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1、第一節(jié)四大解題技巧專題四語法填空欄目索引一、語法知識填充法二、詞匯填充法三、邏輯關(guān)系填充法四、固定用法填充法 (2017全國全國)Fast food is full of fat and salt;by 68._(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.一、語法知識填充法典例1解析解析考查動詞考查動詞-ing形式。形式。 根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識可知,介詞根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識可知,介詞by后要跟動詞后要跟動詞-ing形式,故此處應(yīng)該填形式,故此處應(yīng)該填eat的的-ing形式,因此答
2、案為形式,因此答案為eating。答案解析eating點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津語法知識填充法是根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識,如主謂一致等要點(diǎn)以及根據(jù)句語法知識填充法是根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識,如主謂一致等要點(diǎn)以及根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨別出需要填的相應(yīng)的連詞、副詞、形容詞以及名詞或動詞的式結(jié)構(gòu)辨別出需要填的相應(yīng)的連詞、副詞、形容詞以及名詞或動詞的正確形式等。正確形式等。 (2017全國全國)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃吃點(diǎn)心點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of you
3、r food.However,be 69._(care) not to go to extremes.牛刀小試1 解析解析考查形容詞。分析語境并根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識可知,系動詞考查形容詞。分析語境并根據(jù)語法基礎(chǔ)知識可知,系動詞be后面應(yīng)后面應(yīng)該跟形容詞作表語,故填形容詞該跟形容詞作表語,故填形容詞careful。careful答案解析 (2017全國全國)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63._(process) the food that we eat,to recover from injury
4、 and for several other bodily functions.二、詞匯填充法典例2解析解析考查動詞不定式??疾閯釉~不定式。require意為意為“要求,需要要求,需要”,require sth.to do sth.表示表示“需要某物做某事需要某物做某事”,此處用了被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故此處填,此處用了被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故此處填to process。to process 答案解析點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津詞匯填充法要根據(jù)某些詞匯在用法上的特殊搭配進(jìn)行填充。如:詞匯填充法要根據(jù)某些詞匯在用法上的特殊搭配進(jìn)行填充。如:enjoy,allow,suggest,practice等動詞后只能接動詞等動詞后只能接動詞
5、-ing形式;形式;want,demand,ask,agree,plan,intend等動詞后只能接不定式。等動詞后只能接不定式。 (2017全國全國)But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models,wants 65._(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.牛刀小試2 解析解析考查動詞不定式。動詞考查動詞不定式。動詞want 后要接不定式后要接不定式to do sth.,表示,表示“想做想做某事某事”,因此答案填,因此答案填to prove。to prove答案解析 (
6、2016四川四川)It was time for her to have a new baby,70._ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.三、邏輯關(guān)系填充法典例3解析解析考查并列連詞。句意為:她是時(shí)候再生一個(gè)孩子了,并且熊貓寶寶考查并列連詞。句意為:她是時(shí)候再生一個(gè)孩子了,并且熊貓寶寶也到了該獨(dú)立的時(shí)候了。也到了該獨(dú)立的時(shí)候了。It was time for.和和it was also time for.之間是并之間是并列關(guān)系,故用列關(guān)系,故用and連接。連接。and答案解析點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津邏輯關(guān)系填充法是指根據(jù)上下文的邏輯
7、關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充。??嫉倪壿嬯P(guān)邏輯關(guān)系填充法是指根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充。??嫉倪壿嬯P(guān)系詞匯主要有:系詞匯主要有:(1)表示并列:表示并列:and,or,meanwhile,as well as,the same as,either.or.,neither.nor.,equally(2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折:表示轉(zhuǎn)折:but,however,yet(3)表示遞進(jìn):表示遞進(jìn):still,also,indeed,besides,furthermore,moreover(4)表示讓步:表示讓步:though,although,even though,even if,anyway,anyhow(5)表示因果:表示
8、因果:as,because,since,now that,for,as a result of,so that,so/such.that.,consequently,result in/from,thus,therefore,so(6)總分關(guān)系:總分關(guān)系:for example,for instance,such as,including(7)結(jié)構(gòu)層次:結(jié)構(gòu)層次:first,second,third,finally (2017浙江浙江)Pahlsson screamed 58._ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “Sh
9、e thought I had hurt myself,” says Pahlsson.牛刀小試3 解析解析考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,so與后面的與后面的that構(gòu)成構(gòu)成so.that.句型,句型,意為意為“如此如此以至于以至于”。故答案填。故答案填so。so答案解析 (2017全國全國)When fat and salt are removed from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65._ result,people will eat more food to try to mak
10、e up for that something missing.四、固定用法填充法典例4解析解析考查固定詞組。固定短語考查固定詞組。固定短語as a result意為意為“結(jié)果結(jié)果”。句意為:結(jié)果,。句意為:結(jié)果,人們將吃更多的食物盡量去彌補(bǔ)缺少的東西。故答案填人們將吃更多的食物盡量去彌補(bǔ)缺少的東西。故答案填a。a答案解析點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津固定用法包括一些固定詞組,如:固定用法包括一些固定詞組,如:by the way,come from,be proud of,as a matter of fact,make up等以及某些常用的句型搭配,如:等以及某些常用的句型搭配,如:Itbeadj.for/of
11、 sb. to do sth.,so/such.that.,Its no need/good doing.,There is no need to do sth.,There is no doubt that.等。等。 (2016全國全國)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68._ while,exercising,or doing something you enjoy.牛刀小試4 解析解析考查固定詞組。讓你的身體和思想休息一會兒。考查固定詞組。讓你的身體和思想休息一會兒。for a while一會兒。一會兒。a答案解析