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1、第二節(jié)方法運用于命題專題一閱讀理解欄目索引閱讀理解的?？济}跟蹤訓練1.細節(jié)理解題細節(jié)理解題細節(jié)理解題在高考英語閱讀理解試題中所占比例最大，但這部分題目細節(jié)理解題在高考英語閱讀理解試題中所占比例最大，但這部分題目相對來說比較簡單，只要通過題干的關(guān)鍵詞，在文中找到題目的相關(guān)相對來說比較簡單，只要通過題干的關(guān)鍵詞，在文中找到題目的相關(guān)信息，仔細對比，就能得出答案。其正確選項特征為：同義替換、語信息，仔細對比，就能得出答案。其正確選項特征為：同義替換、語言簡化、正話反說等。其干擾項特征為：張冠李戴、無中生有、曲解言簡化、正話反說等。其干擾項特征為：張冠李戴、無中生有、曲解文意、顛倒是非等。文意、顛倒
2、是非等。閱讀理解的?？济}2.詞義猜測題詞義猜測題高考閱讀理解試題中對于詞義猜測題的考查力度逐步加大。詞義猜測是一高考閱讀理解試題中對于詞義猜測題的考查力度逐步加大。詞義猜測是一種閱讀技巧和能力，考查考生在短時間內(nèi)根據(jù)上下文快速猜測所指定的某種閱讀技巧和能力，考查考生在短時間內(nèi)根據(jù)上下文快速猜測所指定的某一個生詞、詞組或者句子含義的能力，而這些詞或詞組往往超出考綱范圍。一個生詞、詞組或者句子含義的能力，而這些詞或詞組往往超出考綱范圍。要做好該類試題需要：利用上下文線索猜測詞義要做好該類試題需要：利用上下文線索猜測詞義(重述、定義、舉例、同重述、定義、舉例、同義詞或近義詞、反義詞等義詞或近義詞、
3、反義詞等)；根據(jù)語法知識猜測詞義；根據(jù)上下文邏輯猜；根據(jù)語法知識猜測詞義；根據(jù)上下文邏輯猜測詞義；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義；根據(jù)常識或背景知識猜測詞義等。測詞義；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義；根據(jù)常識或背景知識猜測詞義等。3.推理判斷題推理判斷題推理判斷題考查考生根據(jù)字面意思，通過邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)，推敲作者推理判斷題考查考生根據(jù)字面意思，通過邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判斷題涉及的可能是文中一句或幾句的態(tài)度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判斷題涉及的可能是文中一句或幾句話，甚至是文章或段落的主題，弄清正確選項或干擾選項特征是做題的關(guān)話，甚至是文章或段落的主題，弄清正確選項或干擾選項
4、特征是做題的關(guān)鍵。其正確選項特征為：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出現(xiàn)絕對概念。鍵。其正確選項特征為：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出現(xiàn)絕對概念。其干擾選項特征為：曲解文意、張冠李戴、偷梁換柱、無中生有、魚目混其干擾選項特征為：曲解文意、張冠李戴、偷梁換柱、無中生有、魚目混珠、擴縮范圍等。珠、擴縮范圍等。4.主旨大意題主旨大意題主旨大意題主要考查考生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中主旨大意題主要考查考生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、選擇標題及判斷作者寫作意圖等形式出現(xiàn)。其正確選心大意、段落大意、選擇標題及判斷作者寫作意圖等形式出現(xiàn)。其正確選項特征為：涵蓋性強
5、，覆蓋全文或全段；確定的范圍恰當，既不太大，也項特征為：涵蓋性強，覆蓋全文或全段；確定的范圍恰當，既不太大，也不太小；精確性強，不會改變語言表意的程度及色彩。其干擾選項特征為：不太小；精確性強，不會改變語言表意的程度及色彩。其干擾選項特征為：過于籠統(tǒng)，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷換概念；無中過于籠統(tǒng)，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷換概念；無中生有，生搬硬套等。生有，生搬硬套等。點津點津解答各類命題時往往是多法并舉，而不是一種方法解決一種題。解答各類命題時往往是多法并舉，而不是一種方法解決一種題。 In the coming months，we are bringing
6、 together artists from all over the globe，to enjoy speaking Shakespeares plays in their own language，in our Globe，within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for.Please come and join us.典例1(2017全國全國，A)National Theatre of ChinaBeijing|ChineseThis great occasion(盛會盛會) will be the National Theatre of Chi
7、nas first visit to the UK.The companys productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre.This production of Shakespeares Richard will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.Date & Time：Saturday 28 April,2：30 pm & Sunday 29 April,1：30 pm & 6：30 pmMarjanishvili Theat
8、reTbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia，the Marjanishvili，founded in 1928，appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world.This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指導指導) by the companys Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.Date & Time：Friday 18 May,2：30 pm & Saturda
9、y 19 May,7：30 pmDeafinitely TheatreLondon|British Sign Language (BSL)By translating the rich and humourous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL，Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds b
10、y performing to both groups as one audience.Date & Time：Tuesday 22 May，2：30 pm & Wednesday 23 May，7：30 pmHabima National TheatreTel Aviv|HebrewThe Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide.Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the l
11、ate 1920s.Since 1958，they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel.This production of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.Date & Time：Monday 28 May,7：30 pm & Tuesday 29 May,7：30 pm 語篇解讀語篇解讀本文是四則廣告，屬于應用文。文章主要介紹了四家劇院有本文是四則廣告，屬于應用文。文章主要介紹了四家劇院有關(guān)莎士比亞戲劇的演出信
12、息。關(guān)莎士比亞戲劇的演出信息。 解析解析細節(jié)理解題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答細節(jié)理解題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)該題。根據(jù)“National Theatre of ChinaBeijing|Chinese”下面的第三下面的第三句句“This production of Shakespeares Richard will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.”可知，將要在中可知，將要在中國國家大劇院上演的是國國家大劇院上演的是Richard ，故選，故選A項。
13、項。21.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?A.Richard .B.Loves Labours Lost.C.As You Like It.D.The Merchant of Venice.答案解析222321解析解析細節(jié)理解題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位細節(jié)理解題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)“Deafinitely TheatreLondon|British Sign Language (BSL)”下面的下面的“By
14、translating the rich and humorous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL.”可知，在可知，在Deafinitely Theatre中，戲劇是用中，戲劇是用BSL(英國手語英國手語)來演出的。故選來演出的。故選C項。項。 22.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?A.It has two groups of actors.B.It is the leading theatre in London.C.It performs plays
15、 in BSL.D.It is good at producing comedies.答案解析222321解析解析細節(jié)理解題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位細節(jié)理解題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)題干中的置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)題干中的in Hebrew可以定位至可以定位至Habima National Theatre處，根據(jù)最后一部分內(nèi)容處，根據(jù)最后一部分內(nèi)容“Date & Time：Monday 28 May,7：30 pm & Tuesday 29 May,7：30 pm”可知，在可知，在5月月29日是可以日是可以在在Hebrew看戲
16、劇的，故選看戲劇的，故選D項。項。23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?A.On Saturday 28 April.B.On Sunday 29 April.C.On Tuesday 22 May.D.On Tuesday 29 May.答案解析222321 I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid，introduced us in New York City.When the studio
17、didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me.I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.典例2(2017全國全國，B)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four ye
18、ars later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft(技藝技藝) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American a
19、ctors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core(核心核心) of our relationship off the screen.We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Ho
20、le in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago.Hed been
21、 in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didnt talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.語篇解讀語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和一位著名演員本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和一位著名演員Paul Newman之間的友誼。之間的友誼。解析解析細節(jié)理解題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答細節(jié)理解題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)第一段第二句該
22、題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me.”可知，電影公司想要像保羅那樣出名的人，由此可以判斷，作者不夠出可知，電影公司想要像保羅那樣出名的人，由此可以判斷，作者不夠出名，故選名，故選C項。項。24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?A.Paul Newman wanted it.B.The studio pow
23、ers didnt like his agent.C.He wasnt famous enough.D.The director recommended someone else.答案解析2526242725.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?A.They were of the same age.B.They worked in the same theater.C.They were both good actors.D.They had similar characteristics.答案解析25262427解析解
24、析推理判斷題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位推理判斷題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、位置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句置特征法等解答該題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors：humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core(核心核心) of ou
25、r relationship off the screen.”可知，作者與保羅在熒幕前和熒幕后都很幽默、有進取可知，作者與保羅在熒幕前和熒幕后都很幽默、有進取心，并互開對方的玩笑，即他們兩人有相似的性格，故選心，并互開對方的玩笑，即他們兩人有相似的性格，故選D項。項。25262427解析解析代詞指代題?？蛇\用關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、掃讀法等解代詞指代題?？蛇\用關(guān)鍵信息定位法、題段一致法、掃讀法等解答該題。根據(jù)第三段第一句答該題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“We shared the belief that.”以及下面對以及下面對belief的具體解釋可知，畫線處是指共同擁有這種的具體解釋可知，畫線處
26、是指共同擁有這種“信念信念”使他們兩人連使他們兩人連在一起，故選在一起，故選A項。項。26.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Their belief.B.Their care for children.C.Their success.D.Their support for each other.答案解析25262427解析解析寫作意圖題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答寫作意圖題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。本文是按照時間順序?qū)懙?，從作者與保羅的最初相見，到友誼慢該題
27、。本文是按照時間順序?qū)懙?，從作者與保羅的最初相見，到友誼慢慢加深，以及幾個月前去看生病的保羅，由此可知作者寫此文的目的是慢加深，以及幾個月前去看生病的保羅，由此可知作者寫此文的目的是回憶一位朋友，故選回憶一位朋友，故選B項。項。27.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To show his love of films.B.To remember a friend.C.To introduce a new movie.D.To share his acting experience.答案解析25262427A(2017福建師大附中
28、期中福建師大附中期中)For most seventh graders，life doesnt get much harder than a history test.But for Grant Reed of Bellville，Ohio，its his own current events that are so painful.“Honestly，I dont want to die，” Grant says.Last year，doctors at Nationwide Childrens Hospital in Columbus found a tumor(腫瘤腫瘤) in Gran
29、ts brain.They cut it out，but the surgery left him with stroke-like symptoms.Plus，he had to go through months of radiation and chemotherapy to try to stop the spread of the disease. 跟蹤訓練Yet，through it all，Grant has shown remarkable determination，which he owes，partly，to Ohio State football.His parents
30、，Troy and Denise，were both in the OSU marching band and fell in love during halftime of the Michigan game.His cat is named after the team Buckeye.His wardrobe is painted scarlet (the color of the teams sportswear).The point is，almost nothing mattered more to Grant than Ohio State footballuntil he go
31、t sick，of course.“I didnt like the word cancer，” Grant says.So he decided not to use the word.Instead，the kid named his cancer Michigan and insisted everyone in his life refer to it as such，because Ohio State always beats Michigan.That was something he could understand and make it into a competition
32、.He was going to beat this disease. Its now been more than a year since Grant issued that announcement.“And if you look at his scans，” Dr.Randal at Nationwide Childrens says，“Theres nothing there.Theres a big space，but theres no tumor.”“Grant is beating Michigan.And although much of it has to go to
33、science，dont ignore the semantics(語義學語義學).You have to do something to make it a disease you can fight.And for Grant，that was naming it Michigan，” his parents say.This weekend，Ohio State and Michigan will be battling like their lives depend on it.But in this house，the Reed family will be watching wit
34、h a calm insight：its just a game. 語篇解讀語篇解讀Grant得了癌癥，但是他沒有放棄，通過自己堅強的意志力和得了癌癥，但是他沒有放棄，通過自己堅強的意志力和醫(yī)學的幫助，戰(zhàn)勝了病魔。醫(yī)學的幫助，戰(zhàn)勝了病魔。 語篇解讀解析解析段落大意題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答段落大意題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子該題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Last year，doctors at Nationwide Childrens Hospital in Columbus found a tumor(腫瘤腫瘤) in Gra
35、nts brain.”及為此接受的治療等可知，該段主要介紹及為此接受的治療等可知，該段主要介紹Grant得了重病。故選得了重病。故選B。1.Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?A.History is a difficult subject.B.Grant suffered a serious disease.C.The operation was successful.D.The tumor has spread all over.答案解析231解析解析推理判斷題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答推理判斷題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法
36、、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)文章第二段描述可知，該題。根據(jù)文章第二段描述可知，Grant天生是個足球迷。故選天生是個足球迷。故選A。2.From the second paragraph，we can infer that .A.Grant was born a football fanB.football makes a full manC.interest is the best teacherD.God helps those who help themselves答案解析231解析解析推理判斷題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答推理判斷題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信
37、息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子該題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“But in this house，the Reed family will be watching with a calm insight：its just a game.”可知，可知，Reed一一家用冷靜的視角看待比賽，說明他們對人生有了新的理解。故選家用冷靜的視角看待比賽，說明他們對人生有了新的理解。故選C。3.By saying that its just a game，we can infer that the Reed family .A.has lost interest in the match betwe
38、en Ohio State and MichiganB.believes Michigan will surely beat Ohio State this weekendC.has a better understanding of lifeD.views the match as a matter of life and death答案解析231B(2017湖北武漢調(diào)研湖北武漢調(diào)研)In Switzerland，the land of watches，trains really do run like clockwork.“If Im 30 seconds late，the train i
39、s gone，” said Michelle Kranz，who commutes(通勤通勤) daily into Lucerne，where she works for the tourist board.Step across the border，and youre in a different universe.Italy has two rail schedules：the one printed in the brochure and the other，flashing updates，on a board in the station.The first may be a f
40、antasy；the second，reality.Next to posted departures，“Invariably you see the word ritardato(delayed)，” said Rick Steves，who writes guidebooks and runs a tour company called Europe Through the Back Door in Edmonds，Wash.Your time or my time？When traveling，youre in their time.And that can affect almost
41、everything：catching trains and buses，shopping，getting a meal and making appointments.Knowing a little about the culture can prevent much of the frustration.“Its important to go with the flow，”Steves said.“If you go to a restaurant in Spain at 7 pm，thats bad news.The staff is eating then.Try going af
42、ter 9 pm，as the Spaniards do.For the Swiss，the earlier the better，say 6 pm；after 10，a tourist hoping for a hot meal in Switzerland just might go hungry.” ” However，in some Latin American nations，hours and minutes seem hardly to matter.“In Mexico，guests invited to a 6 pm social dinner think nothing o
43、f showing up two or three hours later，”said Terri Morrison，who is updating a 1995 guide she co-wrote called Kiss，Bow or Shake Hands：How to Do Business in More than Sixty Countries for release next year.In fact，its wise to arrive at least an hour later for dinner in Mexico City，Morrison said，to avoid
44、 embarrassing an unprepared host.There are many theories as to why time doesnt fly at the same speed around the globe.Climate，economics and culture may play a role.語篇解讀語篇解讀本文描述了瑞士、意大利、西班牙、墨西哥等幾個國家對于本文描述了瑞士、意大利、西班牙、墨西哥等幾個國家對于時間的理解，有些國家非常守時，而有些國家卻經(jīng)常推遲時間，不同的時間的理解，有些國家非常守時，而有些國家卻經(jīng)常推遲時間，不同的國家有不同的文化習俗，到一個
45、不同的國家記得要國家有不同的文化習俗，到一個不同的國家記得要“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。 語篇解讀4.Which country does best in punctuality?A.Switzerland. B.Italy.C.Spain. D.Mexico.解析解析細節(jié)理解題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答細節(jié)理解題。可運用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，在手表之都瑞士，火車運行就像鐘表一該題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，在手表之都瑞士，火車運行就像鐘表一樣準時。所以在準時方面，瑞士做得最好。故選樣準時。所以在準時方面，瑞士做得最好。故選A項。項。答案解
46、析56475.What can be learned about Italian train services?A.They change schedules twice a day.B.They have no fixed schedules.C.They usually arrive on time.D.They often delay.解析解析推理判斷題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答推理判斷題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句該題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Next to posted departures，Invariably you se
47、e the wordritardato(delayed)，.”可知，在發(fā)布的火車離可知，在發(fā)布的火車離站時間旁邊，你通常會看到站時間旁邊，你通常會看到ritardato(延誤延誤)這個詞，由此可以推斷出意這個詞，由此可以推斷出意大利的火車經(jīng)常晚點。故選大利的火車經(jīng)常晚點。故選D項。項。答案解析56476.What do the Mexican think of time?A.It means money.B.It is not important at all.C.It is embarrassing to be late.D.It is not enough for writers.解析解析
48、推理判斷題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答推理判斷題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的該題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“.think nothing of showing up two or three hours later.”和和“.its wise to arrive at least an hour later for dinner.”可知，在墨西哥這樣的拉丁美洲國家，時間并不是那么重要，可知，在墨西哥這樣的拉丁美洲國家，時間并不是那么重要，由此可以推斷出，在墨西哥人們對時間并不看重。故選由此可以推斷出，在墨西哥人們對時間并不看重。故選B項。項
49、。答案解析56477.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Punctuality is a special virtue.B.The Swiss appreciate tight schedule.C.Some countries are more punctual than others.D.A small amount of lateness is acceptable.解析解析主旨大意題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答主旨大意題?？蛇\用掃讀法、關(guān)鍵詞法、關(guān)鍵信息定位法等解答該題。本文描述了不同的國家在守時方面有各自不同的習慣，該題。本文描述了不同的國家在守時方面有各自不同的習慣，C項意為項意為“有些國家比其他國家更守時有些國家比其他國家更守時”符合文章大意。故選符合文章大意。故選C項。項。答案解析5647
高考英語二輪復習與增分策略 專題一 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 方法運用于命題課件
