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1、第三部分第三部分 題型研析題型研析 高分保障高分保障題型題型 3 3完形填空完形填空 由近10年中考題中的完形填空可看出，其話題、文體、考點都無明顯變化。話題涉及寓言故事、哲理故事，情感故事，人物經(jīng)歷、人物交際，生活常識與文化習(xí)俗等。每年兩篇文章，文體一般由一篇記敘文和一篇說明文構(gòu)成，或兩篇記敘文，每篇文章的長度通常在200個詞左右，抽空10個，考點設(shè)置和選項設(shè)置科學(xué)、合理，均為同義詞辨析，四個選項均為同一類別，具有唯一性?？键c豐富，即側(cè)重了對動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞的考查又兼顧了對連詞、動詞短語辨析的考查，其中名詞和動詞占了半壁江山。預(yù)計2018年的完形填空測試將繼續(xù)考查學(xué)生語言綜合運用的能
2、力。解題技法解題技法指導(dǎo)指導(dǎo) 1.1.速讀全文，掌握大意速讀全文，掌握大意 完形填空一般是給定一篇短文，該短文是一個內(nèi)容完整的整體，有它自己的邏輯、組織結(jié)構(gòu)和語言特點。即使文章中去掉某些詞語，學(xué)生讀后仍能產(chǎn)生一個整體印象。因此做題時第一步就是要快速閱讀全文，了解短文大意。通讀全文，有利于把握短文的邏輯關(guān)系，提高選擇答案的速度和準(zhǔn)確率。 2 2抓住關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)上下文解題抓住關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)上下文解題 要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)在文章中起重要作用的關(guān)鍵詞、短語或句子，以便準(zhǔn)確了解所提問題的特定語境以及語篇中的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，做到言之有據(jù)。比如文章的首尾、每段的第一句和最后一句等，它們往往是全文或全段的主題句，通過它們可以知
3、道文章的題材、大意、時間、人物和事件等。 3.3.瞻前顧后，逐步填空瞻前顧后，逐步填空 “瞻前顧后”，即答題時要回顧上一句，兼顧下一句。 (1)擇優(yōu)法：根據(jù)文章及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個驗證其余答案。 (2)排除法：如果答案一時難以確定，可從語法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析及必備常識等方面，對選項逐項分析試填，排除干擾選項，從而確定最佳答案。 4 4通讀全文，驗證答案通讀全文，驗證答案 填完所有單詞后，不可孤立地逐個詞檢查，而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中，復(fù)讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容，讀起來是否流暢，是否合乎句法或語境，反復(fù)推敲
4、，確保無誤。例題精析例題精析A2017安徽中考A篇 Henry Bond was about seven years old when his father died.His mother found it 1 to support the large family.However，she tried her best to do so.Also，she _2_ Henry，the eldest son，to school.At one time，Henry needed a grammar book for his study.His family was so 3 that his mot
5、her could not afford one. One morning，Henry found that a deep snow had fallen，and the _4_ wind was blowing.“Ah，” he said，“it is an ill wind that blows nobody good.” With these words，he ran to the house of a neighbor，and offered his _5_ to move away the snow around it.The offer was accepted.When he f
6、inished the work，he received his 6 Then he went to another place for the _7_ purpose，and then to another， 8 he had earned (掙得)enough to buy a grammar book. From that time，Henry was _9_ the first in all his classes.He knew no such word as “ 10 ”，and he succeeded in all he tried to do.Having the will，
7、he always found the way.1A.easy Bfun Cdifficult Dpossible2A.returned Bsent Cfollowed Dlent3A.large Bsmall Crich Dpoor4A.cold Bwarm Ccool Dhot5A.serviceBchoiceCmoney Dinterest6A.book Bpay Cletter Dstudy7A.last Bstrange Csame Dboring8A.if Bbecause Csince Duntil9A.always Bnever Calready Dseldom10A.help
8、 Bfail Ctry Dgive【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。小男孩亨利的父親早逝，家境貧寒。盡管如此，母親還是堅持讓亨利上學(xué)。為了減輕家庭負(fù)擔(dān)，懂事的亨利通過幫助別人掃雪的方法賺錢買了需要的語法書。從此他懂得一個道理：只要有信念，總會找到成功的方法。1C本題考查形容詞辨析。從文章第一句可知，亨利父親早逝，又從下文中的描述“.his mother could not afford one.”可知，他母親發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)活一大家子很難。difficult“困難的”。故選C。2B本題考查動詞辨析。從下文亨利買語法書的描述可知，這里說的是媽媽送家中最大的孩子亨利去上學(xué)。故選B。3D本題考查形容詞辨析。從后一
9、分句“his mother could not afford one”及上下文的描述可知，亨利的家庭很窮，買不起一本語法書。故選D。4A本題考查形容詞辨析。從前一分句“a deep snow had fallen”可知，這里說的是寒風(fēng)呼嘯。故選A。5A本題考查名詞辨析。從語境可知，亨利家境貧寒，他只有通過替鄰居掃雪(即提供服務(wù))來獲得一點錢買語法書。故選A。6B本題考查名詞辨析。從下文“亨利掙得足夠的錢買語法書”的描述可知，在替鄰居掃完雪后，亨利得到了報酬。故選B。7C本題考查形容詞辨析。亨利在一個地方掃雪獲得報酬后，又去另一個地方掃雪。因此，他去各個地方勞動是為了同一個目的。故選C。8D本題
10、考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)選項理解句意：亨利為了同一個目的去到另外一個地方勞動，然后再到別的地方，直到他掙得足夠的錢買一本語法書。故選D。9A本題考查副詞辨析。從下句“.he succeeded in all he tried to do”可知，亨利做成了他努力做的所有事情。故可知，他在班上成績也總是第一。故選A。10B本題考查動詞辨析。從前后句的描述可知，亨利在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)第一，努力做的所有事情都成功。故可推知，在他的生活字典里沒有“失敗”這個詞。故選B。B2017安徽中考B篇 Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities.It is
11、 good to the 11 development of the big cities. A _12_ by a company found that shared bikes started the nations _13_ for bikes again.Now more and more Chinese people are 14 bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities. An engineer of that company says that since the _15_ of shared bikes，peo
12、ple have made fewer trips by car.The love for shared bikes is not only among 16 people，who were born in the 1980s and 1990s，but also among people over sixty. At weekends，the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the 17 of all cities.On weekdays，the number of people who use shared bikes to travel
13、to work is _18_ in Shanghai. It is said that bike-sharing will help 19 the cities environment.It not only helps solve the traffic problems，but also will help to make more use of _20_ in cities.Take Beijing as an example，if more people choose shared bikes，an area of five Birds Nest stadium (體育場)will
14、be saved.11A.slow Bhealthy Charmful Dsudden12A.rule Bplan Creport Dsuggestion13A.search Bworry Cpreparation Dlove14A.choosingBpushing Crepairing Dlocking15A.end Bstart Ccontrol Dfall16A.strong Bweak Cold Dyoung17A.top Bside Ccorner Dline18A.coming over Bputting offCgoing up Dgiving away19A.discover
15、Bseparate Cexperience Dimprove20A.air Btime Cspace Dmoney【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。在很多大城市，共享單車不僅受到青少年的青睞，也贏得老年人的歡迎。越來越多的人出行時選擇用共享單車。這不僅能夠幫助改善城市環(huán)境，還能幫助我們節(jié)約空間。11B本題考查形容詞辨析。從下文描述共享單車的好處及本句中g(shù)ood可知，這里指的是“使用共享單車對大城市的健康發(fā)展有好處”。故選B。12C本題考查名詞辨析。從空后的內(nèi)容知，共享單車開始受到全國人的青睞，越來越多的中國人用共享單車替代汽車。由此推知，這是一家公司的報告。故選C。13D本題考查名詞辨析。從下句“
16、現(xiàn)在越來越多的人使用共享單車替代汽車進(jìn)行城市短途旅行”以及第三段中的“The love for shared bikes”可知，共享單車又再次激發(fā)了國人對自行車的熱愛。故選D。14A本題考查動詞辨析。由本句句意“人們用共享單車替代小汽車進(jìn)行城市短途旅行”可知，這里說的是人們正在選擇使用共享單車。故選A。15B本題考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)選項理解句意：該公司的一位工程師說，自從共享單車開始投入運營以來，人們就很少使用小汽車旅行。故選B。16D本題考查形容詞辨析。從下面的定語從句“who were born in the 1980s and 1990s”可知，八零后和九零后肯定年輕，這里指的是“共享單車
17、不僅受到年輕人青睞，也受到老年人歡迎”。故選D。17A本題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)選項理解句意：在周末，深圳騎自行車的人數(shù)達(dá)到所有城市之最。故選A。18C本題考查動詞短語辨析。比照上句并根據(jù)選項理解句意：在工作日，上海使用共享單車的人數(shù)也在上升。故選C。19D本題考查動詞辨析。從文章第一段“It is good to the healthy development of the big cities”知，共享單車肯定將幫助改善城市環(huán)境。故選D。20C本題考查名詞辨析。從下文“Take Beijing as an example，if more people choose shared bikes，a
18、n area of five Birds Nest stadium will be saved.”可知，如果在北京有更多的人使用共享單車，那么就會有五個鳥巢體育館的空間被節(jié)省。由此推知，這里說的是，共享單車不僅幫助解決交通問題，也幫助讓城市有更多可利用的空間。故選C。技法點撥技法點撥 要提高完形填空的正確率，除了提高語言的綜合運用能力外，還須注意以下幾點技巧： 1語境推斷：此類題是在完形填空中最常見的，我們首先要弄清楚主人公身份、所處環(huán)境等，進(jìn)而理解語境，體驗語境。善于揣摩語境所提供的信息是解決完形填空類題目的重要步驟。 2邏輯推理：詞義辨析類的試題通常采用邏輯推理的方法，判斷出要修飾詞的情況
19、，選出正確答案。通常該類題下文的提示較多，我們可以通過提示推斷出答案。 3推理判斷：在做此類題時，我們必須在前后句中找出關(guān)鍵的提示詞，特別是關(guān)聯(lián)詞和形容詞，進(jìn)而進(jìn)行推理判斷。 4詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：這類題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同義詞、近義詞和反義詞異形復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式。解答這類題不要急于選出答案，須通過上下文的提示，讀懂題意，選出正確答案。即時運用即時運用Passage 1Passage 12016安徽中考記敘文話題人物故事詞數(shù)204 Let me tell you about the best day of my life! I got up early and ran to the kitch
20、en in my pajamas(睡衣)It was my thirteenth birthday and I was really _1_In fact，I wasnt sleeping all night because I kept _2_ all the presents I would get. I walked into the kitchen with a big smile on my face， 3 nobody looked up.Mum and Dad were reading their newspapers while my two older brothers we
21、re eating breakfast._4_said a word! “They have forgotten about my birthday！” I said to myself.I turned around and walked out of the 5 Suddenly，I heard a noise，so I went back to _6_ what it was.I couldnt believe my eyes! There were lots of _7_ on the kitchen table.“Surprise！” I heard 8 me.When I turn
22、ed around，I saw Mum，Dad and my brothers! Mum was holding a huge 9 with candles and they were singing “Happy Birthday” to me.We shared the cake and opened all the presents. They didnt 10 my birthday after all.It really was the best day of my life!( )1.A.lonely BexcitedCsuccessfulDweak( )2.A.thinking
23、about Bpicking up Ctaking out Dputting away( )3.A.for Bso Cor Dbut( )4.A.Nobody BAnybody CSomebody DEverybody( )5.A.garden Bkitchen Cbedroom Dstudy( )6.A.see Btaste Cexplain Dchoose( )7.A.newspapers Bpresents Cmenus Drings( )8.A.of Babove Cbehind Dfrom( )9.A.pictureBbowl Cspoon Dcake( )10.A.realize
24、Benjoy Cforget DcelebrateBADABABCDC Passage 2Passage 2 Philip is the bravest boy I know.His friends and family are all very 1 him. Ten-year-old Philip was born with an 2 which means that he is always breaking his bones(骨頭)Although he has such a serious illness，Philip 3 playing sports.In January last
25、 year he 4 wheelchair racing.He came second in his first 5 ，and since then Philip has won every other race! In order to look for a new challenge(挑戰(zhàn))，Philip 6 to take part in the London Wheelchair Marathon(馬拉松) 7 ，five days before the race Philip got sick.He didnt want to 8 He finally made up his min
26、d to take part.Philip was given medicine by his doctor and guess what？He not only 9 it，but he also finished in first place!文體記敘文話題人物故事詞數(shù) Philip is very 10 and never gives up.Thats why he has been chosen to be the Bravest Child of the Month.( )1.A.proud of Bafraid of Cangry with Dstrict with( )2.A.ab
27、ility Beffort Cillness Dinterest( )3.A.stops Bavoids Cminds Dloves( )4.A.watched Bstarted CcancelledDheld( )5.A.journey Brace Cclass Dinterview( )6.A.regretted Bhated Cfailed Ddecided( )7.A.Instead BAlso CHowever DFirst( )8.A.give up Bsit down Cset off Dgo out( )9.A.refused Bleft Ccompleted Dinvente
28、d( )10.A.brave Bhonest Cpolite DfairACDBBDCACAPassage 3Passage 32016重慶中考B卷 In a history class，our teacher，Mrs.Bartlett asked us to make a poster (海報)in groups about the culture that we were studying.She told us to write the names of three friends we wanted in one group and she would think about our_
29、1_ The next day，I was told to be in a group I would 2 wantthe boy who was too weak in English，and the two girls who wore strange clothes.Oh，how I wanted to be with my _3_！ W i t h t e a r s i n m y e y e s ， I w a l k e d u p t o Mrs.Bartlett.She 4 me and seemed to know what I was t h e r e f o r .
30、I t o l d h e r I s h o u l d b e i n the“good”group.She gently (輕輕地)_5_a hand on my shoulder (肩膀)“I know what you want，Karma，”she said，“but your group needs you.I need you to help 記敘文話題人物故事詞數(shù)331 them.Only you can help them.”I was 6 and moved.Her words encouraged me. “Will you help them？”she asked.“
31、Yes，” I replied.Then I _7_ walked over to my group.I sat down and we started.Each of us did a part according to our interests.Halfway through the week，I felt 8 _ enjoying our group.We did a good job together.My group members werent thought to be good just because no one cared enough about them 9 Mrs
32、.Bartlett. At last，our group got an ABut I think we should hand the A back to Mrs.Bartlett.She was the one who should truly _10_ it.Mrs.Bartlett brought out the potential(潛能)in four of her students.( )1.A.classes Bbooks Cchoices Dclothes( )2.A.often Bnever Calways Dsometimes( )3.A.boys Bgirls Cfrien
33、ds Dteachers( )4.A.laughed at Blooked at Clived with Dagreed with( )5.A.placedBpushed Cwashed Dpulled( )6.A.usefulBsurprised Cthirsty Dasleep( )7.A.hardlyBdeeply Clazily Dbravely( )8.A.myselfBherself Cyourself Dhimself( )9.A.aroundBwith Cfor Dexcept( )10.A.receiveBstart Cgive DthrowCBCBABDADAPassage
34、 4Passage 42017貴港中考文體說明文話題科技詞數(shù) A famous designer(設(shè)計師)and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl.They have spent several years 1 it.The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola， 2 also tell people whether they should drink water or not. When people 3 liquid(液體)into this sma
35、rt cup，a few second(秒)later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is.Then it gives 4 _ information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie.When people put the cup in their 5 ，it can also show them the condition of their bodies.If they are 6 ，Vessyl can tell them to drink water. “
36、My partner and I want people to 7 _ healthy.In modern society，people are usually 8_ _ busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day.They have much 9 We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice 10 ” the designer said.( )1.A.in Bon Cat Dof( )2.A.and Bthought Cnor Dbut( )3.A.pour Bpull Clift Dregard( )4.A.a few Ba lot Clots of Dmany( )5.A.desks Bhands Cbags Dmouths( )6.A full Bhungry Cthirsty Dawful( )7.A.carry Bhave Ctouch Dkeep( )8.A.too Bto Cso Dvery( )9.A.dangerBpressure Cpower Dlaughter( )10.A.quietlyBhardly CwiselyDrecentlyBDACBCDABC
安徽省中考英語 第三部分 題型研析 高分保障 題型3 完形填空課件
