高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第三部分 寫(xiě)作分類(lèi)突破 第一講 讀寫(xiě)類(lèi)作文課件 牛津譯林版

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1、第一講讀寫(xiě)類(lèi)作文寫(xiě)作分類(lèi)突破【題型解讀】讀寫(xiě)類(lèi)作文是高考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)的一個(gè)特色，出題的形式就是給出某種情景和內(nèi)容要求，請(qǐng)考生根據(jù)這一情景要求寫(xiě)出自己的思想。這類(lèi)題型相對(duì)于其他類(lèi)型的題來(lái)說(shuō)，特點(diǎn)在于考生可以充分發(fā)揮自己的思維想象能力，進(jìn)而組織自己的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)某種思想。因此，這類(lèi)題型既有較大的靈活性，也能較好地體現(xiàn)考生的英語(yǔ)思維想象能力。不像其他類(lèi)題型，千篇一律，但缺點(diǎn)就是老師的評(píng)卷給分缺少了客觀(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，主觀(guān)性較強(qiáng)。對(duì)于這類(lèi)題型的處理，考生首先要認(rèn)真閱讀前面的提示，把握準(zhǔn)情景和要求，使表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不跑題；其次，根據(jù)情景的發(fā)展，按順序安排好材料；最后，進(jìn)行合理的總結(jié)。解題步驟1.審題，明確題目要求。通過(guò)

2、審題明確文章主題、寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容、主要時(shí)態(tài)和主體人稱(chēng)等問(wèn)題。其中主體人稱(chēng)，就是要確定以第幾人稱(chēng)進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作。2.閱讀，抓住內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。閱讀短文，找出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。(1)議論文：找出論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。其關(guān)鍵是找出主題句或結(jié)論句。若文中有一分為二的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，兩種觀(guān)點(diǎn)都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。(2)記敘文：找出時(shí)間(when)，地點(diǎn)(where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，結(jié)果怎么樣(how)等五要素。其中，最重要的要點(diǎn)是某人(who)做了何事(what)。若是夾敘夾議類(lèi)的文章，還要加上作者的看法、觀(guān)點(diǎn)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)或感悟。(3)說(shuō)明文和新聞報(bào)道：通常會(huì)有中心句(多在首段)，寫(xiě)概要時(shí)注意要找出中心

3、句，抓住關(guān)鍵詞。對(duì)現(xiàn)象分析型說(shuō)明文，要找出“現(xiàn)象”、“造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因”、“解決這種現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題的措施或建議”。(4)發(fā)言稿：通常會(huì)很明確地表明觀(guān)點(diǎn)或態(tài)度，寫(xiě)概要時(shí)要從發(fā)言者的言語(yǔ)中明確作者的態(tài)度，把握作者的寫(xiě)作目的。或先概括每段大意，進(jìn)而歸納全文主旨。3.概括，轉(zhuǎn)述作者觀(guān)點(diǎn)。在找出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)后，就要用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述原文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。要注意在用詞或句式上做到同義替換，避免抄襲之嫌。4.過(guò)渡，引出自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)。寫(xiě)了摘要后，用句過(guò)渡的話(huà)，再引出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)(贊成或反對(duì))或引出類(lèi)似的故事。5.例證，論證自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)。議論文在提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)后，就用具體的事例來(lái)論證自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。記敘文編寫(xiě)與閱讀文章主題相同但情節(jié)不同

4、的故事(親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu))。6.結(jié)論，注意前后呼應(yīng)。7.潤(rùn)色，使其錦上添花。一查人稱(chēng)是否符合要求；二查語(yǔ)法方面的問(wèn)題，包括用詞、時(shí)態(tài)等方面的錯(cuò)誤等，確?！罢Z(yǔ)言規(guī)范”；三查邏輯關(guān)系，看前后觀(guān)點(diǎn)是否一致；四查是否使用一些較為高級(jí)的句型，如非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句、倒裝句型、恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等?！镜淅∽C】 (2016江蘇高考) 請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。In recent years，internet voting has become increasing popular in China.People not only cast on-li

5、ne votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”.Li Jiang，a high school student，is invited to vote in the “Best Police Officer” competition，organized by the local government to let the public have a better understanding of poli

6、ce officers daily work.Li Jiang visits the website and reads all the stories.He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds.He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer” competition.He has already receive

7、d three similar invitations this week.His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition，the family will win an overseas tour for free.Su Hua likes his cousin very much，but he finds other singers perform even better.To vote，or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容

8、1.用約30個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)出上文概要；2.用約120個(gè)單詞闡述你對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票的看法，并用23個(gè)理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。寫(xiě)作要求1.寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句；2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)；3.不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。滿(mǎn)分作文Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over w

9、hether to vote or not.In my opinion, online voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be welcomed, since it is no more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports. In addition, the Internet

10、 makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space.Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.To be honest，voters sometimes feel annoyed，not because they hate voting，but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.Things will turn for the

11、better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.Therefore，I hold a positive attitude towards online voting.【模擬訓(xùn)練】請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。Lets face it. You are constantly exposed to common viruses. There is nothing you can do about them. However, you can greatly influence t

12、he effect of those viruses on your health. Dont accept that the flu or common cold is something you have to suffer from time to time. Cast off this thought and keep yourself and your entire family healthy regardless of the weather or season. These 4 easy tips will help you to reduce the number of ti

13、mes you are down with the flu or common cold：1.Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables daily. They will provide you with important nutrients, mainly vitamins, which are needed to increase your ability to win the fight against common viruses.2.Drink plenty of water. The water runs through your body,

14、 removing everything your body wants to get rid of.3.Sleep 8 hours per night. If you often fail to have enough sleep, not only will you feel tired, but also your immune system will work less efficiently. You will be more easily affected by viruses.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)以“健康的生活習(xí)慣讓我們遠(yuǎn)離病毒”為題寫(xiě)一篇短文，主要內(nèi)容包括：1.以約30個(gè)詞概括以

15、上短文的主要內(nèi)容。2.然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀銓?duì)養(yǎng)成健康生活習(xí)慣的看法，內(nèi)容包括：(1)病毒的危害及形成健康生活習(xí)慣的必要性；(2)要保持健康，還有哪些可行措施；(3)倡導(dǎo)大家培養(yǎng)良好生活習(xí)慣，健康生活。寫(xiě)作要求1.作文中可使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。_參考范文In our daily life，we may often be infected with different viruses，however，we can avoid them if we fo

16、rm good living habits，such as eating healthy food，drinking plenty of water，and so on.As we know，viruses can cause diseases which range from a slight cold to the murderous AIDS.To stay away from the harm of these viruses，its necessary for us to form healthy habits.In addition to the four tips mention

17、ed in the above passage，I think forming a habit of doing physical exercise regularly is also important.Physically，doing exercise strengthens our body and builds up our immunity.Besides，think positively and keep an optimistic view on our life situations.Our encouraging thoughts will bring the best out from our immune system.In conclusion，we should lead a healthy lifestyle，holding a positive life attitude and doing sports regularly.All these habits will make us stronger and enable us to fight against viruses.