【精校版】高中英語(yǔ)人教版 選修8教師用書(shū)：Unit 3 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案

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1、人教版精品英語(yǔ)資料（精校版） Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 1．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置 (1)單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞：一般情況下，單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ)，即放在所修飾詞之前。但有時(shí)為了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，也可放在所修飾詞之后。 A watched pot never boils. 心急鍋不開(kāi)。 Money spent is more than money earned. 花的錢(qián)比掙的錢(qián)多。 (2)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)往往作后置定語(yǔ)，即放在所修飾詞之后。 This will be the best nov

2、el of its kind ever written. 這本小說(shuō)將是這類(lèi)小說(shuō)中寫(xiě)得最好的。 This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 這就是在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷的戰(zhàn)士。 2．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)擴(kuò)展成句 作后置定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞往往可以擴(kuò)展成相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。 The suggestion (which had been) sent to the committee was adopted. 呈送給委員會(huì)的建議被采納了。 3．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)意義 (1)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)通常表示被動(dòng)和完成，即被修飾詞通常是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受

3、者，且該動(dòng)作已完成。 the question discussed yesterday 昨天討論的問(wèn)題 the person killed last year 去年被殺的人 (2)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)僅表示完成。 fallen leaves 落葉 faded flowers 凋謝的花 [考題印證]1 ①(陜西高考改編)The witnesses questioned (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. ②(湖南高考改編)You cannot acc

4、ept an opinion offered (offer) to you unless it is based on facts. ③(天津高考改編)In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used (use) in daily conversations. 二、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，通常表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞可以被看作一個(gè)形容詞，是形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞。常見(jiàn)的有seated, surprised, astonished, amazed, moved, exhausted, worried, dev

5、oted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, delighted, satisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed等。 I am pleased with the result of the experiment. 我對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果很滿(mǎn)意。 [點(diǎn)津]　過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)；動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。 The cup is broken.杯子破了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)杯子的狀態(tài)) The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作) [考題印證]2

6、 ① (新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed (disappoint)． ②(廣東高考)We got a little sunburnt/sunburned (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind. ③(福建高考改編) In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck (

7、stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. 三、過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞，表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義，有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中常用過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 (1)在感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, notice, watch等)和表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(feel, find等)后。 She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery. 看到她的孩子們?cè)?/p>

8、托兒所受到很好的照顧，她很高興。 (2)使役動(dòng)詞(keep, make, help, get, have等)后。 If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others. 如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重別人。 (3)like, want, wish, order等表示“希望；要求”等意義的動(dòng)詞后。 He wanted his eggs fried. 他愿意吃煎雞蛋。 (4)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。 He sat there, with his hands tied behind.

9、 他手被捆在后面坐在那里。 [考題印證]3 (北京高考改編)When we saw the road blocked (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. Ⅰ.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．China is a developing(develop) country and America is a developed (develop) country. 2．Look, the falling (fall) leaves are all yellow. Lots of fallen (fall) l

10、eaves make the road yellow. 3．We were satisfied (satisfy) with the result. 4．What is the language spoken (speak) in Japan? 5．I heard someone calling (call) me when I came in. 6．I heard my name called (call) when I came in. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The message conveyed (傳遞的) here is clear：“Actions speak loud

11、er than words.” 2．Amazed at how skillful they were, I was_determined_to (決心) be just as good. 3．The broken_bowl (破損的碗) will be thrown at once. 4．He sat there, with his hands tied_to_the_chair (捆在椅子上)． 5．He found his_hometown_greatly_changed (他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大)． 6．What made the_dog_so_frightened (這

12、只狗這樣害怕)? 7．The manager won’t want a_lot_of_money_wasted (一大筆錢(qián)浪費(fèi)掉)． 8．My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel_encouraged (感到受鼓舞) by his compliments. 求職信 假如你是高健，請(qǐng)閱讀下面一則廣告并根據(jù)表中所提供的信息寫(xiě)一封求職信。 Wanted Capital　Car　Company A Secretary　Of　English　Language 出生時(shí)間 1989-12-0

13、6 性別 男 年齡 28 籍貫 江蘇南通 身體狀況 健康 婚否 否 閱歷 2012年南京大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系畢業(yè)；一直做導(dǎo)游工作 技能 會(huì)打字；能講、會(huì)寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)；能開(kāi)汽車(chē)；能熟練使用電腦 愛(ài)好 喜歡游泳；能歌善舞 注意：詞數(shù)100左右； 參考詞匯：英語(yǔ)系English Department；導(dǎo)游guide；打字type Dear Sir， ①I(mǎi) have just learned from the newspaper that a secretary of English language is wanted in your company.②So I am wri

14、ting to you to introduce myself. ③My name is Gao Jian.④I was born on December 6,1989 in Nantong, Jiangsu Province.⑤I am male, aged 28 now.⑥In 2012, I finished my studies in the English Department in Nanjing University.⑦Since then, I have been working as a tour guide.⑧I can speak and write English w

15、ell.⑨I can type, drive a car and also use the computer well.⑩I remain unmarried. ?I'm in good health and fond of swimming and good at singing and dancing. ?I'm sure I'll do a good job if I'm accepted.?I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Gao Jian 第一段：表達(dá)了求職的愿望。 第二段：著重介紹了自己能勝任這份

16、工作的條件和優(yōu)勢(shì)。 第三段：希望給予答復(fù)。 使用了較為高級(jí)的詞匯。如⑤句中age一詞活用為形容詞；句中remain unmarried短語(yǔ)的使用使得文章增色不少；?句中l(wèi)ook forward to的運(yùn)用。 文章上下文連貫比較緊密。比如在②句中so一詞使得上下句之間有機(jī)連接起來(lái)，構(gòu)成了因果關(guān)系；⑦句中since then的使用等。 習(xí)作中使用了長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合的方式。如①句中that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的使用；⑨句中幾個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用等。 如何寫(xiě)求職信 求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較正規(guī)，其目的在于讓聘用方了解自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、能力、成就、愿望等，所以個(gè)人情況的介紹應(yīng)該是求職信的核心

17、內(nèi)容，應(yīng)盡可能向?qū)Ψ秸f(shuō)明本人的長(zhǎng)處，以便留下好印象，獲得進(jìn)一步面談的機(jī)會(huì)。 求職信一般包括以下內(nèi)容： 1．介紹信息來(lái)源 介紹信息來(lái)源通常是英文求職信正文部分的開(kāi)篇句，它可使求職信顯得自然、順暢。 2．表明求職心意 介紹完信息來(lái)源，應(yīng)向收信人表明自己寫(xiě)信的目的。 3．介紹個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷并表明自己的優(yōu)勢(shì) 此部分應(yīng)詳寫(xiě)，主要包括：出生日期、性別、教育程度、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)、特殊技能等。在介紹情況時(shí)，應(yīng)對(duì)自己最適合所申請(qǐng)的工作的那些方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。 4．表示感謝并請(qǐng)求答復(fù) [黃金表達(dá)] 求職信的常用語(yǔ)言： 1．開(kāi)頭語(yǔ) ①I(mǎi) learned from the newspaper that y

18、our company wanted to hire ... ②I learned from the advertisement that your company wanted a ... ③I’m writing to apply for ... ④I’m writing to you hoping that I may obtain an opportunity to ... 2．常用短語(yǔ) be in good health, be good at, be expert in, have rich working experience, enjoy doing st

19、h. , in one’s spare time, be strict with, be kind to, get on well with 3．結(jié)束語(yǔ) ①I(mǎi) would be very thankful if you would give me an early reply. ②Thank you for an early reply. ③Could you please let me know if ... ④Thank you very much. 假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，得知某英文報(bào)招聘兼職記者，你有意應(yīng)聘，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)給報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封自薦信。 1．表示感興趣；

20、2．說(shuō)明優(yōu)勢(shì)：知識(shí)面、英語(yǔ)水平、合作精神、相關(guān)經(jīng)歷； 3．希望得到回復(fù)。 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________

21、______________________________________________ 參考范文： Dear Sir or Madam， I am in the ninth grade at Xinhua Middle School. My English teacher told me that your newspaper is looking for part-time reporters. I believe I have the right skills and enough motivation to take on the job. I worked as a vo

22、lunteer at the Common Wealth Games in Australia last spring. Therefore, I had experience of working in English and interacting with people with different backgrounds. In fact, I made friends with people worldwide. I also had a chance to practice team abilities. When I came back to China, I wrote a f

23、ront-page story about my trip for our school newspaper. I stand out among my peers by keeping a strong interest in learning things beyond my textbooks. By reading newspapers daily, I am able to follow the important events and discuss them with my parents or classmates. I’d appreciate it so much if you could possibly consider my application. I’m looking forward to your early reply and please email me at lihua @yahoo. com. cn. Yours sincerely， Li Hua