2019高考英語一輪選練編題 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

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必修3Unit 4 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修3　Unit 4) 【短文語法填空】 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I like reading very much. My classmates question is __1__ I began to love reading. Actually, I love reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was __2__ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read. __3__ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of reading was credited with the fact __4__ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. Its not really surprising __5__ literature became my vocation. Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural womens legends. Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. __6__ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall, her research showed me the answer. She argued __7__ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment. After finishing her story, I still have some doubts __8__ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi, a doctor, became a specialist in womens illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. __9__ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. __10__ she didnt choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now. 1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______ 6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______ 參考答案： 1.when　2.that　3.That　4.that　5.that　6.Whether 7．that　8.how　9.What　10.Why Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2016蘭州診斷) One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem,Pennsylvania. We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto.It was the farthest,coldest,and darkest thing a child could imagine.We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on.We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than the Antarctic,or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania. Pluto,which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”(矮行星)in 2006,captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could plete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system. Pluto’s underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive.Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts,old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,Arizona,Tombaugh’s task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light,a planet that the observatory’s founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune.On February 18,1930,Tombaugh found it.Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American,and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression’s dark encroachment (入侵). Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet.It’s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn’t the limit at all.We don’t know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look. 1.Why did Pluto bee famous in 2006 according to the passage? A.Because it disappeared in the sky. B.Because it lost its major planet status. C.Because it was discovered by an American. D.Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe. 2.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Pluto’s Romance B.Pluto Was First Discovered by a Boy C.An American Scientist:Clyde Tombaugh D.The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania 3.What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A.Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression. B.Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh. C.Clyde Tombaugh’s telescopes used for searching stars were very simple. D.Clyde Tombaugh’s job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory. 4.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph is most likely to mean 　　　. A.Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system B.Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system C.Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky D.Pluto is not a planet in the solar system,but it is more than a planet ?導(dǎo)學(xué)號92550050? B City Year UK is founded on the belief that young people can change the world. As“near peer(同等的人)” role models and tutors, our volunteers support pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds to enjoy themselves and succeed at school. But thats not all. Over the course of their City Year, they also have the opportunity to develop as leaders, with the passion, values, experience and skills to go on to lead change in their munities long after their year of service. Our Goal Our mission is to inspire the role models to help children in need succeed in school: * We give our volunteers the training and personal development they need to bee powerful and effective leaders. * We show the power of individual action to drive collective impact. Our Values PROGRESSION: we are devoted to the personal and professional development of all. ACTION: we dont just talk, we do. We are always ready. EXCELLENCE: we struggle for nothing less, no matter where we start. Our Future Plans We believe that cumulative (累積的)effect of the work of many devoted people and organizations can have a great impact.We are mitted to increasing opportunities for young people to “act” and to create more hope. Our ambition is that, by 2020, 10 years after launching in the UK, we will have at least 500 young people a year serving around 40, 000 children across five cities. Our History Click here for further information about our history, development and achievement. 1.Who will probably benefit from City Year UK? A.Young people hoping to build up their body. B.School kids lacking good living conditions or education. C.Teachers who need professional and personal training. D.Leaders trying to make great changes in their munities. 2.What will you do if you work for City Year UK? A.Help young people to stand out with hope. B.Manage to raise education funds for five cities. C.Take in more volunteers to enlarge the munity. D.Do some housework for old and disabled people. 3.The underlined word “they ”in Para. 1 refers to “________”. A.the leaders B.the pupils C.the volunteers D.the researchers 4.What type of writing is this passage? A.A news report. B.An exhibition guide. C.An official document. D.An organization instruction. 參考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D 解析： 1.[事實(shí)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段: As “near peer” role models and tutors, our volunteers support pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds to enjoy themselves and succeed at school 和Our Goal部分:Our mission is to inspire the role models to help children in need succeed in school可得答案。] 2.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Our Future Plans部分:increasing opportunities for young people to “act” and to create more hope可得答案。] 3.[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段:our volunteers support pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds to enjoy and succeed at school. 和….long after their year of service可推出該詞指代的對象。] 4.[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要介紹了一個(gè)公益組織的概況,故應(yīng)該是一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)介紹。] Ⅱ.七選五閱讀 Violent Games:Fun or Harmful? If you play lots of video games,you’ve probably blown a zombie(僵尸) into tiny bits.　1　 Many adults worry that playing such games could make children act violently in real life.Is that true? The American Academy of Pediatrics(兒科) says that violence in any kind of media—from TV to music to video games—presents a risk to kids’ health.A number of studies have shown a link between video games and aggression,including one published in JAMA Pediatrics in 2014,which found that kids who played violent video games showed an increase in aggressive thoughts and behaviours.　2　 But not all studies agree that violent games cause kids to act out.Another study replaced violent deaths with evaporation(蒸發(fā)) in a game.　3　People who played the non-violent game without any training were more aggressive afterward than people who played the violent version but learned to control themselves first. And here’s an even stranger fact:When violent video games are released,people carry out fewer violent crimes!Why?　4　Steve Levitt,coauthor of the book Freakonomics,said,“If you can make video games fun enough,then kids will stop doing everything else.They’ll stop watching TV,and they’ll stop going out and creating violent disorder on the street.” What do you think?　5　 A.One possible explanation:potential criminals are at home playing the new game. B.Then,before playing the game,some people received training and others didn’t. C.More than 3,000 kids answered survey questions during a two-year period. D.For example,thinking it’s OK to hit someone you don’t like. E.Have you ever played any violent video games? F.Do violent video games cause bad behaviour? G.Some games even pile up dead bodies. Ⅲ.短文改錯 (2016南昌二模) Everyone of us are thinking about the future.I have decided to bee a middle school teacher.Does it sound surprised? I have had this dream when I was a child.I love children.I don’t think to deal with them all years round is just wasting time.On the contrary,to me it means happiness.Like we all can see,teachers are badly needed in our country,and not many of us want to bee teachers.One of the main reasons of this is teachers work too hard but get too little.In spite of that,I’m determining to devote all my life into the cause of education. 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修3　Unit 4) 【短文語法填空】 Ⅰ. A【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了冥王星的傳奇故事及其被發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程以及對人類的意義。 1.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Pluto,which famously was downgraded from a ‘major planet’ to a ‘dwarf planet’ in 2006...”可知,2006年冥王星之所以出名是因?yàn)槠涞匚幌陆盗?從一個(gè)重要的行星變成了一顆矮行星。 2.A　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可推知,本文主要介紹了冥王星被發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程以及對人類的意義,故“冥王星的傳奇故事”適合作文章的標(biāo)題。 3.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句 “Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts,old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.”可知,克萊德湯博所使用的望遠(yuǎn)鏡比較簡單。 4.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“It’s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn’t the limit at all.”和第三段中的“...because it was a mystery that could plete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.”可推知,冥王星雖然不是太陽系邊緣的行星,但是它的發(fā)現(xiàn)意義重大,比行星還重要。 B Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章討論了暴力電子游戲帶來的是趣味還是傷害。 1.G　根據(jù)下句中的“...playing such games could make children act violently.”可知,“一些堆滿了尸體的游戲”可能會讓孩子們行為暴力。 2.D　D項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為可以打你不喜歡的人”符合本空前的aggressive thoughts and behaviours。 3.B　根據(jù)下句中的“People...without any training...people...learned to control themselves first.”可推測,“在玩游戲前,有些人接受了訓(xùn)練,而有些人沒有”。 4.A　A項(xiàng)“潛在的罪犯在家玩新游戲”是對本空前問題的“一個(gè)可能的解釋”。 5.F　根據(jù)本文標(biāo)題及全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要討論了暴力電子游戲帶來的是趣味還是傷害,故本文最后可能問的是讀者對暴力電子游戲的看法:你認(rèn)為“暴力電子游戲會引起不好的行為嗎?” Ⅲ.　　Everyone of us areis thinking about the future.I have decided to bee a middle school teacher.Does it sound surprisedsurprising? I have had this dream when I was a child.I love children.I don’t think to deal with them all yearsyear round is just wasting time.On the contrary,to me it means happiness.LikeAs we all can see,teachers are badly needed in our country,andbut not many of us want to bee teachers.One of the main reasons offor this is teachers work too hard but get too little.In spite of that,I’m determiningdetermined to devote all my life intoto the cause of education.