變?yōu)楣軤詈?，其剛度將大大增加，因此托輥間距同樣也須增加。隨著膠帶管徑的變化，托輥組的間距一般為1.2m或1.0m，而在常規(guī)的輸送機中該距離為3.0m。膠帶管徑越大，間距越大，二者的變化關系如表2所示[5]。 表2 管徑和托輥組間距的關系

53、 管徑(mm) 150 200 300 450 托輥組間距(m) 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.7 4.3 膠帶傾翻裝置 當運料結束后，膠帶上的剩余物料將粘在滾筒上，污染環(huán)境，磨損膠帶。在輸送物料時，使用的一般總是膠帶的同一側。膠帶傾翻裝置是用來傾翻膠帶的，該裝置是由幾個滾輪組成。膠帶的固定是通過兩個水平滾輪和垂直滾輪實現(xiàn)的，然后另外的兩個水平滾輪就可對膠帶進行90的同側傾翻，即可實現(xiàn)翻帶。水平滾輪和垂直滾輪的間距由膠帶寬度和操作條件而決定。 5.結論 與普通帶式輸送機相比，管狀帶式輸送機有很多優(yōu)點，因此，它將獲得廣泛的應用。當計算參數(shù)時，用于普通帶式輸送機參數(shù)計算的一

54、些公式也可以用于管狀帶式輸送機參數(shù)計算，但是必須對一些系數(shù)進行修正。因為管狀帶式輸送機的摩擦阻力比普通帶式輸送機大，所以它的功率較大。過渡段的長度由膠帶的類型和管徑?jīng)Q定。普通帶式輸送機中的平直托輥和槽形托輥也可以用于管狀帶式輸送機。但是槽形角隨著槽形托輥的安裝位置而變化。六邊形托輥和傾翻裝置僅適用于管狀帶式輸送機。它們的結構在論文中進行了描述。托輥組的間距也隨管徑而變化。 參考文獻 [1]劉凱，管狀帶式輸送機的應用與發(fā)展，煤炭科技，2006，25（09）；19-21 [2] Maton A E，管狀帶式輸送機和槽形帶式輸送機功率電容對比，散裝固體運輸，1997，17(1):47-50 [3]李志平，管狀帶式輸送機在散裝固體運輸中的應用，電力勘測與設計，2003，1:48-52 [4]宋衛(wèi)剛，余燁，管狀帶式輸送機的發(fā)展和鑒定技術，水泥，2005,04:42-46 [5]安躍峰，管狀帶式輸送機，S P & BMH Related engineering，2006,2:39-42 [6] Gregory A Vaka，管狀帶式輸送機的發(fā)展和優(yōu)點，散裝固體運輸，1998,18(3):451-455