車削加工畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯

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1、外文資料翻譯 Turning The engine lathe, one of the oldest metal removal machines, has a number of useful and highly desirable attributes. Today these lathes are used primarily in small shops where smaller quantities rather than large production runs are encountered. The engine lathe has been replaced

2、in today’s production shops by a wide variety of automatic lathes such as automatic of single-point tooling for maximum metal removal, and the use of form tools for finish on a par with the fastest processing equipment on the scene today. Turret Lathes Production machining equipment must be evalua

3、ted now, more than ever before, this criterion for establishing the production qualification of a specific method, the turret lathe merits a high rating. In designing for low quantities such as 100 or 200 parts, it is most economical to use the turret lathe. In achieving the optimum tolerances pos

4、sible on the turrets lathe, the designer should strive for a minimum of operations. Automatic Screw Machines Generally, automatic screw machines fall into several categories; single-spindle automatics, multiple-spindle automatics and automatic chucking machines. Originally designed for rapid, autom

5、atic production of screws and similar threaded parts, the automatic screw machine has long since exceeded the confines of this narrow field, and today plays a vital role in the mass production of a variety of precision parts. Quantities play an important part in the economy of the parts machined o

6、n the automatic screw machine. Quantities less than on the automatic screw machine. The cost of the parts machined can be reduced if the minimum economical lot size is calculated and the proper machine is selected for these quantities. Automatic Tracer Lathes Since surface roughness depends greatly

7、 on material turned, tooling , and feeds and speeds employed, minimum tolerances that can be held on automatic tracer lathes are not necessarily the most economical tolerances. In some cases, tolerances of 0.05mm are held in continuous production using but one cut . groove width can be held to 0.12

8、5mm on some parts. Bores and single-point finishes can be held to 0.0125mm. On high-production runs where maximum output is desirable, a minimum tolerance of 0.125mm is economical on both diameter and length of turn. Trace lathes are machine tools with attachments that are capable of turning parts

9、with various contours. also called duplicating lathes or contouring lathes, the cutting tool follows a path that duplicates the contour of the template, similar to a pencil following the shape of a plastic template used in engineering drawing. a tracer finger follows the template and, through a hydr

10、aulic or electrical system, guides the cutting tool along the workpiece without operator intervention. operations performed on a tracer lathe have been largely replaced by numerical-control lathes and turning centers lathes have been increasingly automated over the years . manual machine controls

11、have been replaced by various mechanisms that enable cutting operations to follow a certain prescribed sequence . in a fully automatic machine ,parts are fed and removed automatically ,whereas in semiautomatic machines, these functions are performed by the operator Abstract: In contrast to the

12、manufacturing enterprises which produce pump rod joints unceasingly developing and strengthening, the original mode of production shows a lower capacity, which leads to employees high-intensity work, costliness of manufacturing and some other new problems. Providing the specific problems which enter

13、prises encounter in their actual production processes, the problems in the development of enterprises are effectively resolved. Therefore it is essential to introduce latest technologies. The turning fixture and the feeding device of the pump rod joint can be used to realize the automatic dischargi

14、ng. With engine lathes transformed into computerized numerical control and pneumatic tailstocks coordinating revolving centers to use, partial automation production of pump rod joints can be realized. The working principle of a pump rod joint is to place the joint hoop bar stock into the stock bin.

15、When the magic hand moves to the material receiving, with the help of gravity action, the bar stock automatically fall to the magic hand. When the pneumatic cylinder drives the magic hand to move to the designated location of the turning fixture, with the live center of the pneumatic tailstock autom

16、atically sent, the bar stock will be fixed between the apex of the lathe and the live center of the pneumatic tailstock. Then the magic hand automatically returns to the charging position with a single charging action completed, and prepares for the next charging. The results show that it is technic

17、ally feasible to apply the turning fixture and the feeding device of the pump rod joint to the pump rod joint production. In the actual production process, one person can control many lathes to realize the production and the whole system also demonstrates excellent and safe performance in the operat

18、ion process. The appearance of STEP-NC may be a revolution of the technological field of the numerical control, on the development and even the whole manufacturing industry of numerical control technology, will exert a far-reaching influence. First of all, STEP-NC puts forward a kind of brand-new m

19、anufacture idea, in the traditional manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on individual computer. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Internet; this is exactly a direction of open, networked development of numerical control technology. Secondly, STEP-N

20、C numerical control system can also reduce and process the drawing (about 75%), process the procedure to work out the time (about 35%) and process the time (about 50%) greatly.  漢語翻譯譯文 車削加工 普通車床作為最早的金屬切削機床的一種，目前仍然有許多有用的和為人要的特性和為人們所需的特性。現(xiàn)在，這些機床主要用在規(guī)模較小的工廠中，進行小批量的生產，而不是進行大批量的生產。 在現(xiàn)代的生產車間中，普通

21、車床已經被種類繁多的自動車床所取代，諸如自動仿形車床，六角車床和自動螺絲車床?，F(xiàn)在，設計人員已經熟知先利用單刃刀具去除大量的金屬余量，然后利用成型刀具獲得表面光潔度和精度這種加工方法的優(yōu)點。這種加工方法的生產速度與現(xiàn)在工廠中使用的最快的加工設備的速度相等。 六角車床 對生產加工設備來說，目前比過去更注重評價其是否具有精確的和快速的重復加工能力。應用這個標準來評價具體的加工方法，六角車床可以獲得較高的質量評定。 在為小批量的零件（100~200件）設計加工方法時，采用六角車床是最經濟的。為了在六角車床上獲得盡可能小的公差值，設計人員應該盡量將加工工序的數目減至最少。 自動螺絲車床 自

22、動螺絲車床通被分為以下幾種類型：單軸自動、多軸自動和自動夾緊車床。自動螺絲車床最初是被用來對螺釘和類似的帶有螺紋的零件進行自動化和快速加工的。但是，這種車床的用途早就超過了這個狹窄的范圍?，F(xiàn)在，它在許多種類的精密零件的大批量生產中起著重要的作用。工件的數量對采用自動螺絲車床所加工的零件的經濟性有較大的影響。如果工件的數量少于1000件，在六角車床上進行加工比在自動螺絲車床上加工要經濟得多。如果計算出最小經濟批量，并且針對工件批量正確地選擇機床，就會降低零件的加工成本。 自動仿形車床，因為零件的表面粗糙度在很大程度上取決于工件材料、刀具、進給量和切削速度，采用自動仿形車床加工所得到的最小公差一

23、定是最經濟的公差。 在某些情況下，在連續(xù)生產過程中，只進行一次切削加工時的公差可以達到0.05mm。對于某些零件，槽寬的公差可以達到0.125mm。鏜孔和休用單刃刀具進行精加工時，公差可達到0.0125mm。在希望獲得最大主量的大批量生產中，進行直徑和長度的車削時的最小公差值為0.125mm是經濟的。 多年以來,車床已經逐步自動化了.手動控制的機床已經被各種能夠按照指定次序執(zhí)行加工的機制取代.一部全自動的機床,產品可以全自動地被送進和裝卸;然而對于半自動機床,某些功能需要人手執(zhí)行. 自動車床有水平主軸或者立式主軸,但是沒有后機座的可以稱作卡盤式車床. 他們用于加工個別形狀規(guī)則或者不規(guī)則

24、的產品.而且擁有單一或者多個主軸的類型; 另外一種自動車床,帶有自動送料的系統(tǒng),把條狀原料定時地送進車床加工,加工完了之后從條料中切落. 自動車床適合中到高產量的生產. 隨著抽油桿接箍生產企業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展壯大，原有的生產方式呈現(xiàn)出生產能力低下，工人工作強度高，制造成本高昂等一些新的問題。為了切實解決企業(yè)發(fā)展中遇到的問題，可利用抽油桿接箍車削上料裝置實現(xiàn)自動出料，通過普通車床的數控化改造和氣動尾座的配合活頂尖的使用，可以實現(xiàn)抽油桿接箍的半自動化生產，以解決企業(yè)在生產過程中遇到的問題。它的工作原理是先將接箍棒料放置于料倉內，當機械手運動到接料位置時，棒料由于重力作用，自動掉落到機械手中，通過氣缸帶

25、動機械手運動到指定車削位置時，尾座活頂尖自動送出，將棒料固定于機床頂尖與尾座活頂尖之間，機械手自動返回裝料位置，完成單次供料動作，為下次送料做準備。結果表明，抽油桿接箍車削上料裝置用于抽油桿接箍生產在技術上是可行的，在實際生產過程中可以實現(xiàn)一人控制多臺機床進行生產，整套系統(tǒng)在運行過程中也表現(xiàn)出極好的運行性能和安全性能。 STEP-NC的出現(xiàn)可能是數控技術領域的一次革命，對于數控技術的發(fā)展乃至整個制造業(yè)，將產生深遠的影響。首先，STEP-NC提出一種嶄新的制造理念，傳統(tǒng)的制造理念中，NC加工程序都集中在單個計算機上。而在新標準下，NC程序可以分散在互聯(lián)網上，這正是數控技術開放式、網絡化發(fā)展的方向。其次，STEP-NC數控系統(tǒng)還可大大減少加工圖紙（約75％）、加工程序編制時間（約35％）和加工時間（約50％）。