高一必修四英語單詞.doc

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高一必修四英語單詞 Module 1 Life in the Future New words and expressions 1. alternative adj.替換的，供選擇的，兩者擇一的（無比較級和最高級，只能做定語修飾名詞，不能做表語） n. 可供選擇的事物 alternative to……的替代物， (1) If this plan is not accepted ,we have an ____________ plan. (2) Do you have an __________ solution to the problem? 你有別的辦法來解決這個問題嗎？ (3) That’s the only alternative.沒有選擇的余地 (4) At the restaurant, the only alternative to chicken was beef. 2. crime罪，罪行 3. for sure肯定地，確定=_________________ be sure of/about sth.(doing sth.) 確信，肯定，對…有把握 be sure to do sth. be sure that-從句 make sure that…… 確保，保證 (1) I ___________that all the windows were closed.我確保關(guān)上了所有的窗戶。 (2) He will be here __________ within an hour.他一小時之內(nèi)肯定到這兒。 （3）I think he lives here but I couldn’t say ______________. 4. prediction n.預(yù)測 _____________ v. _____________ adj.可預(yù)言的，可預(yù)料的 make a prediction = make predictions做出預(yù)測 (1) It’s hard to make ______________ about the effect on the environment. (2) No one can _____________ what will happen in the future. 5. risky adj.危險的，冒險的 __________ n.風(fēng)險，危險 vt.冒著……的危險 冒險做某事 __________________________ 冒著生命危險 ________________________ 冒著做某事的危險_______________________ 冒著…的危險（介詞短語）____________________________ 無論冒什么危險，無論如何_________________________ (1) It’s ___________ to drive without looking around.開車不注意看周圍是危險的 (2) They knew they risked __________________.他們知道他們冒著被捕的危險。 （3）He risked (losing) his own life to save the child. → He save the child _____________________(losing) his own life. 6. resource n.（常用復(fù)數(shù)）資源 source n.來源，源頭，發(fā)源地 (1) We must make the most of natural _____________. (2) Bad food is a ___________ of illness.變質(zhì)食物是疾病之源 7. sth. run out(vi) 某物用完，不多了，沒有了 ① My money is_________________. sb. run out of sth. 某人用完某物 ② I’m ____________________ money. sb. use up sth 用完某物 ③ He has ___________________all his energy. sth. give out (vi) 某物用完 ④ All his energy has _____________________. run after追趕 run into sb./sth. 遇到某人/物，與……相撞 run across 偶然遇見 in the long run從長遠(yuǎn)來看 8. material 材料 ____________/____________/____________ materials 9. 依靠，信賴某人/某物________________________ 指望某人做某事，信任某人做某事 _____________________________ 相信，指望,放心……rely on _______ that-從句 (1) You can rely on him. (2) you can’t just rely on your parents to support you. (3) Nowadays we can rely on the Internet to get the information we need. (4) You can （放心） ______________________ he will come to meet you. →（聯(lián)想）_____________________ 視情況而定______________________ 10. solar adj.太陽的 ______________太陽能 ________________太陽系 11. urban都市的，城市的 __________ problems城市問題 I don’t enjoy urban life. 12. get rid of去掉，處理掉，擺脫 (1) We should get rid of bad habits. (2) 如何清除垃圾是個大問題。_____________________________________________________. 13. load vt. 裝，裝載 n.負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)荷 a load of=loads of = lots of很多 load sth onto/into sth把…裝到…里面 load sth with sth 使…負(fù)載… (1) We are loading a lorry __________ bricks.我們正裝一貨車磚 (2) I loaded the film ____________ the camera.我把膠卷裝到相機(jī)里。 (3) He climbed the hill with a heavy load on his shoulders.他背著重物登山 (4) The truck _________ bricks had an accident last night. A. loading with B. being loaded with C. loaded with D. loaded onto 14. landfill n.垃圾填滿地 15. arrest (vt/n) 逮捕，扣留，吸引，阻止 _________________________被拘留，被捕 _________________________因……而逮捕某人 (1) The police said,“You are under arrest”. (2) 他因醉駕而被拘留。__________________________________________________. (3) The beauty of the place arrests our attention. 16.fire at sb. 向某人開火 fire sb.解雇某人 (1) The company fired him for his not coming to work on time.（ ） (2) They fired at the enemy. （ ） (3) The engine won’t fire. （ ） 17. limit n.極限，范圍，界限 vt.限制，限定 _________ adj.有限的 __________無限制的 _____________________ = _____________________對……加以限制 _____________________把某物限制定在……范圍內(nèi) _____________________局限于 (1) Please ___________ your speech _________ three minutes. (2) Children’s play has been limited _______ the yard.孩子們的玩耍僅限于院子里 (3) You should (對……加以限制)_____________________ the time you spend surfing the Internet. (4) His knowledge of history is rather ______________. 18. outdoors adv.戶外 indoors adv.室內(nèi) outdoor adj. indoor adj. 戶外活動____________ Children usually prefer playing outdoors.兒童通常喜歡在戶外玩耍 19. online adv.聯(lián)系地 adj.在上線的 20. catalogue目錄 21. command n.v命令，指令，指揮 commander n.指揮官，司令 command that sb.(should) do sth. command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 sth be in/under the command of sb. 由某人統(tǒng)率 sb be in command of sth 指揮，統(tǒng)率 have a good command of對……運(yùn)用自如 /精通→_____________________________ (1) Who is (統(tǒng)率)_______________________ the army? (2) She (精通)__________________________ French. (3) He commanded me to start working at once. → He commanded that ________________________ working at once. 22. recreation娛樂，消譴→________________ He goes fishing for _______________.他釣魚取樂 23.bowling保齡球游戲 24. softball壘球（運(yùn)動） 25.charge n.費用，價錢，負(fù)責(zé)，管理 v.收費 ，要價；指控，控告 free of charge免費 = for free免費 sb be in charge of sth 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管 sth be in the charge of sb 由……負(fù)責(zé)，在……掌管下 sb take charge of sth 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管，控制 charge sb. some money for sth. 因……向某人收費 charge sb. with sth.因…而指控某人 charge electricity充電 (1)These books are ___________________(免費的). (2) They ____________ me 100 yuan _________ cleaning the house. (3) He is in charge of the company. → The company is ____________________him. (4) The man _______________________________________(因謀殺而受到指控). 26. power n.能力，權(quán)力，電力 v供給動力 (1) The train is powered by electricity.這列火車由電提供動力 (2) The work is beyond his power. 27. flick n.輕打，輕彈 You can turn off all the lights_______________________________(輕輕一按開關(guān))。 28. switch on（把電燈等）打開=__________ switch off（把電燈等）關(guān)上，關(guān)掉=___________ switch on the radio/TV/light→switch off the radio/TV/light switch to轉(zhuǎn)換，改變 (1) Wait until the lights have switched to green. (2)離開時請關(guān)燈。______________________________________________________________. 29. surgery外科手術(shù) → 外科醫(yī)生______________ 30. telesurgery n.運(yùn)距離手術(shù) telephone電話 telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡 telegraph 電報 31. outpatient n.門診病人 32. clinic n.診所 He is being treated at a private clinic. 33. disability n殘疾，失去能力，傷殘 → adj殘疾的______________ (1) His disability prevents him from doing the job. (2) She swims well despite her disabilites. 34. attach. vt.系，貼，連接 attach sth.to sth.把……固定/附在……上 → be attached to附屬于，依戀…… (1)Please(貼上) ____________ a label _________ each piece of luggage. (2) Nowadays people attach much importance to education.如今人們十分________教育。 (3) This is a middle school ___________ to a university.這是一所大學(xué)的附屬中學(xué) 35. spaceport宇航基地 36. use up (vt).用完，耗盡 sb run out of sth. sth run out.(vi) give out (vi)用完，耗盡，筋疲力盡 (vt)分發(fā),發(fā)出 Don’t use up all the hot water. 37. look out (for sth./sb)小心，當(dāng)心 watch out (for sth.) take care! be careful. (1) Look out! There’s some glass on the ground. (2) 當(dāng)心危險！_______________________________________！ 38. optimistic adj.樂觀的，樂觀主義的 optimism樂觀，樂觀主義 optimist樂觀主義者 be optimistic about對……樂觀 (1) We should have an optimistic attitude ___________ life. (2) She (對……樂觀)______________________________ her future. 39. dishwasher n.洗碗碟機(jī) It’s convenient to wash bowls with a dishwasher. 40. definitely adv.無疑地，確定地 → ________________ adj.肯定的，確定的 (1) I ______________ remember posting the letter. (2) It’s _______________ that he is wrong. 41. eventually adv.最后，終于 → _______________/______________ He worked very hard and eventually succeeded. 42. for a start首先，第一 =to start/begin with首先，第一 at the very start=at the very beginning一開始 (1) He can’t get the job. For a start, he hasn’t had enough experience. (2) We’ll learn a lot—for a start, let’s read the new words. 43. on the way out即將被淘汰，即將過時 on the/one’s way to by the way in the way in a/one way (1) Some old furniture is on the way out. (2) This type of dress is definitely on the way out. 44. colony殖民地 45. shape n.形狀 v.做成……形狀，塑造，決定…的形成 in shape處于良好狀態(tài)，健康 out of shape變形，走樣，不健康 in the shape of呈……的形狀，以……形式 take shape成形，有了模樣 (1) There are clouds of different _______________ (形狀)in the sky. (2) 身體不好就要鍛煉。______________________________________________________. (3) He shaped the clay into a vase. ( ) (4) His ideas were shaped by his early experiences. ( ) 46. pad(動物)腳 47. doormat門前擦鞋墊 Under the doormat lay a bunch of keys.