2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 3 Travel journal（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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Unit 3　Travel journal 【短文語法填空】 Felicity Miller，a 32yearold British woman，1. has a Chinese husband，still remembers the 2. (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015.She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese familys group.The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the 3. (high) amount sent the next. Attracted by the unique way of municating, many foreigners 4. (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far.Usually，the money in each packet is random.Thus the amount of money one can grab 5. (large) depends on his or her luck，from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more familiar 6. Chinese culture through “red packets”．Two years ago，when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets，she had no clue about the 7. (hide) meanings.Now，she has not only known about them，but also has sent a few. However，the popularity of virtual red packets doesnt stop people sending paper red packets 8. (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival.It 9. (call) lucky money.In Chinese tradition，people take giving children lucky money as 10. blessing. 【語篇解讀】　許多外國人通過“微信紅包”更加熟悉中國文化。但是真正的紙質(zhì)紅包并未被替代，在春節(jié)時人們給孩子壓歲錢以表示對孩子的祝福。 1．who　[考查定語從句。分析本句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，先行詞為a 32yearold British woman，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語從句。] 2．excitement　[考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the可知，空處用名詞形式。] 3．highest　[考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合常識可知，搶到紅包金額最高的人要發(fā)下一個紅包，故用形容詞最高級。] 4．have joined　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“so far”，可知，到目前為止，已經(jīng)有許多外國人被“微信紅包”這一特殊的交流方式吸引，并參與了搶紅包和發(fā)紅包。據(jù)此可知，本句用現(xiàn)在完成時。] 5．largely　[考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽釉~短語“depends on”，故用副詞形式。] 6．with　[考查固定搭配。許多外國人通過“微信紅包”更加熟悉中國文化。get familiar with為固定搭配，意為“熟悉……”。] 7．hidden　[考查形容詞。Felicity Miller不知道這兩個數(shù)字后的隱藏意義。根據(jù)空前的冠詞the和空后的名詞meanings可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語，故填hidden。] 8．containing　[考查現(xiàn)在分詞。paper red packets和動詞contain之間是主謂關(guān)系且contain與句子謂語之間無連詞，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作名詞paper red packets的后置定語。] 9．is called　[考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這種紙質(zhì)的紅包被稱為“壓歲錢”。根據(jù)句意可知，主語It和動詞call之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；本句陳述的是一般現(xiàn)象，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。] 10．a(chǎn)　[考查不定冠詞。人們將給孩子壓歲錢作為一種祝福。此處泛指“一種祝?！?，故用不定冠詞。] 一．高考單詞→識記思考運用 1．核心詞匯 ①attitude n．態(tài)度；看法 ②persuade vt.說服；勸說 ③forecast n. & vt.預(yù)測；預(yù)報 ④prefer vt.更喜歡；preference n．偏愛；愛好 ⑤boil vi.指液體沸騰；水開 ⑥bend n．彎；拐角 vt.使彎曲；vi.彎身；彎腰 ⑦schedule n．時間表；進度表 vt.為某事安排時間 ⑧view n．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點；見解 vt.觀看；注視；考慮 ⑨graduate vi.畢業(yè) n．大學(xué)畢業(yè)生graduation n．畢業(yè) ⑩transport n. & vt.運輸；運送 transportation n．運輸；運輸工具 ?organize vt.組織；成立 organizer n．組織者 organization n．組織 organized adj.有組織的 ?determine vt.決定；確定；下定決心 determined adj.堅決的；有決心的 determination n．決心 2．?？荚~匯 ①fare n．費用 ②shorting n．缺點 ③insurance n．保險 ④flow vi.流動；流出 n．流動；流量 ⑤journal n．日記；雜志；定期刊物 ⑥finally adv.最后；終于 final adj.最后的，最終的 ⑦reliable adj.可信賴的；可靠的 rely vi.依靠；信賴 ⑧detail n．細節(jié)；詳情 detailed adj.詳細的；詳盡的 ⑨disadvantage n．不利條件；不便之處 advantage n．有利條件；優(yōu)勢，長處 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．This tour transports (transport) you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s！(2017全國卷Ⅲ) 2．She also organized (organize) a fundraising (募捐) drive in“Ladybug Jars”to collect everyone’s spare change during “Make Change” month.(2017北京卷) 3．For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to_rely (rely) on others.(2017全國卷Ⅲ) 4．First we carried out a discussion among all the students where various details (detail) were put forward.(2017北京卷) 5．An assumption behind UK insurance (insure) for driverless cars，introduced earlier this year, insists that a human“ be watchful and monitoring the road”at every moment.(2017天津卷) 6．But that didnt necessarily mean people preferred (prefer) positive news.(2016全國卷 Ⅲ) 7．Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally (final) say yes.(2016全國卷Ⅰ) 8．She got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled (schedule)．(2016全國卷Ⅰ) 9．We should overe our weaknesses and fears with courage and determination (determine)．(2016天津卷) 10．That young man is honest, cooperative，always there when you need his help. In short, he’s reliable (rely)．(2016浙江卷) ?前綴 fore單詞集錦 ①forecast n. & vt.預(yù)測，預(yù)報 ②foresee vt.預(yù)知，預(yù)見 ③forehead n．前額 ④forearm n．前臂 ⑤forefinger n．食指 ⑥forefather n．祖先，祖宗 ?后綴able 構(gòu)成的形容詞小結(jié) ①acceptable可以接受的，合意的 ②adjustable可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的 ③admirable令人欽佩的，值得敬仰的 ④avoidable可避免的 ⑤reliable可信賴的；可靠的 ⑥changeable易變的，變化無常的 ⑦fortable舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的 ⑧enjoyable愉快的；有趣的 ⑨reasonable合乎情理的 ⑩valuable值錢的，貴重的 ?“最終，終于”家族 ①finally adv.最后，終于 ②eventually adv.最后，終于 ③at last最終，終于 ④in the end最后，終于 ?“旅行”家族 ①voyage n．航行；航海 ②tour n．(觀光)旅行 ③travel n．旅行 ④journey n．(長途)旅行 ⑤trip n．(短途)旅行，外出 ⑥outing n．遠足 ?詞形相近詞對比記 ①attitude n．態(tài)度；看法 ②altitude n．海拔高度；高處 ③affect vt.影響；感動 n．感情 ④effect vt.引起，產(chǎn)生 n．影響效果 ⑤access n．入口，出口；進入 vt.接近；進入 ⑥assess vt.評定；估價 ⑦explore vt.探究，探索 vi.探測研究 ⑧explode vt.(使)爆炸 vi.爆發(fā)，突發(fā) 【完形填空】 Hello, Mr. WiFi. Life without you is next to impossible now. Were happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. __1__ I know you help me, sometimes youre making me do things with __2__ attention. Many times I promise myself that Ill __3__ my feelings towards you, but youre __4__ me closer and closer... Youve entered both my home and my __5__. Youre just a window for our __6__ and information. But we people arent __7__ only with the window. So we open all our __8__ for you. Is this a(n) __9__ or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment will you __10__ me to the lifelong togetherness? We want you 24/7. Cant you take a few days off so that both you and I can __11__？ Youre a poison — not a slow one but a super __12__ poison which holds our mind and makes us dance __13__ its tune. Nowadays youre so __14__ that anyone can buy and make you our __15__. Youll never be bothered about our health but well __16__ be concerned about your “health”. Because you acpany us everywhere and never let us be alone. If you were a __17__ person made of flesh and blood (血肉之軀) would we love you the same? You __18__ us with your numerous talents and we even cant get rid of you. Were all you __19__. Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations __20__， but if they did why cant we? 1．A.Now that B．Only if C．Though D．When 2．A.praised B．increased C．focused D．divided 3．A.keep in B．bring back C．a(chǎn)pprove of D．give up 4．A.drawing B．pushing C．forcing D．observing 5．A.space B．soul C．society D．workplace 6．A.entertainment B．a(chǎn)rgument C．expansion D．struggle 7．A.strict B．satisfied C．generous D．busy 8．A.thoughts B．eyes C．exits D．doors 9．A.disease B．inspiration C．routine D．phenomenon 10．A.remend B．instruct C．mit D．a(chǎn)dapt 11．A.persist B．relax C．progress D．balance 12．A.raw B．a(chǎn)mbiguous C．strong D．fast 13．A.to B．a(chǎn)gainst C．from D．within 14．A.affordable B．valuable C．conventional D．a(chǎn)ttractive 15．A.addition B．expert C．panion D．instrument 16．A.sometimes B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．seldom 17．A.selfish B．dishonest C．responsible D．real 18．A.control B．scold C．fort D．challenge 19．A.friends B．slaves C．colleagues D．employers 20．A.suffered B．connected C．survived D．surfed 【解題導(dǎo)語】作者用詼諧的語氣質(zhì)問WiFi，這呈現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代人的一種通病，那就是對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依賴。 1．C　根據(jù)語境可知，雖然(Though)作者知道WiFi幫助了自己，但是正是WiFi的特殊作用讓作者在做事情的時候會分心。 2．D　參見上題解析。 3．A　根據(jù)語境可知，作者很多次都對自己承諾說要抑制(keep in)自己對WiFi的情感。bring back“使回憶起，使想起”；approve of“同意，贊成”；give up“放棄”。 4．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處形象生動地表現(xiàn)了作者不能抗拒WiFi對自己的吸引。draw“吸引”符合語境。force“強迫，迫使”；observe“觀察”。 5．B　WiFi進入了作者的家和靈魂中。下文中的“holds our mind”是關(guān)鍵提示。 6．A　WiFi(本來)只是我們娛樂(entertainment)和獲取信息的窗口。argument“爭論”；expansion“擴張”；struggle“斗爭，奮斗”。 7．B　根據(jù)上文的“Youre just a window for our... information”以及“But”所表示的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，此處表示人們并不滿足于(satisfied)WiFi僅僅是個“窗口(window)”。 strict“嚴(yán)格的”；generous“慷慨的”。 8．D　此處表示人們將WiFi的作用擴大化，不僅僅滿足于其作為窗口的作用，而是將所有的“門(doors)”打開迎接WiFi。某種程度上而言，door是window的“升級版”。 9．A　結(jié)合下文中的“an illness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人對WiFi如此依賴的現(xiàn)象是否是一種病(disease)。inspiration“靈感”；routine“慣例”；phenomenon“現(xiàn)象”。 10．C　如果對WiFi的情感是一種依賴的話，WiFi能保證與作者一生都親密無間嗎？mit意為“保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等)，承諾”，符合語境。remend“推薦”；instruct“教導(dǎo)”；adapt“適應(yīng)”。 11．B　WiFi不能給自己放幾天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下嗎？persist“堅持”；progress“發(fā)展、(使)進步”；balance“平衡”。 12．D　根據(jù)本句中的“not a slow one”可知，WiFi并不是慢性毒藥，而是快速起效的毒藥，故用fast與slow形成對比。raw“不熟練的”；ambiguous“含糊不清的”。 13．A　WiFi是一種能控制人們的思想并使人們隨著它的音調(diào)起舞的毒藥。dance to表示“隨著……跳舞”。 14．A　根據(jù)下文中的“anyone can buy”可知，如今WiFi的價格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能買到，并使其成為人們的伴侶。affordable“支付得起的，不算太貴的”；valuable“有價值的”；conventional“傳統(tǒng)的”；attractive“有吸引力的”。 15．C　參見上題解析。下文中的“Because you acpany us everywhere and never let us be alone”亦是提示。addition“加，添加”；panion“伴侶，伙伴”；instrument“工具”。 16．B　毫無生命的WiFi是決不會在意其用戶的健康的，但是用戶們會一直擔(dān)心WiFi的“健康”，此處用always與上文的“never”形成對比，強調(diào)人們對WiFi的在意程度。 17．D　根據(jù)下文中的“person made of flesh and blood(血肉之軀)”可知，作者想知道如果WiFi成為擁有血肉之軀的真實的人，人們是否會一樣喜歡它。selfish“自私的”；dishonest“不誠實的”；responsible“負責(zé)任的”。 18．A　根據(jù)上文作者介紹的人們對WiFi的依賴及下文中的“we even cant get rid of you”可知，人們離開了WiFi簡直無法生活下去，而本句中的“with your numerous talents”正是WiFi控制人們的方式。control“控制”；scold“責(zé)備”；fort“安慰”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。 19．B　根據(jù)語境可知，WiFi控制了人們，也就是說人們成了被其掌控的奴隸(slaves)。colleague“同事”；employer“雇主”。 20．C　根據(jù)語境尤其是本句中的“in the previous generations”可知，作者非常疑惑的是在早期沒有WiFi的時候人們是如何存活(survived)下來的。suffer“受苦”；connect“聯(lián)系”；surf“沖浪”。 二．重點短語→識記思考運用 1．動詞＋介詞/副詞 ①put up張貼；搭建 ②dream about/of夢想 ③feel like想要；感覺像 ④give in投降；屈服；讓步 ⑤care about關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念 2．其他形式 ①as usual照常 ②at midnight在午夜 ③be fond of喜愛；喜歡 ④ever since自從；自……以后 ⑤change one’s mind改變主意 ⑥make_up one’ mind下決心；決定 ⑦get sb. interested in使某人對……感興趣 用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．Now Alia waited for the war to end and dreamed_of peace and a new library.(2017浙江卷) 2．I made_up_my_mind I would find out what was good in my present situation.(2016浙江卷) 3．The text is especially helpful for those who care_about their body shape. 4．For the sake of his health，finally he changed_his_mind about going on smoking. 5．The boy is_fond_of playing the piano. He has a gift for music. ?動詞＋in短語小結(jié) ①book in簽到，登記 ②check in簽到 ③count in記入，算上(某人) ④fill in填入 ⑤hand in交上 ⑥take in吸收 ?mind相關(guān)短語一覽 ①read one’s mind看懂某人的心思 ②make up one’s mind 決定 ③open one’s mind to向……敞開思想，愿意接受 ④keep/bear...in mind記住，牢記 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫 1.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。 insist that...(should) do sth.“堅持主張……”。 校方堅持主張一所好的學(xué)校應(yīng)該有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)章制度。 The school insisted that a good school (should) have strict rules and regulations. 2.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會困難而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。 主語＋be＋adj.＋to do結(jié)構(gòu)。 盡管這個問題很難解決，但我并沒有放棄，因為我堅信“有志者事竟成”。 Even though the problem was difficult to solve, I didn’t give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.” 3.We can hardly wait to see them! 我們迫不及待地想要見到他們！ can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待地要做某事”。 我迫不及待地告訴瑪麗她被北京大學(xué)錄取的好消息。 I can hardly wait to tell/can’t wait to tell Mary the good news that she has been admitted to Beijing University. 【短文改錯】 One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived，so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home，replying in a way that shocked his father. The boy said he wanted to bee farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich.” With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father sat on their fortable sofa，totally speechless. 文章大意：一天，一位富人為了讓兒子對他的財富充滿“感激”，便帶著兒子來到鄉(xiāng)村去體驗農(nóng)民的生活，沒想到結(jié)果卻令富人“無語”，因為他的兒子想當(dāng)農(nóng)民。 答案： One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son the poor lived，so he could be thankful his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， in a way that shocked his father. The boy said he wanted to beefarmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night to give them light while family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is rich.” With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father on their fortable sofa，totally speechless. ?　解析：考查句意理解以及從屬連詞。本句的意思是：有一天，一位富人帶著他的兒子去鄉(xiāng)村旅行以便讓他的兒子看看窮人是如何生活的；此處用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意為：如何；故用how。 ?　解析：考查固定短語。be thankful to后面跟人，表示感謝某人；be thankful for后面跟事物，表示對某事物表示感謝；由于此處之后接的是wealth(財富)；故用for。 ?　解析：考查連接代詞。此處用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，由于該從句中缺少主語，故用連接代詞what。 ?　解析：考查return的含義。由于return“返回”相當(dāng)于“go back/get back/e back”，即它本身就含有back的意思，其后不能再跟back；故去掉return之后的back。 ?　解析：考查謂語動詞。此處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)上文可知，此處講述的是發(fā)生在過去某一天的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過去時；故用replied。 ?　解析：考查不定冠詞。此處用來修飾單數(shù)名詞farmer，表示泛指一位農(nóng)民，故在farmer前加a。 ?　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。此處指的是：許多美麗的夜星；由于star為可數(shù)名詞；故用stars。 ?　解析：考查人稱代詞。此處用來修飾名詞family，指代的是男孩的家；故用his。 ?　解析：考查副詞。此處用來修飾形容詞rich，故用truly。 　解析：考查固定搭配。leave sb doing 指讓某人保持某動作或狀態(tài)，留下某人…；此處指的是：男孩站起來走開了，留下了他的父親坐在他們舒適的沙發(fā)上，完全說不出話來；故用sitting。