《2020人教版新目標(biāo)八年級上 Unit 5 同步練習(xí)資料包動詞不定式講解專項練習(xí)及答案》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020人教版新目標(biāo)八年級上 Unit 5 同步練習(xí)資料包動詞不定式講解專項練習(xí)及答案（8頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料
初中英語語法（動詞不定式）
1．不定式的基本形式與結(jié)構(gòu)
動詞不定式指通常由to加上動詞原形 (如to write) 所構(gòu)成的一種非限定性動詞形式，但在有些情況下to可以省略。動詞不定式有進(jìn)行體和完成體(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被動態(tài)(如to be written)，所有的主動詞，不論是及物動詞還是不及物動詞，也不論是動作動詞還是狀態(tài)動詞，都有不定式形式。助動詞除be和have外， 沒有不定式形式。動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。
2．不定式的用法
1)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語
1
2、.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago．
2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．
在上述情況下，如果不定式較長，顯得頭重腳輕，則可由代詞讓作形式主語(形式主語it不可由that或this等其他代詞代替)，而將不定式放到后面。如：
1.It made him extremely happy to get contact
3、with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago．
2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．
不定式結(jié)構(gòu)所表示的動作是誰做的，即不定式的邏輯主語，通?？梢酝ㄟ^for sb. to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)：
1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．
2.It is not difficult fot
4、those talented students to pass the exam.
在某些形容詞(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind， naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表語時，不定式后可以加of來引導(dǎo)出其邏輯主語：
1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．
2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．
2)不定式作賓語
不定式作賓語有兩種：一種是及物動詞后直接跟帶to的不定式， 另一種
5、是“及物動詞+疑問詞+帶to的不定式。
及物動詞+帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu):
只能跟動詞不定式的動詞，常見的有: afford， agree， aim， appear， ask， believe， care，claim，decide demand， desire， determine， expect， fail， happen， hesitate， hope， intend， learn， long， manage， offer， pretend， promise， prepare， refuse， seek， swear， undertake，want， wish等。
1.He manage
6、d to solve the complicated problem.
2.The stranger offered to show me the way.
3.Mr. Smith undertook to build a new plant in South Africa.
動詞+疑問代(副)詞+不定式：
這類動詞常見的有advise， decide， find out， forget， inquire， know， learn， see， regard初中英語語法總結(jié)， remember， teach， tell， understand， wonder等。常見的疑問代(副)詞有
7、: what， when， where， which， how， whether等。
1.He does not know when to start.
2.You can decide whether to continue or to stop.
3.I will show you how to deal with it.
有時，不定式可由it代替，而把不定式放到后面去。這可以用這一結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)：動詞(如find， think，consider，feel等)+it+ 形容詞+不定式。
1.She considers it necessary to make friends with
8、him.
2.We find it difficult to finish all the homework before 9 o’clock.
3)不定式做表語
一種情況為主語是不定式(表示條件)；表語也是不定式(表示結(jié)果)：
1.To see is to believe.
2.To work means to earn a living．
另一種情況為主語是以aim，duty，hope， idea，job， plan，problem， purpose，thing，wish等名詞為中心的短語，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式表語對主語起補充說明作用：；例如：
1.His a
9、im is to study abroad in the near future．
2.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the price．
3.What I want to say is to forget all the unhappy experience．
4)不定式作定語
不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作名詞詞組修飾語主要有三種類型：
第一種，被修飾的名詞詞組是不定式的邏輯賓語。例如：
1.There was really nothing to fear．
2.He gave me an interest
10、ing book to read．
如果不定式是不及物動詞，后面就得加相應(yīng)的介詞。例如：
1.Mary needs a friend to play with．
2.That girl has nothing to worry about．
3.They have a strict teacher to listen to．
4.Although the film had been on for ten minutes， I still was not able to find a chair to sit on．
第二種，被修飾的名詞詞組是不定式的邏輯主語；例如：
1.Have
11、 you got a key to unlock the door?
2.The action to be taken is correct．
3.There is nothing to be gained by pretending．
第三種，被修飾的名詞詞組是不定式的同位結(jié)構(gòu)。這類名詞通常是表示企圖、努力、傾向、目的、愿望、is算、能力、意向等意義的名詞：ability， attempt， effort， impulse， inclination，wish等。例如：
1.Her daughter will make an even bigger effort to please h
12、er．
2.I have no wish to quarrel with you．
3.Neither of them had any inclination to do business with Mary.
5)不定式作狀語
不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語通常都能轉(zhuǎn)換為限制性狀語從句。例如作原因狀語：
1.They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area．
2.They are quite surprised because they see the great changes taki
13、ng place in the area．
3.He was lucky to arrive before dark．
4.He was lucky because he arrived before dark．
作目的狀語：
1.She raised her voice to be heard better．
2.She raised her voice so that she could heard better．
3.We went via Heidelberg to miss the traffic jam．
4.We went via Heidelberg so tha
14、t we could miss the traffic jam．
作結(jié)果狀語：
1.The French football team played so successfully as to defeat the Brazilians．
2.The French football team played so successfully that they even defeated the Brazilians．
3.He got to the station only to be told the train had gone．
4.He got to the station an
15、d was told that the train had gone．
不帶to的不定式的使用
動詞不定式通常帶to，但在有些搭配中不帶to，在另一些搭配中可帶to可不帶to。歸納起來，以下情況下使用不帶to不定式：
1) 在can／could， /may／might，will／would，shall／should，must， need，dare等情態(tài)動詞之后，動詞不定式不帶to。
2)在表示感覺意義的動詞，如see初中英語語法總結(jié)，feel，watch，notice，smell，hear，observe等后，或是表示“致使”意義的動詞，如have，let，make等后，動詞不定式不帶
16、to。例如：
1.I often heard him say that he would study hard．
2.I must have him see his own mistakes．
但是，當(dāng)這類結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時，后面的不帶to不定式一般轉(zhuǎn)換為帶to不定式。
例如：
1.He was often heard to say that he would study hard．
2.After he had finished speaking，he was made to answer innumerable questions．
3)在動詞help之后可用不帶to的不定
17、式，也可用帶to的不定式。例如：
1.Help the old lady (to) carry the heavy box.
4) 在had better，would rather，may／might as well，rather than，can not but等搭配之后初中英語語法總結(jié)，動詞不定式也不帶to。例如：
1.Unless you feel to ill to go out，I would rather not stay at home tonight．
2.She could not but criticize his foolish behavior.
5) 在m
18、ake do，make believe，let drop，1et fall，1et fly，let slip，let drive，let go off，hear say，hear tell，leave go of等固定搭配中，用不帶to的動詞不定式。例如：
1.They let go of the rope．他們松開了繩子。
2.John let fly a torrent of abuse at me．約翰朝我痛罵了一頓。
3.I've heard tell of him．我聽說過他。
4.Some of the faculty were let go for lack of the
19、 students．由于生源不足，一些教職員工被解雇了。
6)在介詞but初中英語語法總結(jié)初中英語語法總結(jié)，except之后，如果其前有動詞do的某種形式，其后不定式一般不帶to，反之則必須帶to，表示“不得不初中英語語法總結(jié)，只能”。例如：
1.He will do anything except work on the farm．
2.There was nothing left for the enemy to do but surrender．
3.The spy was both hungry and cold；there was nothing left for him b
20、ut to give in．
4.I had no choice but to wait till it stopped raining．
下面一些短語是固定搭配，不帶to：
can not help but，can not choose but，can not but，do nothing but，have nothing to do but。例如：
I can not but admire his courage.
如果上述句中有do，to省略：
I did nothing but watch TV last night．
如果是下面一個固定搭配，就帶to：
I have
21、no choice but to give up my idea.
7)緊跟在why或why not之后的動詞不定式總是不帶to。但是，緊跟在who，what，which，whether等連接詞后的不定式帶to。例如：
Why stand up if you can sit down?
Why not ask your teacher when you don't understand the meaning?
You needn't decide yet whether to study arts or science．
4．不定式的完成式和進(jìn)行式
1)構(gòu)成
完成式：to+
22、 have done
進(jìn)行式：to+ be doing
2)用法
完成式：如果不定式所表示的動作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生在主要謂語動作之前初中英語語法總結(jié)，那么不定式就要用其完成式。
進(jìn)行式：如果主要謂語動作(情況)發(fā)生時，不定式所表示的動作正在發(fā)生，那么不定式就要用其進(jìn)行式。例如：
1.She feels relaxed to have finished writing her thesis before the deadline．
2.The Vikings are believed to have discovered America．
3.When you called me las
23、t night， I happened to be working on the computer．
5．不定式的被動形式
當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是動作的承受者時，不定式要用被動形式，包括它的一般式和完成式。例如：
1.For twelve years， Spanish censorship did not allow Lorca's name to be mentioned and his work to be published．
2.The snow was supposed to have been blown off the mountain．
6．不定式的否定形式
否定形式
24、是在不定式的標(biāo)志to前加not。例如：
1.I decided not to ask him again．
2.Please remember not to leave the lights on when you are out．
單項選擇
1. ______ the seeds and they will grow.
A. Water???? B. To water C. Watering???? D. Watered
2. The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but ______ work
for
25、 young people.
A. provide?? B. to provide C. providing???? D. provided
3. He arrived at the office early, ______ a good example to the others.
A. set????? B. to set C. to be set????? D. having set
4. Please make my excuse at tomorrow’s meeting — I’ve got too much work ______.
A. to do t
26、o come??B. doing coming C. to do coming??D. to do coming
5. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _____
A. to find???B. to have found C. to be found???? D. being found
6. After describing the planned improvements, she went on ______ how much they would cost.
A. to explain? B
27、. explaining C. to be explaining?D. having explained
7. To test eggs, ______ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.
A. put???? B. putting C. to put??? D. to be putting
8. Please remember ______ the plants while I’m away.
A. watering???B. to be waterin
28、g C. to water? D. being watering
9. ______ wine, first you must press the grapes.
A. Making??? B. To make C. To be making???? D. Make
10. I’ve never been so poor ______ able to afford a meal.
A. as to be not?? B. not as to be C. as not to be??D. as to not be
11. I don’t know whether to stay
29、 in teaching or ____another job.
A. trying getting??B. to try to get C. trying to get? D. try get
12. I’ll have to change my clothes before I go out — I don’t
want ______ like this.
A. to see? B. to be seeing C. to be seen???? D. being seen
13. In fact, she was the first woman ______to su
30、ch a post.
A. to elect?? B. to be electing
C. to have elected??D. to have been elected
14. I’d like ___over the Alps and looking down at the mountains.
A. flying??? B. being flying C. to be flying????? D. be flying
15. I’m learning ______ a cake. Can you explain ______ one?
A. to make
31、, to make????B. how to make, to make
C. to learn, how to make?? D. making, making
16. Whom would you rather _____ with you, Jim or Jack?
A. have go????? B. have to go C. have gone???? D. has to go
17. The husband advised ______to the south, but his wife advised him _____ up the idea.
A. mov
32、ing, giving?? B. to move, to give C. moving, to give??D. to move, giving
18. “Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer ___, thank you.” A. not to?? B. to not C. not????? D. can’t
19. I would mend your radio, but I don’t know ______.
A. how???? B. to C. how to??? D. to how
20.
33、 “I haven’t heard from Henry for a long time.” “What do you suppose ______ to him?”
A. was happening??B. to happen C. has happened??D. had happened
21. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was
the person _____.
A. to send? B. for sending it C. to send it to?D. for sending
34、 it to
22. “Do you know the girl in red?” “She seems _____ me at last month’s party. But I’m not sure.
A. to introduce to???????????????? B. to be introduced to?
C. being introduced to?????????? D. to have been introduced to
23. We all agreed ______ for another day, but Jim disagreed ____
A
35、. to wait, to do so??B. to wait,不填C. waiting, doing so?D. waiting,不填
24. He made up his mind to devote his life _____ pollution _____ happily.
A. to prevent, to live????????????? B. to prevent, from living
C. to preventing, to live????????? D. to preventing, from living
25. I wish I’d been there — I would like ____ her face when his husband came in.
A. to see????????????????????????????? B. to have seen
C. seeing????????????????????????????? D. having seen?
【參考答案】
1—5 ABBAC?
6—10 AACBC?
11—15 BCDCC?
16—20 ACACC
21—25 CDBCB?
2020人教版新目標(biāo)八年級上 Unit 5 同步練習(xí)資料包動詞不定式講解專項練習(xí)及答案
