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專題十二 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意, 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.As soon as he was_______ (offer) a well-paid job, he called his parents to tell them the good news. 2.The decision to set up a No Homework Day every week is _______ (welcome) by all the students. 3.We are sure that PM 2.5 will be _______ (control) if we work together to solve the pollution problem. 4.Though drivers are _______ (ask) not to drink wine before driving, some of them still break the law. 5.Look at my scarf. It’s so smooth. I bought it during my trip to France, but it was _______ (make) in China. 6.A football match between Class Two and Class Three will be _______ (hold)tomorrow afternoon. 7.The geography teacher said that nearly three quarters of the earth is _______ (cover) with water. 8.Last year many of his short stories were _______ (translate)into some foreign languages. 9.Usually, books for children are _______ (write) in simple languages. 10.I’m glad to find that many trees were _______ (plant) in our city last year. Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法與情景對(duì)話 1.—How beautiful these pictures are! —Really?They _______ during my stay in Europe last year. A. are taken B. were taken C. will be taken D. have been taken 2.［xx龍東地區(qū)改編］The number of the old people is increasing in China. With the development of China, they _______ better care of in the future. A. will take B. are taken C. will be taken D. take 3.［xx宜昌］—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety _______ into use last month. —Can you tell me what they are? A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 4.［xx河南］—Why are you leaving your job? —I can’t stand it any longer. I _______ always _______ to work overtime. A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked 5.［xx重慶A卷］This picture _______ by my cousin last year. A. draws B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn 6.［xx襄陽(yáng)］The 24th Winter Olympic Games _______ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022, from February 4th to 20th. A. is going to hold B. hold C. will be held D. was held 7.［xx西寧］—I want to teach in the poor countryside of Qinghai when I graduate from the college. —Me, too. Teachers _______ very much there. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. needed 8.［xx安徽］Mr. Green _______ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites 9.［xx上海］The museum _______ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated 10.The driver _______ not to drive after drinking but he didn’t agree with others. A. asks B. was asked C. is asked D. asked 11.A new hospital _______ in my town next year. A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built 12.［xx十堰］About thirty-eight people _______ in Manila Casino Hotel attack on June 2nd. A. kill B. kills C. killed D. were killed 13.［xx泰安］As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _______ in more and more schools out of our country. A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught 14.［xx長(zhǎng)春］Thanks to the government, several new primary schools _______ in my hometown last year. A. build B. built C. are built D. were built 15.Boys and girls, you _______ five minutes to read it and then answer my questions. A. give B. will give C. are giving D. will be given 16.［xx福州改編］Eleven Chinese films _______ during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month. A. showed B. are shown C. were shown D. are showing 17.Think carefully before deciding who_______ . A. invites B. is invited C. will be invited D. will invite 18.［xx黔東南］—The game is very wonderful. Who designed it? —It _______ by John in 2002. A. is designed B. designs C. was designed D. designed 19.—Long time no see! —I’ve just returned. I _______ to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month. A. am sent B. was sent C. am sending D. was sending 20.—Susan, why are you still here？They are all ready to start. —I’m sorry, but I _______ when to start. A. don’t tell B. won’t tell C. won’t be told D. am not told 21.—I haven’t finished my report yet. —You’d better hurry up. It _______ in tomorrow. It is the deadline. A. may be handed B. can hand C. must be handed D. should hand 22.—Chinese tea is popular around the world. —I agree. It _______ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. A. brings B. brought C. is brought D. was brought 23.—Look at the picture. What will happen in 2048? —Many houses _______ under the sea. A. will build B. built C. will be built D. were built 24.It’s a traditional custom in Tibet to drink the wine before the meal _______. A. serves B. is served C. will be served D. served 25.—What a beautiful garden you have! Your father must be a good gardener. —So he is. Look! All these flowers _______ by him. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意, 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.【解析】句意：他一_______一份高薪工作，就打電話給他的父母告訴他們這個(gè)好消息。由謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞called可知，需用過(guò)去時(shí)。此處he和offer之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was offered。 2.【解析】句意：每周創(chuàng)建一個(gè)無(wú)作業(yè)日的決定受到所有學(xué)生的歡迎。根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞by可知，本句應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為：be+done。主語(yǔ)是The decision，故填is welcomed。 3.【解析】句意：我確信如果我們一起努力解決污染問(wèn)題，PM 2.5_______。由句意可知，PM 2.5將會(huì)被控制，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，此處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填will be controlled。 4.【解析】句意：盡管司機(jī)_______在開(kāi)車之前不能喝酒，但是他們中的一些人還是違法。此處表達(dá)司機(jī)“被要求”，因此應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)合后半句中的break the law可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填are asked。 5.【解析】句意：看看我的圍巾，它如此光滑。我在法國(guó)旅行期間買的它，但是它_______中國(guó)。該句主語(yǔ)it與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞make之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由前面動(dòng)詞bought可知，該句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填was made。 6.【解析】句意：明天下午二班和三班將舉行一場(chǎng)足球比賽。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tomorrow afternoon可知，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，A football match是被舉行，故填will be held。 7.【解析】句意：地理老師說(shuō)地球上將近四分之三的地方被水覆蓋。分析句意可知，老師說(shuō)的是客觀事實(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。又因?yàn)閠he earth與cover之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填is covered。 8.【解析】句意：去年他的很多短篇小說(shuō)都被翻譯成幾種外語(yǔ)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last year可知，該句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。再分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)short stories和動(dòng)詞translate之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填were translated。 9.【解析】句意：一般情況下，孩子們的書被以簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言書寫。書與寫之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由usually可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are written。 10.【解析】句意：我很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)，去年我們城市種植了很多樹。根據(jù)句意可知plant與many trees 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且時(shí)間是last year,故填一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法與情景對(duì)話 1.B【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“這些照片多漂亮??！”“真的嗎？它們是我去年待在歐洲的時(shí)候拍的?！本渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)They指代的是上句中的pictures，與動(dòng)詞take之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last year可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。 2.C【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)老年人的數(shù)量正在增加。隨著中國(guó)的發(fā)展，將來(lái)他們會(huì)。分析句意可知，主語(yǔ)they與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞take care of之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the future可知應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。 3.C【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“上個(gè)月很多新的關(guān)于食品安全的法律和法規(guī)投入使用?！薄澳隳芨嬖V我它們是什么嗎？”分析語(yǔ)境可知，主語(yǔ)laws and rules與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞put之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month可知時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選C。 4.B【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“你為什么打算辭職？”“我再也不能忍受了，我總是被要求超時(shí)工作?！备鶕?jù)always可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)I與ask之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。 5.D【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這幅畫是去年由我堂妹畫的。分析語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)This picture與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞draw之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last year可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選D。 6.C【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：第24屆冬奧會(huì)將于2022年2月4日至20日在北京和張家口。分析句意可知，主語(yǔ)The 24th Winter Olympic Games與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hold之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2022可知應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。 7.C【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后想去青海的貧困鄉(xiāng)村教書。”“我也是。那里非常需要老師?！狈治鼍湟猓髡Z(yǔ)teachers與need之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。 8.A【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：格林先生在晚會(huì)上唱一首英文歌曲，他唱得很好。分析語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)Mr. Green 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞invite之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；and連接的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。 9.D【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：博物館下個(gè)月_______來(lái)慶?！翱萍脊?jié)”。分析句意可知，主語(yǔ)The museum與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞decorate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next month可知應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選D。 10.B【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：那位司機(jī)被要求不要酒后駕駛，但是他認(rèn)同別人說(shuō)的話。分析可知主語(yǔ)The driver與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ask之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；but連接的后一分句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，前面的分句也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。 11.D【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：明年在我們鎮(zhèn)將會(huì)建一所新醫(yī)院。分析可知主語(yǔ)hospital與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞build之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；且由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next year可知句子應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選D。 12.D【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在6月2日的馬尼拉賭場(chǎng)賓館襲擊中，大約有38個(gè)人。分析語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)people與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞kill之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)on June 2nd可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選D。 13.B【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：隨著中國(guó)變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大，漢語(yǔ)在越來(lái)越多的國(guó)外學(xué)校_______。根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)Chinese和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞teach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選B。 14.D【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：多虧了政府，去年我的家鄉(xiāng)有好幾所新小學(xué)_______。分析語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)schools與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞build之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last year可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選D。 15.D【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：孩子們，給你們五分鐘的時(shí)間閱讀，然后回答我的問(wèn)題。分析可知主語(yǔ)you與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由語(yǔ)境可知句子表達(dá)的是將要發(fā)生的事情，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選D。 16.C【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：上個(gè)月在法國(guó)“第7屆中國(guó)電影節(jié)”上，有11部中國(guó)電影_______。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month（上個(gè)月）可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Chinese films 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞show之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。 17.C【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在決定邀請(qǐng)誰(shuí)之前要三思。分析可知主語(yǔ)who與invite之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；且由語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。 18.C【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“這個(gè)游戲非常精彩。誰(shuí)設(shè)計(jì)的？”“它是由John在2002年設(shè)計(jì)的?！狈治稣Z(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)It（指代the game）與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞design之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2002可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選C。 19.B【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意“好久不見(jiàn)！”“我剛回來(lái)。我上個(gè)月去鄭州開(kāi)會(huì)?！备鶕?jù)last month可知本句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)I與謂語(yǔ)send之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B。 20.D【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“蘇珊，為什么你還在這兒？他們正準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)始?！薄皩?duì)不起，但我什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。”根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知“我”沒(méi)有被告訴什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，故選D。 21.C【解析】考查含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“我還沒(méi)有完成我的報(bào)告?！薄澳阕詈每禳c(diǎn)。它_______明天。那是最后的期限。”主語(yǔ)是it，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示：必須被上交，故選C。 22.D【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“中國(guó)茶在世界上很受歡迎?！薄拔彝?。在第六、七世紀(jì)，它_______到朝鮮和日本?！苯Y(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。 23.C【解析】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意“看這張圖片，在2048年將會(huì)發(fā)生什么？”“許多房子在海底。”房子應(yīng)該是“被建”，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；而in 2048表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。 24.B【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為：在西藏，在飯前喝酒是一種傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。 serves一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；is served一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；will be served一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；served一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且the meal與serve之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選B。 25.D【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“你有一個(gè)多么漂亮的花園??！你的父親一定是一個(gè)很好的園藝家?！薄八拇_是，看，所有這些花都是被他_______?！敝髡Z(yǔ)“All these flowers”是plant的動(dòng)作對(duì)象，表示“花被種”，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)是過(guò)去被種植。故選D。