2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法 專項(xiàng)突破（10）定語從句（含解析）牛津譯林版.doc

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定語從句 單句語法填空 1、That’s the new machine__________parts are too small to be seen. 2、I refuse to accept the blame for something__________was someone else’s fault. 3、It’s helpful to put children in a situation__________they can see themselves differently. 4、I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions__________she stopped working because of ill health. 5、In most cases, college graduates dont mind what job they will do so long as it is one__________they can earn money to support themselves. 6、Finally he reached a lonely island__________was pletely cut off from the outside world. 7、The dishes__________I cooked were Moms favorite. 8、He wrote a letter__________he explains what had happened in the accident. 9、Simon is a edian and actor__________has 10 years experience of teaching edy. 10、The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere__________his employees enjoy their work. 11、Students should involve themselves in munity activities__________they can gain experience for growth. 12、We have launched another man-made satellite,__________is announced in today’s newspaper. 13、For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ _________ New York is an example. 14、He is now reading a book about a scientist,__________he dreams to be. 15、We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,__________the weather may be better. 單句改錯(cuò) 1、I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, it drove off quickly. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2、First,we went to Zhili Governor Office,where is a very famous tourist spot in China. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3、Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution,what is bad for living things in the world. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4、In life people make many decisions,some of what are so important that they affect us greatly. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5、It can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now. _____________________________________________________________________ 6、I stay in a dormitory with three other girls,all of them are kind and nice. _____________________________________________________________________ 7、Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence,which he wanted to make an exploration. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 8、Can you tell me the way in which you have e up with? _____________________________________________________________________ 9、Is this the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 10、Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail. _____________________________________________________________________ 11、We should take an active attitude to our studies, andtry to get a mark what is true as well as good. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 12、The idea has quickly spread to Europe which special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 13、That was the reason how he was late for school. _____________________________________________________________________ 14、I enjoyed my stay in the library when I could read various booksI was interested in. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 15、The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 答案以及解析 單句語法填空 1答案及解析： 答案：whose 解析：machine為先行詞,從句的主語parts前缺少作定語的引導(dǎo)詞,只能填入whose。 2答案及解析： 答案：that 解析：句意:我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯(cuò)誤而遭受的責(zé)備。由句意可知,題干中的先行詞為something。 當(dāng)先行詞為something, nothing,anything 等不定代詞時(shí),定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。 3答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:讓孩子置身于一個(gè)能夠從不同的角度審視自己的環(huán)境中是有好處的。所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作狀語,先行詞表示地點(diǎn),故用where。 4答案及解析： 答案：when 解析：句意:我很欽佩我的英語老師,我記得她很少有因?yàn)樯《Ｖ构ぷ鞯臅r(shí)候?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子成分可知,occasions為先行詞,關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,故填when。 5答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:在大多數(shù)情況下,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生不在乎他們將做什么工作,只要是一個(gè)能掙錢養(yǎng)活自己的工作就行。“they can eammoney to support themselves”為定語從句,先行詞為one,即a job。將先行詞代入定語從句后為they can earn money to support themselves in the job,由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故用where。 6答案及解析： 答案：which/that 解析：句意:他最后到了一座完全與外面世界隔絕的孤島上。本題考查定語從句。定語從句修飾的先行詞是island,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:The island was pletely cut off from the outside world.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作主語,且先行詞表“物”,故用that或which。 7答案及解析： 答案：which/that/不填 解析：考查定語從句。關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語,指物,用關(guān)系詞which/that,也可不填。 8答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：考查定語從句。句意:他寫了一封信,在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生了什么。先行詞為a letter,定語從句中的主謂賓成分齊全,缺少的是地點(diǎn)狀語,所以用關(guān)系副詞where。 9答案及解析： 答案：who/that 解析：考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。先行詞是a edian and actor,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,所以用who或者that。 10答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:這家公司的老板正在努力營造一種輕松的氛圍,在這種氛圍中他的員工們?nèi)枷硎芄ぷ鞯目鞓?。根?jù)句意,此處考査的是定語從句,先行詞為atmosphere,為抽象地點(diǎn)名詞,定語從句缺少狀語,故應(yīng)該用表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 11答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生參與社團(tuán)活動(dòng),在活動(dòng)中他們能夠獲得成長所需要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,從空格處一直到句尾為定語從句,修飾先行詞activities,并且先行詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填關(guān)系副詞where。 12答案及解析： 答案： which 解析：句意:我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星,這件事是在今天的報(bào)紙上宣布的。本題考查非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系詞指代前面整句話,并在定語從句中作主語,且表示“事物”,故用which引導(dǎo)。 13答案及解析： 答案：of/among which 解析：考查定語從句中的關(guān)系詞+which。句意:對于世界上許多城市來說,沒有進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展的空間,紐約就是其中的一個(gè)例子。there is no room to spread out further, 是插入語。本句中的先行詞是many cities,在定語從句中作of/among的賓語,即New York is an example of/among the cities, the cities是先行詞,指物。所以是of/among which。故本題填 (1). of/among (2). which 14答案及解析： 答案：which 解析：考查定語從句。句意:他現(xiàn)在正在讀一本關(guān)于科學(xué)家的書,他夢想成為書中的那個(gè)樣子。分析句子可知,本句中的定語從句修飾前面的一整個(gè)句子He is now reading a book about a scientist,指代整個(gè)句子的只能是which,在定語從句中作be的表語,故填which。 15答案及解析： 答案：when 解析：句意為：我們將在公園的野餐推遲到下周，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)好些。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定于從句，且在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，故填when 單句改錯(cuò) 1答案及解析： 答案：I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, drove off quickly. 解析：句意:我正在一個(gè)十字路口等綠燈,這時(shí)一個(gè)大約十歲的小女孩被一輛經(jīng)過的汽車撞倒了,這輛車快速逃逸了. it不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo). 2答案及解析： 答案：First,we went to Zhili Governor Office, is a very famous tourist spot in China. 解析：句意:首先.我們前往直隸總督府,這在中國是一個(gè)非常著名的旅游景點(diǎn). 先行同為Zhili Governor且定語從句中缺少主語.故應(yīng)將where改為which注意關(guān)系代詞that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 3答案及解析： 答案：Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution, is bad for living things in the world. 解析：句意:空氣污染是最嚴(yán)重的污染,對世界上所有生物都有害。先行詞為air pollution.關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.且在從句中作主語:what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。 4答案及解析： 答案：In life people make many decisions,some of are so important that they affect us greatly. 解析：句意:人們在生活中做很多決定,其中一些決定是如此重要以至于對我們造成巨大的影響.介詞+ which引導(dǎo)作限制性定語從句,補(bǔ)充說明先行詞decisions. 5答案及解析： 答案：can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now. 解析：句意:正如所見,現(xiàn)在在中國,越來越多的人擁有手機(jī). 關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)作限制性定語從句,且在從句中作主語,代替主句內(nèi)容。 6答案及解析： 答案：I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of / are kind and nice. 解析：句意:我和其他三個(gè)女孩住在一個(gè)宿舍里,她們都善良而友好,逗號前后均為句子,應(yīng)由連詞連接,故在all前加and;也可以將逗號后的成分看成定語從句,先行詞為girls, 指人.故需將them改為whom. 7答案及解析： 答案：Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, he wanted to make an exploration. 解析：句意:Cartier首先抵達(dá)了圣勞倫斯灣,他想在那里進(jìn)行探索.先行詞 the Gulf of the St. Lawrence指地點(diǎn).且定語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,故關(guān)系代詞which 應(yīng)改為關(guān)系副詞where。 8答案及解析： 答案：Can you tell me the way in which you have e up with? 解析：因?yàn)橄刃性~the way在從句中作賓語,故用that或which來引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 9答案及解析： 答案：Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 解析：因?yàn)槎ㄕZ從句中缺少賓語,故用which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 10答案及解析： 答案：Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail. 解析： 11答案及解析： 答案：We should take an active attitude to our studies, andtry to get a mark is true as well as good. 解析：句意:我們應(yīng)該用積極的態(tài)度對待我們的學(xué)習(xí), 努力獲得真實(shí)而又優(yōu)異的成績. 此處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞mark,且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,what不用于引導(dǎo)定語從句。 12答案及解析： 答案：The idea has quickly spread to Europe which/ special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. 解析：句意:這個(gè)理念迅速傳播到歐洲,如今這些特殊的課程在歐洲被提供給7至24個(gè)月大的嬰幼兒. 先行詞為Europe,是一個(gè)地點(diǎn),且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞 where引導(dǎo)定語從句,where相與于in which. 13答案及解析： 答案：That was the reason he was late for school. 解析：句意:那就是他上學(xué)遲到的原因. the reason作先行詞, 位用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)定語從句.why相當(dāng)于for which. 14答案及解析： 答案：I enjoyed my stay in the library I could read various booksI was interested in. 解析：句意:我喜歡在圖書館逗留, 在那里我可以閱讀各種各樣感興趣的書.先行詞library為地點(diǎn)名詞,故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語. 15答案及解析： 答案：The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. 解析：句意:這個(gè)女人說,她的丈夫幾個(gè)月前去世了, 家里沒有人能夠幫助她從句中缺少關(guān)系代詞.who引導(dǎo)定語從句, 修飾先行詞anyone else.