高考英語大一輪復習 第三部分 寫作分類突破 第一講 讀寫類作文課件 牛津譯林版

第一講讀寫類作文寫作分類突破【題型解讀】讀寫類作文是高考英語書面表達的一個特色，出題的形式就是給出某種情景和內(nèi)容要求，請考生根據(jù)這一情景要求寫出自己的思想。這類題型相對于其他類型的題來說，特點在于考生可以充分發(fā)揮自己的思維想象能力，進而組織自己的語言來表達某種思想。因此，這類題型既有較大的靈活性，也能較好地體現(xiàn)考生的英語思維想象能力。不像其他類題型，千篇一律，但缺點就是老師的評卷給分缺少了客觀標準，主觀性較強。對于這類題型的處理，考生首先要認真閱讀前面的提示，把握準情景和要求，使表達的內(nèi)容不跑題；其次，根據(jù)情景的發(fā)展，按順序安排好材料；最后，進行合理的總結(jié)。解題步驟1.審題，明確題目要求。通過審題明確文章主題、寫作內(nèi)容、主要時態(tài)和主體人稱等問題。其中主體人稱，就是要確定以第幾人稱進行寫作。2.閱讀，抓住內(nèi)容要點。閱讀短文，找出文章的內(nèi)容要點。(1)議論文：找出論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。其關鍵是找出主題句或結(jié)論句。若文中有一分為二的觀點，兩種觀點都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的觀點。(2)記敘文：找出時間(when)，地點(where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，結(jié)果怎么樣(how)等五要素。其中，最重要的要點是某人(who)做了何事(what)。若是夾敘夾議類的文章，還要加上作者的看法、觀點、經(jīng)驗或感悟。(3)說明文和新聞報道：通常會有中心句(多在首段)，寫概要時注意要找出中心句，抓住關鍵詞。對現(xiàn)象分析型說明文，要找出“現(xiàn)象”、“造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因”、“解決這種現(xiàn)象或問題的措施或建議”。(4)發(fā)言稿：通常會很明確地表明觀點或態(tài)度，寫概要時要從發(fā)言者的言語中明確作者的態(tài)度，把握作者的寫作目的?；蛳雀爬慷未笠?，進而歸納全文主旨。3.概括，轉(zhuǎn)述作者觀點。在找出文章的內(nèi)容要點后，就要用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述原文內(nèi)容要點。要注意在用詞或句式上做到同義替換，避免抄襲之嫌。4.過渡，引出自己觀點。寫了摘要后，用句過渡的話，再引出自己的觀點(贊成或反對)或引出類似的故事。5.例證，論證自己觀點。議論文在提出自己的觀點后，就用具體的事例來論證自己的觀點。記敘文編寫與閱讀文章主題相同但情節(jié)不同的故事(親身經(jīng)歷或虛構)。6.結(jié)論，注意前后呼應。7.潤色，使其錦上添花。一查人稱是否符合要求；二查語法方面的問題，包括用詞、時態(tài)等方面的錯誤等，確?！罢Z言規(guī)范”；三查邏輯關系，看前后觀點是否一致；四查是否使用一些較為高級的句型，如非謂語動詞結(jié)構、with復合結(jié)構、定語從句、倒裝句型、恰當?shù)倪B接詞、短語動詞等?！镜淅∽C】 (2016江蘇高考) 請閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。In recent years，internet voting has become increasing popular in China.People not only cast on-line votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”.Li Jiang，a high school student，is invited to vote in the “Best Police Officer” competition，organized by the local government to let the public have a better understanding of police officers daily work.Li Jiang visits the website and reads all the stories.He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds.He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer” competition.He has already received three similar invitations this week.His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition，the family will win an overseas tour for free.Su Hua likes his cousin very much，but he finds other singers perform even better.To vote，or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much.寫作內(nèi)容1.用約30個單詞寫出上文概要；2.用約120個單詞闡述你對網(wǎng)絡投票的看法，并用23個理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。寫作要求1.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱；3.不必寫標題。評分標準內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當。滿分作文Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.In my opinion, online voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be welcomed, since it is no more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports. In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space.Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.To be honest，voters sometimes feel annoyed，not because they hate voting，but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.Therefore，I hold a positive attitude towards online voting.【模擬訓練】請閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。Lets face it. You are constantly exposed to common viruses. There is nothing you can do about them. However, you can greatly influence the effect of those viruses on your health. Dont accept that the flu or common cold is something you have to suffer from time to time. Cast off this thought and keep yourself and your entire family healthy regardless of the weather or season. These 4 easy tips will help you to reduce the number of times you are down with the flu or common cold：1.Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables daily. They will provide you with important nutrients, mainly vitamins, which are needed to increase your ability to win the fight against common viruses.2.Drink plenty of water. The water runs through your body, removing everything your body wants to get rid of.3.Sleep 8 hours per night. If you often fail to have enough sleep, not only will you feel tired, but also your immune system will work less efficiently. You will be more easily affected by viruses.寫作內(nèi)容請你用英語以“健康的生活習慣讓我們遠離病毒”為題寫一篇短文，主要內(nèi)容包括：1.以約30個詞概括以上短文的主要內(nèi)容。2.然后以約120個詞談談你對養(yǎng)成健康生活習慣的看法，內(nèi)容包括：(1)病毒的危害及形成健康生活習慣的必要性；(2)要保持健康，還有哪些可行措施；(3)倡導大家培養(yǎng)良好生活習慣，健康生活。寫作要求1.作文中可使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。評分標準內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當。_參考范文In our daily life，we may often be infected with different viruses，however，we can avoid them if we form good living habits，such as eating healthy food，drinking plenty of water，and so on.As we know，viruses can cause diseases which range from a slight cold to the murderous AIDS.To stay away from the harm of these viruses，its necessary for us to form healthy habits.In addition to the four tips mentioned in the above passage，I think forming a habit of doing physical exercise regularly is also important.Physically，doing exercise strengthens our body and builds up our immunity.Besides，think positively and keep an optimistic view on our life situations.Our encouraging thoughts will bring the best out from our immune system.In conclusion，we should lead a healthy lifestyle，holding a positive life attitude and doing sports regularly.All these habits will make us stronger and enable us to fight against viruses.