英語語法術語匯總(中英對照)

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.語法 grammar句法 syntax詞法 morphology句子 sentence從句 clause詞組 phrase詞類 part of speech單詞 word實詞 notional word虛詞 structural word單純詞 simple word派生詞 derivative復合詞 compound詞性 part of speech名詞 noun專有名詞 proper noun普通名詞 common noun可數(shù)名詞 countable noun不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun抽象名詞 abstract noun具體名詞 concrete noun物質(zhì)名詞 material noun集體名詞 collective noun個體名詞 individual noun介詞 preposition連詞 conjunction動詞 verb主動詞 main verb及物動詞 transitive verb不及物動詞 intransitive verb系動詞 link verb助動詞 auxiliary verb情態(tài)動詞 modal verb規(guī)則動詞 regular verb不規(guī)則動詞 irregular verb短語動詞 phrasal verb限定動詞 finite verb非限定動詞 infinite verb使役動詞 causative verb感官動詞 verb of senses動態(tài)動詞 event verb靜態(tài)動詞 state verb感嘆詞 exclamation形容詞 adjective.原級 positive比較級 comparative最高級 superalative副詞 adverb方式副詞 adverb of manner程度副詞 adverb of degree時間副詞 adverb of time地點副詞 adverb of place修飾性副詞 adjunct連接性副詞 conjunct疑問副詞 interogative adverb關系副詞 relative adverb代詞 pronoun人稱代詞 personal pronoun物主代詞 possesive pronoun反身代詞 reflexive pronoun相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun疑問代詞 interrogative pronoun關系代詞 relative pronoun不定代詞 indefinite pronoun物主代詞 possecive pronoun名詞性物主代詞 nominal possesive prnoun形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possesive pronoun冠詞 article定冠詞 definite article不定冠詞 indefinite article數(shù)詞 numeral基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral分數(shù)詞 fractional numeral形式 form單數(shù)形式 singular form復數(shù)形式 plural form限定動詞 finite verb form非限定動詞 non-finite verb form原形 base form從句 clause從屬句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名詞從句 nominal clause定語從句 attributive clause狀語從句 adverbial clause.賓語從句 object clause主語從句 subject clause同位語從句 appositive clause時間狀語從句 adverbial clause of time地點狀語從句 adverbial clause of place方式狀語從句 adverbial clause of manner讓步狀語從句 adverbial clause of concession原因狀語從句 adverbial clause of cause結果狀語從句 adverbial clause of result目的狀語從句 adverbial clause of purpose條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of condition真實條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of real condition非真實條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition錯綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence簡單句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence復合句 complex sentence并列復合句 compound complex sentence陳述句 declarative sentence疑問句 interrogative sentence一般疑問句 general question特殊疑問句 special question選擇疑問句 alternative question附加疑問句 tag question反義疑問句 disjunctive question修辭疑問句 rhetorical question感嘆疑問句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感嘆句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主語 subject謂語 predicate賓語 object.雙賓語 dual object直接賓語 direct object間接賓語 indirect object復合賓語 complex object同源賓語 cognate object補語 complement主補 subject complement賓補 object complement表語 predicative定語 attribute同位語 appositive狀語 adverbial句法關系 syntactic relationship并列 coordinate從屬 subordination修飾 modification前置修飾 pre-modification后置修飾 post-modification限制 restriction雙重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction數(shù) number單數(shù)形式 singular form復數(shù)形式 plural form規(guī)則形式 regular form不規(guī)則形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case賓格 objective case性 gender陽性 masculine陰性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人稱 person第一人稱 first person第二人稱 second person第三人稱 third person時態(tài) tense過去將來時 past future tense過去將來進行時 past future continuous tense.過去將來完成時 past future perfect tense一般現(xiàn)在時 present simple tense一般過去時 past simple tense一般將來時 future simple tense現(xiàn)在完成時 present perfect tense過去完成時 past perfect tense將來完成時 future perfect tense將來進行時 future continuous tense過去將來進行時 past future continuous tense現(xiàn)在完成進行時 present perfect continuous tense過去完成進行時 past perfect continuous tense語態(tài) voice主動語態(tài) active voice被動語態(tài) passive voice語氣 mood陳述語氣 indicative mood祈使語氣 imperative mood虛擬語氣 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范圍 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation轉移否定 shift of negation語序 order自然語序 natural order倒裝語序 inversion全部倒裝 full inversion部分倒裝 partial inversion直接引語 direct speech間接引語 indirect speech自由直接引語 free direct speech自由間接引語 free indirect speech一致 agreement主謂一致 subject-predicate agreement語法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原則 principle of proximity強調(diào) emphasis重復 repetition語音 pronunciation語調(diào) tone升調(diào) rising tone.降調(diào) falling tone降升調(diào) falling-rising tone文體 style結構 structure層次 rank正式文體 formal非正式文體 informal口語 spoken/oral English套語 formulistic expression用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒義 commendatory貶義 derogatory幽默 humorous諷刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic英國英語 British English美國英語 American English{“ContentID“:1