《廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件（22頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、第12講主謂一致用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Everyone _ (have) their own ideas.2.Not only the players but also the coach _ (be) playingfootball now.hasiswerecomeare3.There _ (be) two cats and a dog in the houseyesterday.But they are missing today.4.Paul and Tom _ (come) from the same school.5.There _ (be) a number of
2、people swimming in thelake at present.6.Three million _ (be) a large number.You can makeit smaller.isgoesareisis7.Everybody except Mike and Linda _ (go) to schoolby bus every day.8.Neither the headmaster nor the teachers _ (be)going to take a vacation next week.9.The number of the volunteers _ (be)
3、100 now.10.Either noodles or rice _ (be) OK.I dont mind.考情透析：在廣東省中考英語(yǔ)試卷中，主謂一致考查的內(nèi)容主要是其基本用法，包括語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。?？夹问接?there be 句型，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等句型結(jié)構(gòu)。要注意正確區(qū)分主語(yǔ)的詞性和單復(fù)數(shù)、修飾語(yǔ)等，主語(yǔ)確定，謂語(yǔ)才能確定。主謂一致主要掌握它的三個(gè)原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近原則。語(yǔ)法一致原則語(yǔ)法一致是指主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常在語(yǔ)法形式上取得一致，即：主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式；
4、主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。其用法如下表：情況例句主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)名詞(代詞)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞(代詞)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式He exercises every day.他每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。They exercise every day.他們每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。and 或 both.and.連接名詞或代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式Jerry and he are students.杰瑞和他都是學(xué)生。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有 with, without, togetherwith, along with, except, besides, but, aswell as, l
5、ike, including 等介詞短語(yǔ)做插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致(即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”)Susan with her family workson the farm.蘇珊和她的家人在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。情況例句動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式To be a pilot is his dream.成為一名飛行員是他的夢(mèng)想。由不定代詞 either, neither, each, one,everyone, someone, anyone, no one,somebody, anybody, everybody,something, anything, nothing,eve
6、rything 等做主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式Everybody is here.所有人都到齊了。Someone is waiting for you.有人正在等你。在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞 who, that,which 等做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致The boys who are playingbasketball there are mystudents.在那兒打籃球的那些男孩都是我的學(xué)生。(續(xù)表)情況例句常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞(如 shoes,pants, clothes 等)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但當(dāng)這些名詞前有 pair,kind, set 等
7、量詞修飾時(shí)，則根據(jù)量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式The shoes are under the bed.鞋子在床下。A pair of shoes is under thebed.床下面有一雙鞋?！皁ne of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；“a number of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“許多”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the number of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“的數(shù)量”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式One of the boys is interested inthe story.其中一個(gè)男孩子對(duì)這個(gè)故事感興趣。A number of birds are on th
8、eisland.島上有大量的鳥(niǎo)兒。The number of the cups is 10.杯子的數(shù)量是 10 個(gè)。(續(xù)表)情況例句“many a/more than one單數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式More than one student is fondof playing computer games.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲?！胺?jǐn)?shù)、百分比及 some, half of, partof, lots of, the rest of, plenty of 等名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致Three fifths of the forest wasdestroyed
9、.五分之三的森林被毀壞了。70% of the students are atives.70%的學(xué)生是本地人。and 連接的名詞被 each, every 或 no 修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Each boy and each girl is givenan apple now.現(xiàn)在每個(gè)男孩和女孩都得到了一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。(續(xù)表)意義一致原則意義一致又叫概念一致，是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念。其用法如下表：情況例句news以及科目名稱maths, physics, politics等名詞，本身并不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式I think physics is
10、an interesting subject.我認(rèn)為物理是一門(mén)有趣的學(xué)科。表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)格、金 錢、重量等的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式做主語(yǔ) 時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式200 miles is a long way to go.200英里是很長(zhǎng)的一段路。Twenty years is a long time.二十年是一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。情況例句集體名詞如 family, class, group, team等做主語(yǔ)，表示整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，表示集體中的具體成員時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The class wins the prize.這個(gè)班獲得了獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。The class are a
11、ll carefullyreading the book.全班學(xué)生都在仔細(xì)地讀這本書(shū)。集體名詞如 people (people 指“民族”時(shí)除外), police, cattle 等，形式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式The police are running after athief.警察們正在追趕一個(gè)小偷。(續(xù)表)情況例句“the形容詞(表示一類人)”和“the姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式(表示夫婦或一家人)”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The old think the young arehappier than them.老人們認(rèn)為年輕人比他們幸福。and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞指
12、同一個(gè)人或物(and 后面無(wú)限定詞)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式The writer and singer wasinvited to the party.那位作家兼歌手應(yīng)邀參加派對(duì)。(指同一人)each 做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定，與 each 無(wú)關(guān)They each have a bike.他們每人有一輛自行車。(續(xù)表)情況例句普通不定代詞(如 some, all, none, any等)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若表示單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Some of the work was done byme.一些工作是由我來(lái)做的。Some of the stu
13、dents work hard.一些學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)很努力。算式在加法、乘法時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式或復(fù)數(shù)形式均可；但在減法和除法中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式One and five is/are six.一加五等于六。Nine minus three is six.九減三等于六。書(shū)名、報(bào)紙名、國(guó)家等復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式The United States is a developedcountry.美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家?！皁ne and a half復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式One and a half months areenough for us.對(duì)我們而言，一個(gè)半月的時(shí)間足
14、夠了。(續(xù)表)就近原則就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與主語(yǔ)并不一致，卻與離它最近的名詞保持一致。1.在 there be 句型和以 here 開(kāi)頭的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：There is a river and two big trees there.那邊有一條河和兩棵大樹(shù)。Here is Jim and his parents.這是吉姆和他的父母。2.either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso.,or,not.but.等結(jié)構(gòu)連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at
15、home this afternoon. 今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。1._ there any living things on other planets?I have no idea.Maybe we can know more about that in thefuture.(2015 年廣東)A.IsB.AreC.HasD.Have點(diǎn)撥選B考查主謂一致的語(yǔ)法一致原則。 句意：“其他星球上有生物嗎？”“我不知道。也許在將來(lái)我們會(huì)知道更多。”問(wèn)句為 there be 句型的疑問(wèn)句，排除C、D 兩項(xiàng)。things為復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。故選 B。2.Do you need mor
16、e time to complete the task?Yes.Another ten days _ enough.(2014 年廣東)A.isB.wasC.areD.were點(diǎn)撥選A考查主謂一致的意義一致原則。表示時(shí)間的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，且語(yǔ)境為現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選 A。3.There _ many small things we can do to make theworld a better place.(2014 年佛山)A.areB.isC.have點(diǎn)撥選A考查主謂一致的就近原則。there be 句型中的be 動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”。things
17、為復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。4.Which would you like, tea or coffee?Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk.(2014 年梅州)A.is; hasC.is; with點(diǎn)撥選CB.are; withD.are; has考查主謂一致的語(yǔ)法一致原則和介詞。either做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，排除 B、D 兩項(xiàng)；又第二空所在的句子中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故不用 has，排除 A 項(xiàng)。故選C。5.Not only my friends but also I _ interested infootball and Messi is our fav
18、orite star.(2013 年廣東)A.beB.amC.isD.are點(diǎn)撥選B考查主謂一致的就近原則。not only.but also.連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”。故選B。6.Parents around the world _ worried about childrenplaying too many video games.(2013 年佛山)A.isB.wasC.are點(diǎn)撥選C考查主謂一致的語(yǔ)法一致原則。該句的主語(yǔ)是parents，為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用表示復(fù)數(shù)的 are。故選 C。7.The child without parents _ good care of b
19、y histeachers in this special school.(2013 年梅州)A.is takenC.take點(diǎn)撥選AB.are takenD.takes考查主謂一致的語(yǔ)法一致原則。根據(jù)題意可知，需要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故排除C、D 兩項(xiàng)。without 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于 without 前面的主語(yǔ)。故選 A。8.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TVprogram A Bite of China.I am also deeply moved by its stories！(2012 年廣東)A.isB.amC.wasD.are點(diǎn)撥選 D考查主謂一致的語(yǔ)法一致原則。both.and 連接并列的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選 D。
廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件
