2020高中英語(yǔ)人教版 選修9教師用書：Unit 2 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料 Section_ⅣUsing_Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊 1．survival_n．生存；幸存→survive v．幸存，幸免于 2．incident n．事件；事變→incidental adj.次要的 3．departure n．出發(fā)；離開(kāi)→depart v．離開(kāi)；出發(fā) 4．crew n．(輪船、飛機(jī)等上的)工作人員；(工作)隊(duì) 5．deposit vt.放；(把錢)存入銀行 6．dilemma n．進(jìn)退兩難的局面 7．routine n．常規(guī)；日常事務(wù) 8．drawback n．缺點(diǎn)；障礙 9．starvation n．挨

2、餓；餓死→starve v．挨餓；餓死 10．psychology n．心理學(xué)→psychologically adv.心理上地；心理學(xué)地 11．tension n．緊張；不安；張力→tense adj.令人緊張的 12．gradual adj.逐漸的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐漸地；逐步地 13．foresee vt.預(yù)見(jiàn)；預(yù)知 14．thirst n．渴，口渴→thirsty adj.渴的 15．tear vt.扯破；撕破→tear n．淚水；眼淚 16．hardship n．困苦；艱難→hard adj. 困難的 17．roar v．咆哮；轟鳴→roaring

3、 adj.轟鳴的 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)必記 1．take over　　　　　　　 接管 2．be caught in 遭遇到 3．in addition 此外，另外 4．a(chǎn)fter all 畢竟；終究 5．cope with 成功地對(duì)付；應(yīng)付 6．take one's mind off 使某人的注意力離開(kāi)…… 7．set loose 出發(fā)；開(kāi)始 8．jaws of death 鬼門關(guān) Ⅲ.常用句型必備 You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like w

4、hen arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in our small boat. Ⅳ.功能意念項(xiàng)目 原因與結(jié)果(Cause & effect) Why are you ...？　　　 How could you ...? Why did you ...? Because of ... It was because ... The reason is that ... As/Since he ... Now that ... Therefore ... It was due to ..

5、. It is ..., so I'm afraid ... That's why ... He ..., so he is ill with fever after the voyage. 1．survival n．[U，C]生存，幸存，殘存；幸存者，殘存物 The man's survival was surprising, as the doctors thought he would die. 這個(gè)人能活下來(lái)真是出人意料，因?yàn)獒t(yī)生們認(rèn)為他必死無(wú)疑。 We need food and water for survival. 我們?yōu)榱松嫘枰?/p>

6、物和水。 survive v．　 大難不死，死里逃生；比……活得長(zhǎng) survivor n. 幸存者 Only a few soldiers survived the battle. 那次戰(zhàn)斗中只有少數(shù)士兵幸存。 He died in 1940 but his wife survived him by another 20 years. 他在1940年逝世，但他的妻子比他多活了20年。 [注意]　survive本身已表示“幸存，幸免于”，后面不能再接in或from。 　　 (1)In these jungle areas, every day is a fight for_

7、survival (為生存)． (2)When the plane crashed, there were more than 80 passengers on board and no_one_survived (無(wú)一幸免)． 2．incident n．[C]事件，事變；事情，小事 The demonstration proceeded without incident. 游行示威中沒(méi)有出事。 He could remember every trivial incident in great detail. 他能把每件小事的細(xì)節(jié)都記得很清楚。 event, affair,

8、accident, incident, business (1)event常指有重要意義的歷史事件或較大的事。 What were the chief events of last year? 去年主要的大事是什么？ (2)affair指曾經(jīng)發(fā)生或必須去做的事、外交事務(wù)、重大事情，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 He is seen to be unreliable on foreign affairs. 他被認(rèn)為在外交事務(wù)上是不可信賴的。 (3)accident指難以預(yù)測(cè)的意外事故。 How did the accident happen? 這起事故怎么發(fā)生的？ (4)incident指

9、不重要的小事或暴力、槍戰(zhàn)等事件，小插曲，政變。 July 7th Incident七七事變 (5)business多指?jìng)€(gè)人或商業(yè)事務(wù)。 It was a mistake to go into business with my brother. 和我兄弟一起經(jīng)商是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 　　用event，affair，incident，business，accident填空 (1)This was the educational event of the year. (2)They had no right to interfere in the internal affairs of that

10、 country. (3)Leave me alone, mind your own business. (4)His parents were unluckily killed in the traffic accident. (5)He is often troubled by quite ordinary incidents of daily life. 3．departure n．出發(fā)，啟程，背離，違反 Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure. 航班應(yīng)在起飛前48小時(shí)予以確認(rèn)。 Their latest

11、single disc represents a new departure for the band. 他們最新出版的單曲唱片體現(xiàn)了這支樂(lè)隊(duì)的新嘗試。 departure from　　　 從……出發(fā) a departure from sth. 對(duì)……的違反，逾越，背離 depart vi.離開(kāi)，出發(fā)；背離，違反 離去分離 What he said departed from the truth. 他說(shuō)的話背離事實(shí)。 The train departs for Paris at noon. 這列火車中午開(kāi)向巴黎。 　　 (1)His_sudden_departure (他

12、的突然離去) threw the office into chaos. (2)They had received no news of him since_his_departure_from_the_island (自從他離開(kāi)這個(gè)島后)． 4．crew n. (1)[C]全體船員，全體機(jī)務(wù)人員；一隊(duì)(或一班、一組)工作人員 The plane had seventy passengers and a crew of ten. 飛機(jī)上有70名乘客及10名機(jī)務(wù)人員。 None of the passengers and crew were injured. 沒(méi)有一個(gè)乘客和機(jī)務(wù)人員受

13、傷。 [注意]　crew作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如看作整體，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如看作成員們，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。 The crew on board was small. 船上的船員為數(shù)很少。 The crew were busy preparing. 機(jī)務(wù)人員正忙著準(zhǔn)備。 (2)v. 充當(dāng)(尤指船上的)工作人員 Men are needed to crew the lifeboat. 需要有人來(lái)做救生艇的船員。 　　 (1)All the crews and passengers are not in danger. crews→crew (2)This film crew are hardwo

14、rking. are→is 5．deposit (1)vt.放下，置下；存放，儲(chǔ)蓄，寄存；沉淀 She deposited her money in the bank. 她把錢存在銀行里。 When the river is in flood, it deposits a layer of mud on the fields. 當(dāng)河水泛濫時(shí)，便在田野上沉積一層泥。 deposit sth.with sb.　把某物寄存在某人處 You can deposit your luggage with a friend of yours. 你可以將行李寄存在朋友處。 (2)n.[C

15、]存款，儲(chǔ)蓄；定金，押金 We've put down a 5% deposit on the house. 我們已支付了房款的5%作為訂金。 　　 They normally ask you to pay￡_100_as_a_deposit (付100英鎊作為訂金)． 6．dilemma n．[C]進(jìn)退兩難(的局面/境地)，困境，進(jìn)退維谷 be in a dilemma　　　　處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地 The doctor was in a dilemma whether to tell the patient the truth about his condition or

16、 not. 醫(yī)生進(jìn)退兩難，不知道是否該把病人的真實(shí)病情告訴他。 I am in a dilemma whether to do maths or English. 我左右為難，不知是做數(shù)學(xué)還是寫英語(yǔ)。 　　 When you are_in_a_dilemma (處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地), try to keep yourself calm. 7．routine n．[U，C]常規(guī)，日常事務(wù) Teachers in our school will have a routine medical examination on Teacher's Day. 在教師節(jié)我們學(xué)校的教師要

17、進(jìn)行常規(guī)的體檢。 I arrive at nine o'clock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning routine. 我九點(diǎn)鐘到，教課教到十二點(diǎn)半，然后吃飯；那是我上午的例行作法。 daily routine　　　　 日常工作，例行公事 　　 (1)Make exercise a part of your daily_routine (日常生活)． (2)We clean and repair the machine as_a_matter_of_routine (作為一

18、項(xiàng)常規(guī)之事)． 8．starvation n．饑餓，挨餓 Millions will face starvation next year as a result of the drought. 由于發(fā)生旱災(zāi)，明年將有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人面臨饑餓的威脅。 starve v．　　　　　　　 (使)挨餓，餓死，缺乏…… be starved to death 餓死 starve for ... 渴望…… He is starving for making fortune. 他渴望發(fā)財(cái)。 　　 (1)In some areas, there are still some persons

19、 starved (starve) to death. (2)Don't waste any food; just think about people dying of starvation (starve)． 9．tension n．[U，C]緊張(狀態(tài))，不安；拉緊；壓力，張力 The tension in the Far East is building up again. 中東的形勢(shì)又逐步緊張起來(lái)。 There is often a tension between the aims of the company and the wishes of the emplo

20、yees. 公司的目標(biāo)和雇員的思想之間經(jīng)常存在矛盾。 We laughed and that helped ease the tension. 我們笑了，因而使緊張的情緒緩和下來(lái)。 　　 (1)Family_tension (家庭的緊張關(guān)系) may lead to violence. (2)Take a deep breath and relieve your nervous_tension (緊張的狀態(tài))． (3)The government is doing its best to ease_the_tension (緩和緊張局勢(shì)) in that area. 10．fo

21、resee v．預(yù)料，預(yù)知 We don't foresee any problems. 我們預(yù)料不會(huì)出任何問(wèn)題。 Those who can foresee difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear. 在走向成功的路途中能夠預(yù)見(jiàn)到困難的人在困難真正出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候常常能保持冷靜的態(tài)度。 　　 (1)It_is_impossible_to_foresee (不可能預(yù)知) how life will work out. (2)No one could_have_forese

22、en (能預(yù)料到)that things would turn out this way. 11．thirst n．[U]渴，渴望 The soldiers died of thirst in the desert. 士兵們?cè)谏衬懈煽识馈? have a thirst for　　　　　　對(duì)……渴望 He had a great thirst for knowledge. 他有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。 thirsty adj. 　　　 渴的，口渴的，渴望(求)的 be thirsty for sth. 渴望，渴求…… Thirsty and hungry, we decided

23、 not to wait any longer. 又渴又餓，我們決定不再等了。 　　 他渴望到國(guó)外體驗(yàn)不同的文化。 ①He has_a_thirst_for exploring different cultures in other countries. ②He is_thirsty_for exploring different cultures in other countries. 12．tear v．扯破，撕破，撕毀 You've torn a hole in your pants. 你這條褲子給劃了一道口子。 tear ...open　　　　　 撕開(kāi) te

24、ar ... a part/into pieces/halves 撕毀/撕成碎片/兩半 tear at 撕扯 tear oneself away from 忍痛離開(kāi) tear down 拆毀 tear up 撕碎 She was so angry that she tore up the letter. 她太生氣了以至于撕毀了這封信。 Nowadays，children can't tear themselves away from the computer games. 當(dāng)今，兒童難以割舍電腦游戲。 【巧記】 Tears in her ey

25、es, she tore her boyfriend's letter into pieces. 眼含著淚，她把男朋友的信撕成了碎片。 (tear作動(dòng)詞；意為“撕；扯”，讀音為[te?]，作為名詞常用復(fù)數(shù)，意為“眼淚”，讀音為[tI?]) 　　 (1)She tore_up_his_letter (撕碎他的信) and threw it away. (2)Lister grabbed the envelope and tore it open (撕開(kāi)) to see if he'd got the job. 13．hardship n．[U，C]艱難困苦 Pe

26、ople suffered many hardships during that long winter. 在那個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的冬季，人們吃了很多苦頭。 It was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening. 在這么一個(gè)宜人的傍晚步行回家一點(diǎn)也不辛苦。 　　 (1)The old man's face showed the_hardship_all_through_his_life (他一生的困苦)． (2)It_is_not_a_hardship_but_a_pleasure (不是一件苦差事而是一件快樂(lè)的事情) to

27、learn English well. 1．take over接管，占上風(fēng)，取而代之 Try not to let negative thoughts take over. 盡量別被消極的思想左右。 take in　　收留，欺騙，吸入，注意到；理解 take on 雇用，呈現(xiàn)，接納(乘客) take up 占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等)，開(kāi)始從事 Our company has taken on a new look. 我們公司已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)出了新貌。 　　 (1)Roger took_up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

28、 (2)His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over. (3)Our hometown took_on a new look. (4)Don't be_taken_in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week. 2．be caught in遭遇到，被……抓到 She was caught in a thunderstorm. 她遭遇了雷雨。 She was torn between study and football,

29、 so she was caught in a dilemma. 她在學(xué)習(xí)和足球之間難以取舍，處在進(jìn)退兩難的境地中。 be dressed in　　　　　穿著…… be lost in 著迷…… be determined to do 決定做…… be buried in 忙于…… 這些短語(yǔ)，如果位于句首作狀語(yǔ)都是用其過(guò)去分詞形式。 Buried in his work, he even didn't notice me. 他埋頭于工作，甚至沒(méi)有注意到我。 　　 (1)Caught_in_a_big_rain (遭遇到大雨), we had to stop f

30、or a moment. (2)He only stood there, lost_in_thought (陷入沉思)． 3．in addition 此外，相當(dāng)于besides In addition, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge. 另外，你應(yīng)該尊重所有那些無(wú)私幫助你獲得很多知識(shí)的老師們。 in addition, in addition to (1)in addition另外(＝as well，相當(dāng)于副詞用法)。 In additio

31、n，the owner of the land may charge an extra fee. 此外，地主可能還要額外收費(fèi)。 (2)in addition to除……之外(還)(＝as well as，相當(dāng)于介詞)。 In addition to swimming, she likes tennis. 除游泳外，她還喜歡打網(wǎng)球。 　　 (1)In_addition_to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. (2)There was an earthquake and, in_addition,_ther

32、e were tidal waves. 4．a(chǎn)fter all畢竟，終究，別忘了 Why not be kind to her？After all, she is your friend. 為什么不對(duì)她好一點(diǎn)？畢竟，她是你的朋友。 Though it was raining heavily, we went to the seaside after all. 盡管下大雨，我們還是去了海邊。 [注意]　after all位于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)看法，意為“須知”“畢竟”，位于句末，表示語(yǔ)氣轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“盡管”“然而”。 in all　　　　　　　 總計(jì) all in all 總的說(shuō)來(lái)

33、all along 一直，始終 all over 到處 above all 首先，最重要的是 at all 全然，究竟，到底 All in all, traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，旅游是充實(shí)自己、準(zhǔn)備迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)的最好的選擇。 　　 你根本不該責(zé)備那男孩，他畢竟還是個(gè)孩子；況且，他總共才出了兩處錯(cuò)。 You shouldn't have scolded the boy at_all,_he is

34、a child after_all;_above_all,_he made only two mistakes in_all. 5．cope with對(duì)付，應(yīng)付 She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in heavy traffic. 她不是個(gè)稱職的司機(jī)，在交通擁擠時(shí)就開(kāi)不好車。 cope with, deal with (1)cope with意為“有效地或成功地對(duì)付或應(yīng)付”。 A family and a full time job is a lot to cope with. 照顧家庭

35、并干一份全職工作需要花很大精力。 (2)deal with只是采取行動(dòng)去對(duì)付某人或某事，并不考慮能否成功。 Who's dealing with the Glaxo account? 是誰(shuí)在負(fù)責(zé)葛蘭素公司的賬目？ 　　 (1)The system can cope_with up to 40 terminals. (2)He's trying to deal_with the matter. 6．take one's mind off ...使某人的注意力離開(kāi)…… The mother took the boy's mind off the pa

36、in by showing him a toy. 母親給這個(gè)小男孩一個(gè)玩具使他忘記了疼痛。 keep sb.'s mind on專心于，把注意力集中于 put sb.'s mind to 專心于 Please keep your mind on your studies. 請(qǐng)專心學(xué)習(xí)。 　　 I decided to clean the car to take_my_mind_off (不再想) the events of the day. 　You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what w

37、e looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in our small boat. 你簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法想象我們被放逐在小船上漂泊了40天后在帝汶島登陸時(shí)的凄慘樣子。 not ...more是否定詞與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)的用法，意思是“再怎么樣也不過(guò)分，沒(méi)有比這更……的了”。 否定代詞或副詞和比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)含義。 No one could be better than him. 沒(méi)有人比他更好了。 I couldn't agree with you more. 我完全同意你

38、的意見(jiàn)。 You can't praise him more for saving the little girl. 因?yàn)榫攘诉@個(gè)女孩，你再怎么表?yè)P(yáng)他也不過(guò)分。 　　 (1)—How do you like the film? —Very interesting. I have_never_seen_a_better_one (從來(lái)沒(méi)看過(guò)比這更好的)． (2)I have_never_met_a_more_lovely_baby (從來(lái)沒(méi)遇到過(guò)更可愛(ài)的小孩) than him. 如何寫“Persuasive writing” 【寫作任務(wù)】 如何理解“成功”

39、，不同的人有不同的看法。請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面的引語(yǔ)(quotation)，按要求用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文。 “Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.” —Sir Winston Churchill 內(nèi)容要求： 1．你對(duì)該引語(yǔ)的理解； 2．你的相關(guān)經(jīng)歷； 3．恰當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)尾。 注意：1.短文開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息； 3．詞數(shù)：100左右。 This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us

40、 that _______________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【范文在線】 This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get discouraged right after failures. Rather

41、, we should keep trying with enthusiasm. Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures. At the age of twelve, I got a nice bike as a birthday gift. So excited was I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding it. However, it was harder than expected. The bike seemed too

42、 heavy and difficult to control. Worse still, I took many falls off the bike. I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going. With more practice, I did better and better. Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. Actually, we can't

43、succeed in everything we try. What's important is that we should stick at it. 【靚點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊】 1．本文采用了比較典型的議論文模式，即呈現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象——提出觀點(diǎn)(立論)——分析問(wèn)題，給出論據(jù)——得出結(jié)論。 2．文章中的高級(jí)詞匯：get discouraged; keep trying with enthusiasm; consist in; worse still；文章中的高級(jí)句型：so ... that ... 的倒裝句；couldn't wait to; too ... to ...; be abou

44、t to do when；現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)；虛擬語(yǔ)氣；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 英語(yǔ)中persuasive writing類的文章相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)中的說(shuō)理性作文。這類文章可分為多種，其中之一是對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式，即給出兩個(gè)對(duì)立的事物或者一個(gè)事物對(duì)立的兩個(gè)方面，要求支持一方并進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。這種作文從結(jié)構(gòu)上講一般分為三部分：引導(dǎo)段、支撐段和結(jié)束段。 引導(dǎo)段：主題句必須是可辯論的，不是說(shuō)事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)觀點(diǎn)；主題句的位置最好在第一段的最后一句。 支撐段：可能由多段組成，每段只能有一個(gè)意思——主題句＋支撐句；主題句不能定得太寬，也不能太窄；不能有任何無(wú)法用來(lái)展開(kāi)論題的多余材料。 結(jié)束段：簡(jiǎn)要重述觀點(diǎn)；不要引入

45、任何新的主題。 下面以一篇文章為例，說(shuō)明這種類型作文的寫作步驟。 請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下材料寫一篇100詞左右的短文，勸誡人們不要抽煙。 材料：中國(guó)有45%的人抽煙，甚至有一些“煙民”是學(xué)生。有些人認(rèn)為抽煙是一種快樂(lè)，甚至還有人認(rèn)為抽煙能提神，而實(shí)際上抽煙有害。 一、開(kāi)頭：提出問(wèn)題或現(xiàn)象If you take notice in some public places, you will see the fact that many smokers are young people and even middle school students.It is said that in China ab

46、out 45% of the people are smokers. 常見(jiàn)的比較正式的開(kāi)頭句型有：When it comes to .../Some think .../There is a public debate today on .../...is a common way of ..., but is it a wise one？/Recently the problem has been brought into focus./It is time we explored the truth of ... 二、提出觀點(diǎn)Why do so many people smoke？So

47、me think that smoking is a pleasure.Some even think that smoking can refresh them. 提出觀點(diǎn)的句型有：Some think ..., others think .../Another equally important aspect is .../...is only one of the many .../Another is .../Besides, other views are ... 三、進(jìn)行說(shuō)理(文章的主體部分)In fact, smoking is a bad habit that does g

48、reat harm to people's health.The study of smoking shows that many kinds of diseases have something to do with smoking.Smoking itself is a waste, which costs one so much money.Besides, fires are often caused by careless smokers. 在這一部分中可以運(yùn)用多種手法闡述觀點(diǎn)。具體有： 1．提出假想例子：Suppose that .../Just imagine wha

49、t would be like if .../It is not surprising that ... 2．舉例子：For example/instance .../...such as .../A particular example for this is ... 3．引用：One of the greatest writers said .../As sb.said .../As was said by sb. ... 4．分析原因：There are many reasons for .../The above point is certainly true if .../An

50、other reason why ...is ... 5．進(jìn)行對(duì)比：The advantages of ... than those of .../I believe that there are far more advantages for .../Although ...enjoys a distinct advantage ... 四、結(jié)尾Today, more and more people all over the world want to give up smoking.If you are not a smoker, never start! 常見(jiàn)的結(jié)尾句型有：From

51、 what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that .../In summary, it is wiser .../In short .../In my opinion ... 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下圖，按如下要求完成一篇英語(yǔ)短文： 1．簡(jiǎn)要描述圖片內(nèi)容； 2.發(fā)表個(gè)人感想。 注意：1.題目自擬； 2．詞數(shù)100左右。 ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

52、__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Many hands make light work As we can see in the picture, there is a river and a group of ants. Some ants are working together to build an “ant bridge” so that their

53、group members are able to cross the river and reach their final destination. In my opinion, this picture vividly shows the importance of teamwork. It is impossible for a single ant to cross the river, but when they work together as a group, they can achieve their goals. Similarly in our life, an

54、individual person cannot easily carry out a challenging task on his own without joining hands with others. In fact, there are a lot of occasions when teamwork is needed, such as ball games, project learning and even parties. As long as every one of us combines our efforts, we can surely cross the

55、 “river” in our life, just like what the little ants do in the picture. Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The Red Armymen suffered many hardships during the Long March with little to eat and without warm clothes. 2．Gradually,_the children began to understand more and more. 3．Victory in the last game gave them a psycho

56、logical advantage over their opponents. 4．This type of work rapidly becomes routine and attracts nobody. 5．Can future really be foreseen? Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．Tom, in addition his classmates, also joins in the activities. addition后加to 2．Dressing in a blue skirt, the girl looks very pretty. Dressing→Dress

57、ed 3．A good night out will help you take your minds off exams. minds→mind 4．Mary teared the letter to pieces without reading it. teared→tore 5．I'm on a dilemma over whether to tell him or not. on→in Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A The vast sea surrounding the continents has always interested the brave human b

58、eing.From the sea man can get food, minerals, as well as treasure.For thousands of years, man has been sailing on it, but he could not get far beneath its surface. Man has been dreaming of exploring deep into the sea.However, this is only a dream as he is not a fish.To stay deep in the sea he must

59、breathe air, so he can't stay under the water's surface for any length of time.To explore deep water, man is confronted with even more dangers and problems. A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe in and out air or have a special mixture of gases if na

60、tural air is not available.As a rule, he may wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above the water.He is equipped with a tank of air on his back and breathe through a hose (軟管) and a mouthpiece attached to the tank.It is dangerous to dive underwater because water weighs 800 times as muc

61、h as air.Tons of water pushes against a diver when he dives deep into the sea.His body is under great pressure. When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes.As he rises to surface, the water pressure becomes less.If the diver rises too quickly to the water

62、surface, the gases in his blood will not disappear, instead, they form bubbles.The diver is then likely to be suffering from the bends (潛水員病)．The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain.If the diver does not take certain measures to protect himself, they can even kill him. 1．On the whole, this

63、 passage is about________. A．special mixtures of gases in deep sea B．the problems man faces in deep­sea diving C．a(chǎn)ir pressure under the surface of sea water D．a(chǎn) kind of illness that man suffers in the sea 解析：選B　主旨大意題。本文開(kāi)始指出探索海底世界是人類的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，但是要使夢(mèng)想成真，人類需要克服許多困難。文章以大部分篇幅說(shuō)出了人類深海探索所面臨的問(wèn)題。因此B項(xiàng)最能概括

64、大意。 2．A diver's body in deep water________. A．is under great pressure B．is just like that of a fish C．suffers from the bends D．weighs very little 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句可知答案。 3．The passage does not say so, but it makes you think that________. A．deep­sea divers should be in good health

65、 B．divers explore the deep sea only for treasure C．diving under the water too quickly causes a kind of illness D．there is a special mixture of gases under the sea 解析：選A　推理判斷題。從最后兩段可看出，人類潛到深海會(huì)身受海水的巨大壓力；并容易導(dǎo)致潛水病。因此這是一種帶有危險(xiǎn)性的職業(yè)。我們可以推斷，潛水員應(yīng)該身體強(qiáng)健。故A選項(xiàng)正確。 4．Why does a diver get the bends? A．He tries

66、to do exercises under the water. B．His diving suit weighs too much. C．He comes to the surface too quickly. D．The air in his blood is used up. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最后一段第三、四句可知答案。 B In New York, Ma witnessed the Alibaba Group opening on the New York stock exchange with the largest initial public offerin

67、g (IPO，新股發(fā)行) in American history. “Alibaba, the world's largest Internet commerce company makes China equal to the US in the rapidly increasing global competition for technological innovation (創(chuàng)新) and economic transformation，” commented the South China Morning Post. It has also made Ma, the China's richest man, with a fortune of around D|S25 billion (153 bill