江蘇省2019高考英語 第三部分 寫作層級訓(xùn)練 第二步 通覽全局寫作分類突破 第五講 圖“簡”意“深”巧解漫畫、圖畫類寫作（講解）.doc

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第五講　圖“簡”意“深”，巧解漫畫、圖畫類寫作 一、題型特點(diǎn) 圖畫類作文要求將畫面所包含的信息轉(zhuǎn)換成文字，旨在避免漢語思維，要求直接用英語思維。它要求根據(jù)圖畫提供的圖像信息寫一篇短文，包括敘述一個故事，或通過幾幅相關(guān)的圖畫說明某個問題或得出結(jié)論。圖畫類作文就內(nèi)容而言，可以寫觀察到的內(nèi)容，也可以根據(jù)合理想象適當(dāng)進(jìn)行發(fā)揮來補(bǔ)充一些內(nèi)容；就表達(dá)方式而言，可以單純地理解、說明，也可以在說明中加以描寫、敘述，因此該類文體不僅具有一定的觀察分析能力，還要有較強(qiáng)的語言表達(dá)能力、想象力和邏輯思維能力。寫好圖畫類作文的關(guān)鍵是：一定要根據(jù)自己掌握的詞匯與熟悉的句型結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)思短文內(nèi)容，并直接用英語表達(dá)，千萬不要先想好一句句的中文，然后逐句譯成英文，那樣就往往會超出自己的英語水平，作文中就會出現(xiàn)“生造”的英語句子，難免會出錯。另外，對于與圖畫無關(guān)的事要少寫，還要注意人稱、時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)，整個作文要通篇考慮。 二、寫作技巧 1.寫作要領(lǐng) (1)準(zhǔn)確審題。這是看圖作文寫作的基礎(chǔ)。準(zhǔn)確審題就是注意文體、人物和時態(tài)。 (2)把握情境。這是看圖作文的關(guān)鍵。要根據(jù)圖畫，合理想象，圍繞特定的主題，把握情景，(利用圖中人物間的關(guān)系、人物的對話、人物的活動及所處場所，以及圖中的文字說明和標(biāo)識來)提煉要點(diǎn)等。 (3)發(fā)表感想。圍繞主題展開合理的想象，發(fā)表自己的聯(lián)想或感想。 2.具體步驟 (1)認(rèn)真審題 首先要看題頭的漢語要求或提示，通常包括：①審文體，如是要求寫說明文還是記敘文；②審時態(tài)，如若是寫日記用過去時；③審人稱；④審要求。 (2)看懂圖意 把圖片展示的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等有機(jī)地串聯(lián)起來，使之成為內(nèi)容連貫完整的故事或事件。注意：文字說明和參考詞匯對我們理解圖畫的意思非常有用。 (3)組織要點(diǎn) 在看懂圖畫的基礎(chǔ)上，最好在草稿紙上逐條列出要點(diǎn)，以免遺漏。若是幾幅圖，要列出各圖的大意，然后將所列要點(diǎn)用完整地道的英語句子表達(dá)出來。 (4)連句成篇 首先，在理清句子之間的關(guān)系后選用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞語，把句子連接成文。其次，要避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)的單調(diào)重復(fù)。最重要的是，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)上下句之間跳躍性太大，沒有邏輯關(guān)系時，要根據(jù)自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象，增加合理細(xì)節(jié)，使文段銜接自然，行文流暢。文末應(yīng)盡量加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)束語，以使文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整。 【典例示范】 (江蘇卷)請根據(jù)你對以下兩幅圖的理解，以“Actions Speak Louder than Words”為題，用英語寫一篇作文。 參考詞匯：banner(橫幅)；stump(樹樁) 你的作文應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容： 1.簡要描述兩幅圖的內(nèi)容； 2.概述你對兩幅圖中不同做法的理解； 3.舉例說明兩幅圖對你的啟示。 注意：1.可參照圖片適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2.作文詞數(shù)150左右； 3.作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個人身份的任何信息，如校名、姓名等。 Actions Speak Louder than Words 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [參考范文] Actions Speak Louder than Words People celebrate Earth Day differently.In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees. The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage.Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it？The answer is definitely the latter.Immediate action should be taken，like stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment. Actions are important in other fields，too.Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than plaining about traffic jams.Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to acplish. 能力提升練1 (江蘇卷)下面這幅照片展現(xiàn)了女兒為回家媽媽拿包的情景。請根據(jù)你對這幅照片的理解用英語寫一篇短文。 你的短文應(yīng)包含以下內(nèi)容： 1.描述照片內(nèi)容，如情景、人物、動作，等等； 2.結(jié)合自身實(shí)際，談?wù)勀愕母邢耄? 3.舉例說明你能為家長減負(fù)做些什么。 注意：1.可參照圖中文字及下面文章開頭所給提示，作必要的發(fā)揮想象。 2.詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 3.作文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。 The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [參考范文] The__burden__of__students__has__been__a__hot__topic__for__years,__but__the__load__of__parents__has__received__little__attention,__especially__from__their__own__children. The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl es to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay my attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother’s daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 能力提升練2 (2018江蘇揚(yáng)州中學(xué)5月模擬)請根據(jù)下面的漫畫，結(jié)合你自己的切身體會，以“How to face the College Entrance Examination”為題，用英語寫一篇短評。 要求：1. 著重描述漫畫所表達(dá)的現(xiàn)象以及你的看法，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象，不要做簡單描述； 2.詞數(shù)150左右； 3.參考詞匯：補(bǔ)腦汁 tonics [參考范文] How to face the College Entrance Examination In the cartoon, a Senior 3 student is reading in bed and taking some tonics, with many books beside his bed. Seeing it, I can’t help wondering whether Senior 3 students should take a lot of tonics to keep fit. I don’t think it necessary to do it. Taking tonics will cause us to put on weight, which is bad for our health. What’s more, the price of tonics is rather high. Then what should we do to face the College Entrance Examination? In my view, we can make progress if we take the following advice. Firstly, we should work hard, do more practice and use our mind whenever we meet with problems. Secondly, try to build up our confidence, never give up or lose heart whatever happens. We also should keep a good state of mind. Thirdly, we must create our own way of learning and seek help from both teachers and classmates. Finally, we should have enough nutrients and do more physical exercise so as to keep fit. Don’t stay up! Make efforts, and we will succeed. 能力提升練3 (2018江蘇淮陰高三模擬)請根據(jù)你對以下兩幅圖的理解， 以” Bring Back A Blue Sky” 為題用英語寫一篇作文。 1.簡要描述兩幅圖的內(nèi)容。 2.概述你對兩幅圖中不同做法的理解。 3.談?wù)勥@兩幅圖對你的啟示。 注意：可參考圖片適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；作文詞數(shù)150左右。 參考詞匯：秸稈straw；霧霾 smog [參考范文] Bring Back A Blue Sky People take different attitudes towards environmental protection. In Picture 1, a farmer is burning straws, black smoke rising into the air.Obviously, the farmer hasn’t recognized what damage straw burning will cause—smog, a kind of heavy air pollution. Picture 2 shows some volunteers launch a campaign to call attention to the issue. Which action in the pictures should we take？Definitely the action in Picture 2. Immediate measures should be taken to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. We have only one earth. We want to bring back a blue sky. In my opinion, the government should adopt new policies to ban farmers from burning straws. Besides, various activities need to be organized to make it clear to people that everyone is responsible for a healthy environment. Meanwhile, it would be rewarding to educate people about ways of living that benefit the environment. Let’s work together right now!