（新課改省份專用）2020高考英語大一輪復習 Unit 2 Working the land課下作業(yè)（一-三）（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Unit 2 Working the land 課下作業(yè)（一~三） 課下作業(yè)（一） 考點過關針對練 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to reduce (減少) air pollution. 2．His recent discoveries (發(fā)現(xiàn)) have added to his reputation in the field of science. 3．We should equip (配備) our students with wide knowledge so that they can do more for the country when they grow up. 4．The teachers often make ments (評論) on my performance. 5．I always confuse (使混淆) you and your sister — you look so alike. 6．Due to the rapid development of economy, the population of our city is expanding (擴大) rapidly. 7．With all his attention focused (關注) on his career, he has no time to attend his old parents. 8．It is known that a chemical (化學的) change will take place when a candle is burned. 9．The past decade (十年) has seen a huge rise in the number of puter owners. 10．The scientist has been trying to increase the output (產(chǎn)量) of rice to meet peoples demands. Ⅱ.語境語法填空 1．That small farm ?has_been_expanded (expand) into a modern and big farm in the past decade.Grain and vegetables grown without using chemicals ?are_exported (export) into many countries.Now farm workers ?are_struggling (struggle) hard to increase the output so as to satisfy the ever rising demand.But they have had their workload ?reduced (reduce) by 50% since the farm ?was_equipped (equip) with advanced machines years ago. 2．In order to rid himself ?of poverty, Wang Wei borrowed money from the bank and started his own business, ?on which he focused all his energy.Thanks ?to his efforts, his business has turned out to be very good and his wealth is beginning to build ?up.His fellow villagers have a hunger ?for a position in his factory.He thinks that it is his duty to keep them free ?from poverty. Ⅲ.一句多譯/句式升級/補全句子 1．他們寧愿嘗試后不成功也不愿放棄這個計劃。 ①They_would_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(would do ...rather than do ...) ②They_prefer_to_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(prefer to do ...rather than do ...) ③They_would_rather_try_and_fail_than_give_up_the_plan.(would rather do ...than do ...) 2．很多人去了紐約，使之成為美國最大的城市。 ①Many people moved to New York, which_made_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(定語從句) ②Many people moved to New York, making_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(分詞作狀語) 3．We should study hard while we are young.If we dont study hard, we will regret sooner or later.(用省略形式升級句子) →We should study hard while we are young.If_not,_we will regret sooner or later. 4．我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請未通過。(regret) We regret_to_inform_you_that your application has not been successful. Ⅳ.語境辨義 根據(jù)語境選出hunger的詞性和詞義 1．The child was weak from hunger and almost fell.__A__ 2．As is known to us, the whole world hungers for peace.__C__ 3．Nothing seems to satisfy his hunger for knowledge.__B__ 課下作業(yè)（二） 話題閱讀培優(yōu)練 Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示填空 Tuan was a farmer.For decades, he ?had_been_struggling (struggle) to rid his family of hunger.However, it always confused him ?how_to_increase_the_output (如何增加產(chǎn)量) of his crops.This ?disturbing (disturb) problem led to his regretting being a farmer.He would rather ?have_chosen (choose) another job. One day, when ?skimming (skim) through a newspaper, Tuan read a ment on Yuan Longping.He underlined Yuans ?nationality (nation) and occupation, and then focused on his discovery and the statistics of his research.He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very ?practical (practice)．Therefore, he made a summary and began to ?build_up_a_new_farming_method (開發(fā)新的耕作方法)．He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped ?himself (him) to keep his crops roots free from bacteria and pests.He also enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers. ?Thanks (thank) to Yuan Longping, he not only won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad. Ⅱ.片段選詞填空 condition， practical， discover， do research into， instruction， go against， remove， experiment Farming and Gardening Agriculture has a long history in China.Much of the wisdom ?discovered by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today.One of Chinas early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD.He spent his time ?doing_research_into agriculture.He collected information, studied it, did ?experiments and learnt from the experience of farmers. Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qi Min Yao Shu.The book is about both farming and gardening.There are also ?instructions for making wine.Jia Sixies book is a ?practical guide for farming.Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year.If you sow seeds and grow young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and the results will be better.But if you ?go_against nature and do things at the wrong time of the year, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good.The ?condition of the soil is also very important.Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and ?remove weeds.The best harvest is reached when farmers change the crops in their fields. 課下作業(yè)（三） 高考語篇提能練 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019湖北八校聯(lián)考)Leaders shape history and here is a selection of the most remarkable views into these public figures plus firsthand accounts by those with access to them. Margaret Thatcher by Charles Moore (2013) Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher.Moores account is different.He shows that far from being fearless, she could often be fearful without cause.The final volume will include her fall from power. Harold Wilson by Ben Pimlott (1992) Harold Wilson had bee a ghostly figure when this book was published in 1992.The absence heightened a sense of mystery.Who was he? How to explain his seemingly contradictory characteristics? Pimlott solves some of the mysteries; the book is detailed until Wilsons final phase as prime minister in 1974. Churchill by Roy Jenkins (2001) Jenkins writes as a politician as well as a historian, analyzing Churchills historic moves from the opinions of one who had also spoken in the mons.Jenkins had resigned from high positions in battles over policy, and as one that changed parties, though not as frequently as Churchill did. Roy Jenkins by John Campbell (2014) Campbell calmly narrates many political and personal dramas, including Jenkins intense relationship with Anthony Crosland when they were both students at Oxford.Campbell also addresses Jenkins various affairs with women.Like Jenkins political heroes, he led many lives.Campbell is sharp in describing each of them. Diaries, Volumes One to Six by Alastair Campbell(2017) Love or hate him, Campbell remains the master of the inside story, not just because of his unusual ideas on the relationship between Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.This is an incredibly detailed book on what its like to live inside No.10: the cruel space of events; and the constant conflict with the media. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了五本有關改變歷史的世界偉人的傳記，書的作者是掌握這一偉人的第一手資料者。文章具體介紹了作者姓名、出版時間、書的內(nèi)容等。 1．Which of the following leaders has the largest number of books written about him/her? A．Harold Wilson. B．Churchill. C．Margaret Thatcher. D．Tony Blair. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher.”可知，在摩爾出版他的第一本傳記之前，已經(jīng)有很多關于撒切爾夫人的書了；其他三本書的介紹中都沒有提及曾經(jīng)有專門介紹該政治家的書出版。據(jù)此可知，在介紹的四個政治領導人中，寫撒切爾夫人的書最多，故C項正確。 2．Which writer was once a politician? A．Ben Pimlott. B．Charles Moore. C．John Campbell. D．Roy Jenkins. 解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Jenkins writes as a politician as well as a historian, analyzing Churchills historic moves from the opinions of one who had also spoken in the mons.”可知，詹金斯是一位政治家，也是一位歷史學家。故D項正確。其他作者都沒有被提及曾經(jīng)是政治家。 3．Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage? A．To introduce some histories on elections. B．To remend some books on leaders. C．To tell some mysteries about historians. D．To think highly of some famous leaders. 解析：選B　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了五本有關改變歷史的世界偉人的傳記，書的作者是掌握這一偉人的第一手資料者，文章具體介紹了作者姓名、出版時間、書的內(nèi)容等。據(jù)此可知，本文旨在推薦一些關于政治領導人的書籍，故B項正確。 B (2019成都診斷)Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic (有機的) fruits and vegetables.But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more plex picture.While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides. Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones.To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs.Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers. Its true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming.But when it es to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the parison gets plex.Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre.However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides (殺蟲劑), and other methods that increase efficiency (效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms.While there isnt a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert. In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, theres not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health.The same is true for the pesticide remainder.In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, theres no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health. Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so.Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity.The real takeaway from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability. But if you cant afford to buy organic produce, dont stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective. 4．What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Dangers. B．Drawbacks. C．Benefits. D．Differences. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.”可知，雖然有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺點。再結(jié)合語境和下文陳述的有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的缺點可以判斷，畫線詞應指有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品不好的一面，B項意為“缺點”，故B項正確。 5．Which key factor makes it hard to pare organic farming with conventional farming when it es to environmental concerns? A．The yield. B．The price. C．The water loss. D．The labor. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“But when it es to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the parison gets plex”可知，當涉及諸如溫室氣體排放和水資源損失等環(huán)境問題時，比較傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)和有機農(nóng)業(yè)就困難了；且根據(jù)第三段的其他內(nèi)容可知，雖然有機農(nóng)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)相比更可持續(xù)，但因為不能使用基因工程技術、殺蟲劑及其他提高效率的方法，有機農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)量相對低，故產(chǎn)量是使得兩者之間的比較變得困難的重要因素。A項意為“產(chǎn)量”，故A項正確。 6．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with? A．Farmers work environment should be improved. B．Organic produce should be made more efficiently. C．It isnt wise for consumers to buy organic products. D．The pesticide remainder do no harm to peoples health. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技術和殺蟲劑等，有機農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量估計會比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量低19%至25%。據(jù)此可以判斷，應當提高有機農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率，故B項正確。倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句亦是提示。 7．In the authors opinion, why should we support organic produce? A．Its environmentally friendly. B．Its more nutritious. C．It helps keep the variety of plants. D．Its safer for consumers. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity.”可知，有機農(nóng)場為工人提供更安全的工作環(huán)境，而且有機農(nóng)場有助于保持生物多樣性。據(jù)此可以判斷，我們應當提倡有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的原因之一是能保持生物的多樣性，故C項正確。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Gran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer. In 1972, at the age of six, with his fathers help, he __1__ Galdhopiggen, the highest mountain in Northern Europe. Twentyfour years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest. His journey to the __2__ shows just how independent, persistent (堅持的), and determined this __3__ man is. Kropp bicycled 8,000 miles and arrived at the foothills of Mount Everest. Traveling by bike was not __4__. He stopped many times to __5__ his bike because rough roads caused mechanical problems for him. Kropp __6__ to climb Mount Everest the same way he traveled to the mountain: without the __7__ of a guide and without modern conveniences. He did not __8___ bottled oxygen to help him __9__ at high altitudes, and he carried all of his __10__ himself in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds. It took Kropp __11__ tries to reach the top of Mount Everest. The first time, he had to __12__ only 350 feet from the top because of the dangerous weather. Just a few days earlier, at the same level eight climbers had died because of a sudden snowstorm in the mountain. He felt deep sorrow for them, but became more __13__. The mountaineer waited out the storm, __14__， and tried again a few days later. This time, he was __15__. After he walked down the mountain, he got back on his bike and rode the 8,000 miles back to Sweden. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。瑞典探險家Gran Kropp在六歲時便在父親的幫助下登上北歐最高峰Galdhopiggen；二十四年后，他登上了世界最高峰——珠穆朗瑪峰。在登山過程中，他從瑞典騎行8 000英里來到山腳，在不借助他人幫助的情況下成功登上了山頂。 1．A.heard of　　　　　　　 B．dreamed of C．saw D．climbed 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“Gran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.”可知，Gran Kropp是瑞典探險家和登山者；再結(jié)合該句語境可推知，他在六歲時，在父親的幫助下登上北歐最高峰Galdhopiggen。故D項正確。 2．A.top B．country C．a(chǎn)rea D．valley 解析：選A　根據(jù)空前一句可知，在二十四年后，他登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰；由此可知，他登上世界之頂?shù)膲雅e展示了他的獨立、堅韌不拔的精神。故A項正確。 3．A.outstanding B．generous C．modest D．honest 解析：選A　上文提到他登上了世界最高峰，故可推知他是一個杰出的人。outstanding意為“杰出的”，故A項正確。 4．A.boring B．easy C．tiring D．busy 解析：選B　根據(jù)常識和下文中的“He stopped many times to ___5__ his bike ...”可知，騎行去珠穆朗瑪峰山腳下是不容易的。故B項正確。 5．A.lock B．ride C．repair D．find 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“because rough roads caused mechanical problems for him”可知，由于崎嶇的道路引發(fā)自行車機械故障，所以他不得不多次停下修理(repair)自行車。故C項正確。 6．A.chose B．refused C．a(chǎn)greed D．hated 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“without the ______ of others and without modern conveniences”可知，Kropp選擇了他到山腳下的同樣的方式去攀登山峰，即沒有向?qū)б约艾F(xiàn)代設備的幫助(assistance)。故A項正確。 7．A.presence B．a(chǎn)pproval C．a(chǎn)ssistance D．knowledge 解析：選C　參見上題解析。 8．A.gather B．order C．share D．bring 解析：選D　根據(jù)語境可知，他沒有帶(bring)氧氣瓶幫助自己在高山上呼吸(breathe)。故D項正確。 9．A.breathe B．walk C．live D．stay 解析：選A　參見上題解析。 10．A.medicines B．food C．clothes D．equipment 解析：選D　根據(jù)該句中的“he carried all of ... in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds”可知，他用一個大背包自帶所有設備(equipment)，總重大概140磅。故D項正確。 11．A.two B．three C．many D．several 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“The first time”以及該段倒數(shù)第三句中的“and tried again a few days later”可知，Kropp嘗試了兩次才登上珠穆朗瑪峰。故A項正確。 12．A.go on B．get up C．set out D．turn back 解析：選D　根據(jù)該句中的“because of the dangerous weather”可知，第一次登山時，由于天氣太危險，他不得不在離山頂只有350英尺的地方折回。D項意為“折回”，故D項正確。A項意為“繼續(xù)”；B項意為“起身”；C項意為“出發(fā)”。 13．A.astonished B．determined C．satisfied D．discouraged 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及下文中的“tried again a few days later”可知，雖然他為故去的登山者感到悲傷，但是他變得更加堅定了。故B項正確。 14．A.hid B．stopped C．survived D．rested 解析：選D　根據(jù)該句語境可知，這位登山者等暴風雪過去，休息數(shù)天，之后再次開始登山。故D項正確。 15．A.thoughtful B．successful C．doubtful D．meaningful 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“After he walked down the mountain”可知，這次他成功地登上了珠穆朗瑪峰。故B項正確。