2018高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀七選五 第1講 段首題靶向訓(xùn)練

《2018高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀七選五 第1講 段首題靶向訓(xùn)練》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2018高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀七選五 第1講 段首題靶向訓(xùn)練（10頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 專題二 閱讀七選五 第1講 段首題 [真題演練] A (2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 58210016) Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__36__ Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where

2、the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.__37__ It's understandable，but if you're will

3、ing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there. __38__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. __39__ If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your cir

4、cumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated. You didn't lose “everything”．Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at

5、 everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__40__ Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A．Learn to really trust yourself. B．It is putting confidence in someone. C．Stop regarding yourself as the

6、 victim. D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again. F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened

7、. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹了人們?cè)谠馐鼙撑押推垓_后如何重建信任。 36．解析：第一句“Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.”(信任是我們從以往經(jīng)歷中獲得的習(xí)得行為。)是對(duì)trust的解釋。選項(xiàng)B中的it指代上文出現(xiàn)的trust，并且繼續(xù)解釋trust的含義：putting confidence in someone(對(duì)某人寄托信任)，故選B項(xiàng)。注意：選項(xiàng)B與第一句為順承關(guān)系。 答案：B 37．解析：選項(xiàng)E與上文能形成因果關(guān)系?！癟hey've been too badly hur

8、t and they can't bear to let it happen again.”(他們?cè)?jīng)受過(guò)嚴(yán)重傷害，不能容忍這種事情再次發(fā)生)是上一句“Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.”(有時(shí)候人們就是不能再信任別人)的原因。并且與下一句“It's understandable...”(這是可以理解的……)有順承關(guān)系。 答案：E 38．解析：空格位于段首，根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析，極有可能是祈使句。并且選項(xiàng)A.Learn to really trust yourself.(學(xué)會(huì)真正信任你自己)與空格后的“Having confidence i

9、n yourself”形成同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。trust yourself相當(dāng)于have confidence in yourself。 答案：A 39．解析：空格位于段首，根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析，極有可能是祈使句。下文中“If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a ‘victim mentality’．”(如果你遭遇了背叛，那么你就成為客觀環(huán)境的受害者。但是成為受害者與以“受害者的心態(tài)”活著

10、是有區(qū)別的)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)victim一詞，而選項(xiàng)C中的關(guān)鍵詞也為victim，形成原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng) C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.(不要把自己當(dāng)作受害者)起到總起本段的作用。 答案：C 40．解析：“Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.”(看到事情的積極方面并不意味著你對(duì)發(fā)生的事情視而不見(jiàn))與下一句“Instead，it's a healthy way...for positive...”(相反，這是一個(gè)健康的方式……)形成轉(zhuǎn)折

11、關(guān)系。并且選項(xiàng)中的positive與下文的positive形成原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 答案：G B (2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 58210017) Secret codes(密碼) keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__36__ Co

12、de breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.__37__ For example，the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.” __38__ You might rep

13、resent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message“Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must

14、 have a code book.__39__ For example，“bridge”might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”__40__ However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A．It is very hard to break a code without the cod

15、e book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you m

16、ight write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了三種主要類型的密碼的設(shè)置方法和破解的方法。 36．解析：后句內(nèi)容可以判斷該空應(yīng)該和密碼的破譯有關(guān)，故判斷D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合語(yǔ)境邏輯，可以承接上下文。 答案：D 37．解析：后面舉的例子是來(lái)證明人們?cè)O(shè)置密碼時(shí)往往會(huì)利用一些單詞的第一個(gè)字母來(lái)作為密碼，由此

17、判斷故E選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合語(yǔ)境邏輯。 答案：E 38．解析：根據(jù)空后面的解釋內(nèi)容可以判斷這是介紹密碼設(shè)置的又一種方法，故判斷G選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：G 39．解析：根據(jù)空后面的舉例以及空前句中的 a code book可以判斷該句是介紹密碼書(shū)的使用，故判斷F選項(xiàng)可以起到承上啟下的作用。 答案：F 40．解析：根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)折可知盡管利用密碼書(shū)可以破譯密碼，但是一本密碼書(shū)也不會(huì)使用很久的時(shí)間，故判斷A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：A [模擬演練] A (2017·豫南九校聯(lián)考) You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers

18、, or this may be your first time to share your living space with someone else.__1__However, it can also be a great part of your college experience.Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year. Be clear from the beginning. Maybe you h

19、ate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning.Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up.__2__It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of proble

20、ms before they become problems. __3__ This may seem simple, but it's probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts.Don't you think he'll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line.Don't borrow, use, or take anythi

21、ng without getting permission first. Be open to change. You should expect to learn, grow and change during your time at school.__4__As the term progresses, you should realize things will change for both of you.Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being

22、 flexible to your changing environment. Follow the golden rule. __5__No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect. A．Respect your roommate's things. B．Let your roommate know about your pref

23、erences. C．Treat your roommate like you'd like to be treated. D．Living with a roommate is really a wonderful thing. E．Having a roommate surely has its challenges. F．You should correct your bad habits first. G．And the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文為說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了在

24、上學(xué)時(shí)和室友交往應(yīng)該注意的事項(xiàng)。 1．解析：根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的However可知前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可知答案為E項(xiàng)。 答案：E 2．解析：根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.”可知，指望他們能立即察覺(jué)出你的喜好是不公平的。告知他們你的需要是在問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)前就把問(wèn)題解決掉的最

25、佳方法之一，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 3．解析：本段作者告誡讀者在沒(méi)有得到室友允許的情況下，不能使用對(duì)方的東西。由此可見(jiàn)本段的主題是：要尊重室友的東西。故答案為A項(xiàng)。 答案：A 4．解析：設(shè)空處前的意思為：在校期間你應(yīng)該期望學(xué)習(xí)、成長(zhǎng)和變化。設(shè)空處后的意思為：你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到，隨著這一學(xué)期逐漸過(guò)去，事情會(huì)隨你們變化。由此可推出答案為G項(xiàng)。 答案：G 5．解析：根據(jù)主題句中的“the golden rule”，再根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的內(nèi)容可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案：C B (2017·太原高三期末檢測(cè)) Nowadays，more people lose their jobs and t

26、he prices of goods and services steadily increase.__1__．But where do I start? Everything I'm paying for is necessity.There's nothing I can cut down on. But if you take a careful and objective look at your bills and all the “stuff” you're paying for，you actually do not need a good majority of them.I

27、've put together 5 tips that you can follow right now to reduce your costs. 1．Cut Back on Eating out. Maybe you didn't notice eating out is one of the things at your budget and you can save so much money just by reducing the number of times you eat out.__2__It's so much cheaper preparing food at h

28、ome and healthier too.This does not mean that you should never eat out.You can choose special days to eat out like birthdays or anniversaries. 2．Reduce Your Electricity Consumption __3__This will help reduce your electricity consumption.With CFLs(節(jié)能燈)you save so much on power.Also unplug appliance

29、s(家用電器)that you're not using. 3．Cut Back on Magazine or Print Subscription(訂閱費(fèi)) Magazines are great but sometimes they come with articles that you don't really care about so you don't bother reading them.__4__Review your magazine or print subscriptions to determine which ones to unsubscribe from.Y

30、ou can also draw out a list of topics or categories you like reading about and search for free online alternatives where you can read about the topic of your choice. 4．Cancel Your Gym Membership or Go for a Pay-Per-Use Plan. Exercise is important to stay healthy.In fact，you save more money when yo

31、u stay physically fit than if you are in poor health.But there are more affordable ways to keep fit，if you exercise for health's sake and no as a body builder or something. Exercise at home or jog around your neighborhood.if you can't work out without an exercise trainer，try searching for exercise

32、routines on You Tube.If you want to use gym equipment，then you can convert your gym membership style to pay-per-use.__5__ Of course，you don't need to practice all of these at once，but if you are really willing to cut down on those costs，then one of these will surely come in handy. A．Start by turni

33、ng off the lights you're not using. B．They're so simple but the results are impressive C．As an alternative，make more home-cooked meals D．It's time for you to take action and do something about your bills E．That way you pay only when you come to the gym to use the equipment F．Invest in gym equip

34、ment to cut down recurrent costs of gym membership G．These days most of the information or news is available on the Internet for free. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　文章就節(jié)省家庭開(kāi)支提出了一些具體建議。 1．解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講雖然有許多人失業(yè)了，但物價(jià)并沒(méi)有下降。下句講所以我們要節(jié)省開(kāi)支。D項(xiàng)連接前后，故選D。 答案：D 2．解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講減少外出就餐次數(shù)，下句講在家吃既節(jié)省又健康。C項(xiàng)：如果兩者選一，就多

35、在家自己做飯。連接前后，故選C。 答案：C 3．解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講減少電費(fèi)開(kāi)支，A項(xiàng)：不用時(shí)關(guān)掉電燈，是節(jié)約電的具體表現(xiàn)，故選A。 答案：A 4．解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講節(jié)省報(bào)紙雜志的訂閱費(fèi)；G項(xiàng)：現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上多數(shù)的新聞是免費(fèi)的，符合本段文意，故選G。 答案：G 5．解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講取消健身房會(huì)員資格或按次數(shù)付費(fèi)，上句講如果要使用健身房的設(shè)施，改變會(huì)員形式或按次數(shù)付費(fèi)，E項(xiàng)承接上句是具體表現(xiàn)，故選E。 答案：E C (2017·福州師大附中高三期中檢測(cè)) Being Left-handed in

36、a Right-handed World The world is designed for right-handed people，but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left？__1__ The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery.Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families，it's assumed that left-handedness has a genetic(基因

37、的) component to it.__2__In fact，identical twins，who share the same genes，can sometimes prefer to use different hands.There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with，but many experts believe that it's kind of random. Historically，the left side and left-handed

38、ness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures.__3__In some areas，the left hand became known as the“unclean”hand.In many religions，the right hand of God is the favored hand.For example，Jesus sits at God's right side.God's left hand，however，is the hand of judgement.Various activities and

39、 experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved.In some parts of Scotland，it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey.__4__ A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point wit

40、h their right hand if necessary.In some Asian countries，eating with the left hand is considered impolite. __5__People come to realize that left-handedness is natural.People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed，including Benjamin Franklin，Leonardo Da Vinci，and Charlie Chaplin.Some re

41、searchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better.The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well.Being left-handed is no longer a sad story now；instead，it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.

42、 A．In other words，left-handers are born that way. B．Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability. C．The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied. D．Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities? E．Why d

43、o some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing? F．In Ghana，pointing，gesturing，giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude. G．Fortunately，nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹

44、了左撇子的成因以及在歷史上不同文化的人們對(duì)這種情況的看法。隨著時(shí)代的變化，人們現(xiàn)在對(duì)左撇子的看法已發(fā)生了改變。 1．解析：該空上句提出問(wèn)題，下文又?jǐn)⑹龃鸢?，故此處也?yīng)提出問(wèn)題，選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 2．解析：上句提到左撇子的成因有遺傳因素，故此處用A項(xiàng)進(jìn)行具體解釋。 答案：A 3．解析：結(jié)合上句，左撇子在許多文化中被認(rèn)為是不好的；下文具體敘述到不同文化中，人們對(duì)左撇子的看法，故此處應(yīng)承上啟下，選C項(xiàng)。 答案：C 4．解析：前文提到“In some parts of Scotland”以及之后的“In some Asian countries”并結(jié)合后文“giving directi

45、ons”的內(nèi)容可推知，此處應(yīng)具體敘述某一國(guó)家人們對(duì)左撇子的看法，故選F項(xiàng)。 答案：F 5．解析：本段下文提到現(xiàn)在人們開(kāi)始意識(shí)到左撇子是很正常的行為，且本句作為開(kāi)頭，可以推斷出G作為本段大意。 答案：G D (2017·龍巖高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 58210018) Maybe you often have arguments with your parents about clothes，homework，friends and many other personal things.__1__Most teenagers must be sorry or even fright

46、ened when their parents fight.They might think their parents don't love each other any more and that it would result in divorce. __2__They might disagree about important things like jobs or major family decisions.They might even disagree about little things that don't seem important at all—like wha

47、t's for dinner or what time someone gets home.Maybe sometimes parents can feel so strongly about their differences that it may lead to arguments.However，these arguments are often over quickly.__3__ As a family member，you should find out what it really means when your parents fight.When your parents

48、 get upset with each other，they might cry or say things they don't really mean.Most people lose their cool now and then，so if your parents are fighting，don't worry too much about it.__4__ If your parents' fight really bothers you，you might find it hard to sleep or go to school.__5__They may not eve

49、n realize how upset you are until you tell them how their arguments affect you.You can also tell other relatives，a teacher or a friend. Just remember that no family is perfect and arguments are common in every family. A．Try to find a good way to solve it. B．Parents might fight over small things.

50、 C．You should never argue with your parents. D．But what's going on when your parents fight with each other? E．In fact，it is normal for parents to disagree and argue from time to time. F．If this happens，try talking to one or both of your parents about their behavior. G．Parents may apologize and m

51、ake up，and the family gets back into its usual way. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇社會(huì)生活類文章，主要介紹了當(dāng)父母吵架時(shí)孩子應(yīng)該怎么做。 1．解析：根據(jù)本空后的“Most teenagers must be sorry or even frightened when their parents fight.”可知，此處應(yīng)該提到父母吵架這一話題，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：D 2．解析：根據(jù)本空后的“They might disagree about important things like jobs or major family decis

52、ions”可知，此處是說(shuō)父母意見(jiàn)不合、吵架是很正常的，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：E 3．解析：根據(jù)本空前的“However，these arguments are often over quickly.”可知，父母之間的爭(zhēng)吵很快就會(huì)結(jié)束，空處承接上文，是說(shuō)然后生活又回歸正常，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：G 4．解析：根據(jù)本空前的“Most people lose their cool now and then，so if your parents are fighting，don't worry too much about it.”可知，吵架的時(shí)候很多人都會(huì)失去冷靜，所以當(dāng)父母吵架的時(shí)候不

53、要過(guò)于擔(dān)心，要用一種正確的方式來(lái)解決，故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：A 5．解析：根據(jù)本空前的“If your parents' fight really bothers you，you might find it hard to sleep or go to school.”及本空后的“They may not even realize how upset you are until you tell them how their arguments affect you.”可知，此處是說(shuō)當(dāng)父母的吵架影響你休息和上學(xué)的時(shí)候，試著和他們或他們中的一方去談?wù)撍麄兊男袨?，這樣他們才會(huì)知道他們的行為已經(jīng)影響到了你，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：F 10