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題組提分練23 Unit 3 Life in the future 限時35分鐘 加黑體小題訓(xùn)練主旨大意之標(biāo)題歸納題 閱讀理解A　(2018湖北重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)考)　體裁：說明文　話題：旅游與交通　難度：★★☆☆☆ Have you ever been to the tiny Welsh village of HayonWye, situated on the River Wye on the WelshEnglish border. In the distance, it looks like any other small European town. But HayonWye has a delightful quirk that sets it apart from other small towns. Its home to 1,400 people and hundreds of thousands of books, making it the largest center for secondhand books in the entire world.(最后一句點(diǎn)明主旨) You wont find a Barnes and Noble in HayonWye, but what you will find is over 30 charming, cozy secondhand bookshops rich with the smell of old books.(By the way, theres a scientific reason you love that smell.) Theres a bookstore specializing in outofprint childrens books. A shop called “Murder and Mayhem” sells mainly crime and detective literature. And one outdoor bookshop, the Hay Castle Bookshop, is built around the walls of—you guessed it—a castle. How could a book lover possibly ask for anything more？(Though this is a Welsh town, it would be very easy to develop this Japanese literary habit here.) One of the towns most unique features is its “honesty bookshops”. There are basically just bookshelves sitting out in the open, without a cashier or employee to speak of. A sign announces the prices of the books (which are often less than one U．S. dollar), and a collection box for money sits nearby. Customers are trusted to pay, on their honour. There are no security cameras or anything; just good oldfashioned trust.(書店經(jīng)營理念) Apart from being a popular tourist destination for literary fanatics throughout the entire year, HayonWye also throws a literary festival each year at the end of May. Bookworms from all over the world flock to this tiny village to hear famous writers speak, attend book signings, and, of course, stock up on reading material. And theres plenty for the kids to do (and read) too! Here, your child grows up loving to read. 【語篇解讀】　文章介紹了一個特別的歐洲小鎮(zhèn)，它的人口沒有書本多，書店沒有營業(yè)員和收銀員，每年舉辦吸引讀書愛好者的文學(xué)節(jié)。 1．What can be the best title of the passage? A. A Small Town with More Books than People B. Honest People in a British Town C. The Most Unique Bookshops in the World D. Bookshops—a Good Place for Tired Travelers 答案與解析　A　標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段提到這個小鎮(zhèn)有1 400人，但是書本卻有成千上萬本，故選項(xiàng)A作為標(biāo)題正確。 2．Which of the following can take the place of the underlined word “quirk” in the first paragraph? A. Atmosphere. B. Situation. C. View. D. Feature. 答案與解析　D　詞義猜測題。第一段說明這個小鎮(zhèn)與其他小鎮(zhèn)的不同之處：書本比人口多，這屬于這個小鎮(zhèn)的特點(diǎn)，故畫線詞應(yīng)與feature同義。 3．The small town has the following features except that ________. A. its the largest center for secondhand books B. the bookshops there are in the Japanese style, with no security cameras C. there is a literary festival each year for book-lovers throughout the world D. customers to the honesty bookshops help themselves buying books 答案與解析　B　推理判斷題。第三段介紹書店沒有收銀員、攝像頭等，只是誠信，但沒有提及是日本風(fēng)格，故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。 4．In which column of a magazine can you probably find the passage? A. Finance. B. Fashion. C. Travel. D. Health. 答案與解析　C　文章出處題。本文介紹這個小鎮(zhèn)與眾不同的特色，以及每年吸引眾多愛書者的文學(xué)節(jié)，故這篇文章應(yīng)出自雜志的旅游欄目。 詞匯微存　oldfashioned adj.舊式的；老式的 閱讀理解B　(2018茂名五校聯(lián)考)　體裁：記敘文　話題：文學(xué)與藝術(shù)　難度：★★★☆☆ How do you get to Carnegie Hall (卡內(nèi)基音樂廳)? “Practice, practice, practice” is the well-known answer. But for some inspiring young musicians from the Afghanistan National Institute of Music in Kabul, the road to the famous concert hall was more difficult. The Afghan Youth Orchestra(AYO) is made up of young people who study at the Afghanistan National Institute of Music. It was the first orchestra created in Afghanistan in 30 years. Gulalai Norestani, 14, plays a traditional string instrument. Like many students, Gulalai became an orphan when her parents were killed during the ongoing war. Music is her salvation (救贖). “Music for me is a language of peace，” Gulalai said. “It connects people.” Milad Yousufi, 18, is a piano student. “Music is my life，” he said. Milad also lost many of his family members during the war. When music was banned, he couldnt even touch a piano. So as a 12-year-old boy, he started painting and drawing.“I used to draw a piano，” he said. Finally, Milad was free to play a real piano.“Our dream came true，”he said.“It is everyones dream to play in Carnegie Hall.” And he has more dreams.“I have a dream to continue my education in America，” he explained. “I am working hard to make that happen. Then I have a dream to e back to Afghanistan and teach and serve people.” Because of continuing limits in Afghanistan, Gulalai and Milad listen mostly to the kind of classical music they played at Carnegie Hall. But Gulalai says shes heard a bit of Jennifer Lopez and Shakira and she likes them. Milad says he has heard of Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber, but hasnt yet had a chance to listen to them. Before Milad went onstage that night with the band of Afghan kids who had survived a war, I asked him if he had ever experienced true peace. “No, not yet，” he answered, adding, “I hope I will be able to.” Later during the performance, as he played one of Carnegie Halls famous grand pianos, the look of pure joy on his face convinced me that he found peace in music. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了來自阿富汗的一些少年音樂家們到美國的卡內(nèi)基音樂廳進(jìn)行演奏、學(xué)習(xí)音樂的艱難歷程以及音樂對他們的影響等。 5．In the opinion of Gulalai, music ________. A. makes people understand each other B. calms her down in the war C. is a kind of violent language D. saves her from the killing at war 答案與解析　A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后的“‘Music for me is a language of peace，’Gulalai said.‘It connects people.’”可知，她認(rèn)為音樂是一種和平的語言，可以促進(jìn)人們之間的理解，故選A項(xiàng)。 6. What is Milads final goal? A. To play a real piano. B. To be a teacher. C. To play in Carnegie Hall. D. To be educated in America. 答案與解析　B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章中提到，Milad有好幾個夢想。但是，最終還是回到阿富汗教學(xué)，服務(wù)祖國的人民，故選B項(xiàng)。 7．According to the passage, ________. A. classical music is not played in Afghanistan B. Gulalai knows Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber well C. the music Gulalai and Milad can hear is limited D. Milad likes Jennifer Lopez and Shakira 答案與解析　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段可知，他們聽到的音樂是有限的，故選C項(xiàng)。 8．What may be the best title for the text? A. Traditional Afghan Music B. Young Musicians C. A Better Performance D. A Peace in Music 答案與解析　D　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了音樂給阿富汗的一些孩子帶來的影響，他們從戰(zhàn)爭的陰影中走出來并獲得學(xué)習(xí)音樂的機(jī)會，這給他們帶來了和平和希望，故D項(xiàng)符合主題。 詞匯微存　①pure adj.純粹的； ②convince vt.使……相信 閱讀理解C　(2018長沙聯(lián)考)　體裁：說明文　話題：科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)　難度：★★★☆☆ When youre sledding or skiing, the bright light of the sun bouncing off (反射) the snow can blind you. A good pair of sunglasses will help you enjoy your outdoor sporting activities to the fullest. Your parents might also want to wear sunglasses when theyre driving if theres a lot of snow on the ground. Sunglasses have been around a long time. It wasnt until the late 1920s, though, that inexpensive, massproduced sunglasses were introduced to the United States by Sam Foster. Fosters sunglasses became popular on the beaches of Atlantic City, New Jersey, where he sold them under the name Foster Grant from a Woolworth store on the boardwalk. Today, there are an amazing number of options when it es to sunglasses. You can get cheap sunglasses at discount stores for a few dollars. On the other hand, you can also get sunglasses at specialty optical shops that cost hundreds of dollars. What kind of sunglasses you need and how much they cost will depend upon the materials and technologies used. For example, the cheapest sunglasses use nothing more than color glass or plastic to help protect your eyes from bright sunlight. Depending upon the color used, the sunglasses will absorb certain types of light and reflect others. More expensive sunglasses will likely have polarized lenses (偏光鏡片). These special lenses help to block glare from light reflecting off of various horizontal surfaces, such as water or a highway. Polarized glasses only allow vertically polarized light through, so glare from a lake, for example, will be blocked. Highquality sunglasses will also usually feature protection from various types of ultraviolet radiation (紫外線輻射). These are the suns harmful rays that can cause sunburn and many types of eye problems. Of course, high prices dont always mean the best protection. 【語篇解讀】　一副好的太陽鏡可以幫助你享受戶外體育活動。本文介紹了好的太陽眼鏡能夠起到保護(hù)眼睛的作用，告訴人們應(yīng)該挑選什么樣的太陽眼鏡。 9．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Sunglasses were first made in the United States. B. Sunglasses were not popular in the world until the late 1920s. C. Many people only bought sunglasses from Foster Grant in the 1920s. D. Sam Foster contributed a lot to the popularity of sunglasses in the United States. 答案與解析　D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It wasnt until the late 1920s, ... introduced to the United States by Sam Foster.”可知Sam Foster對太陽眼鏡在美國的流行起到了重要作用。 10．What would be the disadvantage of the cheapest sunglasses? A. They can take in all kinds of light. B. They can hardly protect our eyes well. C. They are usually made from mon plastic. D. They allow vertically polarized light through. 答案與解析　B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段最后一句“... rarely offer the kind of protection your eyes really need.”可知便宜的太陽眼鏡不能有效保護(hù)眼睛。 11．What kind of sunglasses does the author suggest we buy? A. Sunglasses that are most expensive. B. Sunglasses that absorb most UV rays. C. Sunglasses that may cure our eye problems. D. Sunglasses that can block ultraviolet radiation. 答案與解析　D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Instead of judging your sunglasses... what percentage of UV rays they block.”可知作者推薦讀者購買能夠阻擋紫外線的太陽眼鏡。 12．What is the best title of this passage? A. Why are Sunglasses Important? B. How to Avoid Ultraviolet Radiation? C. Are Sunglasses Only Useful in Summer? D. What do You Need for Outdoor Activities? (標(biāo)題一定應(yīng)含有中心詞sunglasses，C項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)) 答案與解析　A　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了太陽眼鏡能起到保護(hù)眼睛免受紫外線傷害的作用。 詞匯微存?、賠eflect vt.反射；②to the fullest充實(shí)地 閱讀技巧11　主線法定標(biāo)題——標(biāo)題歸納題 標(biāo)題歸納題的題干中一般都有the best title, 如閱讀理解第1、8、12三小題，常見設(shè)問形式有：Which of the following is the best title of the passage？解題技巧如下：尋讀文章，查找是否有重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語，確定中心詞；速讀原文，找出各段主題句； 聯(lián)系各段主題句，結(jié)合文章中心，概括出文章中心句； 結(jié)合中心詞和中心句，提煉出文章的標(biāo)題。文章的標(biāo)題一定要新穎、醒目且與主題相關(guān)。 閱讀七選五　(2018渭南質(zhì)檢)　體裁：說明文　話題：人際關(guān)系　難度：★★★☆☆ Who doesnt want to look cool and act smart in front of friends? __1__ Dont get excited about things easily. Think about it: there is nothing new under the sun. Why jump up and down about things? It would only make you look immature and uncool. Richard Carlson once wrote: __2__ Maintain your posture in front of a falling mountain.(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)) Think twice before you talk. Similarly, dont talk like a chirping (嘰嘰喳喳叫) bird. Intelligent persons think about what they are going to say before opening their mouths. __3__ Talk slowly and with a deeper voice. __4__ Slow down when you talk. Also talk with a deeper voice, which sounds more dependable. A. You wont sound too smart if others dont understand you. B. Dont sweat over small things and everything is small. C. Especially young teenagers who are eager to show themselves. D. Remember, you can never take back what you said. E. Try to find other ways to act cool. F. Well, follow these simple steps and youll stand out among your friends. G. Match your personality. 答案與解析　 【語篇解讀】　想在朋友中脫穎而出，嘗試一下文章中介紹的幾個簡單的方法吧。 1．F　空前一句說明每個人都想在朋友面前表現(xiàn)得聰明帥氣，下文介紹了四個方法，因此選項(xiàng)F“采用下面幾個簡單的方法，你就能在朋友中脫穎而出”符合語境。 2．B　根據(jù)該段反復(fù)提到的關(guān)鍵詞things和空后一句“在正倒塌的大山前面不改色”可知選項(xiàng)B“不要為小事動聲色，一切都是小事”符合語境。 3．D　該段旨在說明說話前三思，空前一句說明聰明人在說話前考慮一下自己要說的話，故選項(xiàng)D“說出去的話收不回來”符合語境。 4．A　該段說明說話要慢、嗓音要低沉，這樣做聽上去值得信賴，也容易被他人理解，故選項(xiàng)A “如果他人不理解你，你就不會顯得多么聰明”符合語境。 5．G　該段空后的內(nèi)容說明說話做事要符合自己的個性，不要逼迫自己成為另外一個人，故選項(xiàng)G“符合自己的個性”符合語境。 詞匯微存?、賘ump up and down上下跳動；②think twice三思