上海牛津英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè).doc
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Units 1&2 1. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)歸納 1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) (1) 構(gòu)成:was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞 He was reading a book at 4:00pm yesterday. (2) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):just then, yesterday afternoon, at nine last night, at this/that time yesterday等。 What were you doing this time yesterday? (3) 與頻度副詞always等連用時(shí),表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動(dòng)作,常常有埋怨、討厭、贊揚(yáng)或喜愛(ài)等情緒。 He was always helping others. 2. when 和 while when 引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常是比較短暫的動(dòng)作,用一般時(shí)。 while 引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常是比較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作,用進(jìn)行時(shí)。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. It was raining when they left the station. 3. 形容詞 (1) 形容詞放在系動(dòng)詞后,或名詞前。 (2) 常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞: A. be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are, was, were) B. 感官動(dòng)詞:look, sound, taste, smell, feel .... C. 表示主語(yǔ)從一種狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變到另一種狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞:grow, get, turn, become, fall, go ... D. 表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持某種身份、特征或狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞:continue, keep, remain, stay等。 (3) 形容詞要放在修飾詞someone, somebody, something, nothing等不定代詞后。 something important. (4) 有些形容詞只能作表語(yǔ)(放在系動(dòng)詞后),不能作定語(yǔ)。這些形容詞大多以元音字母開(kāi)頭。如:afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ill .... He is alone, but quite happy. 2、 重點(diǎn)句式 1. It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 此句型中,形容詞常表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)及客觀形勢(shì),如:easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。 Its very hard for him to study two languages. 2. “主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+to do” 做某事怎么樣 These books are difficult to read. 3. It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 此句型中,形容詞表示人物的性格或品德,如:good, nice,clever, silly, right, selfish等。 It is very nice of you to help me. 4. All we have to do is to think of a name of her. 如果主語(yǔ)是從句時(shí),謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)。 What I said is true. 3、 話題 1,了解成功人士的故事及成功所需要的品格。 2,談?wù)摽ㄍü适禄蜻B環(huán)漫畫(huà)。 過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè) 1、 詞匯 1. Lang Langs s____________ came at a price. 2. Benjamin was a man of many talents and i___________. 3. However, Langs story is much more interesting than this simple s___________. 4. I believe success comes from h___________. 5. Mrs Wang spent her whole life helping others. She died two years ago and we m___________ her very much. 6. Over the next seventeen years, Hanna and Barbear made p___________ of Tom and Jerry cartoons. 7. Would you like to become cartoon a___________? 8. Your flight to Beijing is at 8:45, so you must arrive at the a___________ at 7:45. 9. You can make certain faces come to life by giving them different expressions, such as h___________, anger. 10. The comics book is ___________ more than $60 and I enjoy reading it. 2、 短語(yǔ) on television at the age of be strict with fall ill be tired of get into trouble laugh at be grateful to sb. for sth. from over the world in trouble 1. Lang Lang was watching the cartoon Tom and Jerry ___________________ when he first heard Western classical music. 2. They thought it would be funny to make the mouse smart and always ___________________ the cat. 3. Lang Lang began taking piano lessons ___________________ there. 4. Its bad to ___________________ disabled people. 5. Are your parents often ___________________ you? 6. She ___________________. She doesnt feel like eating anything and looks pale. 7. I ___________________ your silly talking. Please stop! 8. There are many different students ___________________ in the International School. 9. The little boy was ___________________, so I swam out to save him. 10. I ___________________ to my parents for raising me up. 3、 重點(diǎn)句式 A 按要求完成句子 1. I had a piano lesson last night. (用at nine yesterday morning代替劃線部分) _________________________________________________________ 2. When he called me yesterday, I ___________________ my homework in my room.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成句子) 3. I ___________ for you from eight to ten yesterday evening. (用wait的適當(dāng)形式完成句子) 4. Mr. Lis boy was jumping up and down ____________________ I was talking with her.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~合并句子) 5. The radio was giving the weather forecast when it began to rained.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)___________________ when it began to rained? B 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子 1. You should make its face ___________________(看起來(lái)更滑稽). 2. During summer, food ___________________(容易變壞). 3. The flowers ___________________(聞起來(lái)很香). 4. We all hope our dreams will ___________________(早日實(shí)現(xiàn)) 5. Days in summer ___________________(變得越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)). 6. 保護(hù)視力很重要。 ______________________________________ 7. 你的問(wèn)題很難回答。 ______________________________________ 8. 小孩比成人容易讀懂漫畫(huà)。 Comics ___________ ____________ for children than for adults ___________ ____________. 9. 我們所要做的就是讓她好好休息一下。 All we have to do ___________ ____________ ___________ ____________ have a good rest. 10. 學(xué)游泳的最好辦法是跳進(jìn)水里。 A good way ____________ learn to swim ___________ ____________ __________ into the water. Units 3&4 1. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)歸納 1. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) 直接引語(yǔ)彎間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn): (1) 人稱變化:“一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更新” She said, "My brother wants to go with me." She said that her brother wanted to go with her. (2) 時(shí)態(tài)變化:現(xiàn)在變過(guò)去。當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。 She said, "I have lost a pen." She said she had lost a pen. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun. (3) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、指示代詞以及動(dòng)詞等的變化。 yesterday --- the day before here --- there come ---- go these ---- those (4) 直接引語(yǔ)是有明確表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)不用改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 He said, "I ate an apple at 8:00 this morning. He said that he ate an apple at 8:00 this morning. 2. though 與 although (1) though=although “雖然;盡管;然而;但是” (2) though/although不能與but連用 (3) though可以作副詞,“可是,不過(guò),話雖這樣說(shuō)”,although沒(méi)這個(gè)用法。 Its hard work, I enjoy it, though. (4) even though = even if “即使;縱然” I like her even though/if she talks loudly. 2、 重點(diǎn)句式 1. both ... and .... “不僅......而且......, ......和......(兩者)都”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。 Both Tom and Mary go to do some sports after school every day. 2. either .... or ... “要么.....要么......”,謂語(yǔ)就近原則 3. neither ... nor .... “既不.....也不......”,謂語(yǔ)就近原則 Neither Tom nor Mary goes to do some sports after school every day. 4. be worth doing 做某事是值得的 If it is worth doing at all, we should do it well. 5. I dont know where to begin. 不定式可以與疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, when, how, where等連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ),在句中作主、賓、表語(yǔ)等。 Where to stay for the night is a problem for them. 6. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 7. advice “建議”,不可數(shù)名詞 My friend Dave helped me a lot by giving me some advice on English learning. 3、 話題 1,談?wù)撍矏?ài)的電影 2,了解教育交流活動(dòng)的意義和各國(guó)不同的風(fēng)土人情。 過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè) 1、 詞匯 1. V____________ to the temple are asked not to take photos. 2. Three things make Wall-E such an enjoyable and m_________ film. 3. The film Wall-E is c_________ and amazing. Both the robots and the empty Earth seem very real. 4. Maggies fans enjoy her films and asked her to s_________ the pictures. 5. All we hope the story has a happy e_________. 6. Whats your a_________ in life/ 7. I keep in touch with my friends by writing e-mails and c_________ to them on the computer at home. 8. When I went to New Zealand, I stayed with a h_________ family for one year. 9. Its very easy for Australian people to start a conversation with s_________. 10. The countryside, compared to Guangzhou, is completely flat. People live large houses, not t_________. 2、 短語(yǔ) take off make friends with be worth doing be set in make money keep in touch with a bit places of interest all the time be different to 1. As Eves spaceship _________________, Wall-E jumps on and begins a romantic adventure through space! 2. The first Tom and Jerry cartoon was a huge success, so their boss _________________. 3. He said the film _________________ seeing. 4. The brilliant new cartoon _________________ the future. Its about a robot called Wall-E. 5. Wall-E tries to _________________ Eve, but she has to leave. 6. Our teachers hope we can _________________ with them after leaving school. 7. Mary is quite _________________ Jane though they are twins. 8. She doesnt want to go out, she stays in _________________. 9. Yesterday I did _________________ of Christamas shopping. 10. Id like to travel to some new places because I enjoy visiting different _________________. 3、 重點(diǎn)句式 A 按要求作相應(yīng)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. "I enjoy watching cartoons." Mike says.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) Mike says _________________________. 2. "Can you lend me your CD?" Kate says to me.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) Kate ___________ me ___________ ___________ can lend ___________ my CD. 3. "Dont watch too much TV." My mum says to me.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) My mum ___________ me _________ _________ watch too much TV. 4. "What are you doing here?" the policeman asked.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) The policeman asked him what _________ ___________ ___________ _____________. 5. It is raining heavily. She wants to pick up her child from the kindergarten.(合并句子) _______________________________________________________________. 6. He didnt turn on the light. It was getting dark.(合并句子) _______________________________________________________________. 7. He said he would come to my birthday party, but he didnt.(用though/although改寫(xiě)句子) 8. Shes going to tell me something about her study in America.(改為否定句) _______________________________________________________. 9. He went abroad. His mothe didnt want him to, __________.(though/although) 10. Its very cold in Canada in winter, but the house and shops are usually very warm (because of the heaters in them). (改為同義句) The houses and shops are usually very warm (because of the heaters in them) in Canada in winter____________________. B 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子 1 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō),電影和卡通似乎都很精彩。 Both films and cartoons for him ___________ ___________ ___________. 2 盡管這樣,我認(rèn)為都不值得做這一切。 I ___________ think it ___________ ___________ ___________ all this, though. 3 作為年輕人,人們要求我們付出更多。 As young people, we ___________ ___________ ___________ do more work. 4 你喜歡到哪里度假? ___________ ___________ you like to ____________ a holiday? 5 我認(rèn)為下雨天還是待在家里安全些,盡管有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。 I think ___________ would ___________ ___________ to stay at home during raining days, __________ it would be a bit boring. Units 5&6 1. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)歸納 1. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) (1)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),要注意間接引語(yǔ)中從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序(引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))。 (2)從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇 直接引語(yǔ)是 引導(dǎo)詞用 例句 陳述句 (that) Roddy said, "I really want to be a director." Roddy admitted that he really wanted to be a director. 一般疑問(wèn)句 whether/if Mum asked me, "Do you know what to do?" Mum asked me whether/if I knew what to do. 特殊疑問(wèn)句 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 Sam asked the stranger, "Where are you from?" Sam asked the stranger where he was from. 祈使句 在不定式前根據(jù)句子意思加上tell, ask, order, advise等 She said to me,"Dont be late for school again." She told me not to be late for school again. 2. 賓語(yǔ)從句 (1) 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的詞可分為以下幾類: A. 由從屬連詞(that)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 He said (that) he missed us very much. B. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what和連接副詞where, how, why, when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 I asked where they stopped on the way. C. 由從屬連詞whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。但如果句子中有or not時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether。 He asked if/whether they liked to make friends with them. (2) 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移 A. 當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱,且主句的及物動(dòng)詞為表示感知的think, believe,, suppose, expect, guess等時(shí),否定前移。其反義疑問(wèn)句的后部與從句的主謂語(yǔ)保持一致。 I dont think you can pass the driving test, can you? I think you can pass the driving test, cant you? B. 若主句的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱時(shí),不能否定前移。其反義疑問(wèn)句的后部要與主句的主謂語(yǔ)一致。 They dont believe that it is true, do they? 2、 重點(diǎn)句式 1. It says that many teenagers are very concerned about their future. (報(bào)紙上)寫(xiě)道許多青少年都很關(guān)心他們的未來(lái)。 It says that ... “(報(bào)紙/故事/規(guī)定......)寫(xiě)道......”,強(qiáng)調(diào)文字材料表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。 It is said that..... “據(jù)說(shuō)......” It is said that they have found water in Mars. 據(jù)說(shuō)他們?cè)诨鹦巧习l(fā)現(xiàn)了水。 It says (in Boston Globe) that they have found water in Mars. 據(jù)(《波士頓環(huán)球報(bào)》)報(bào)道他們?cè)诨鹦巧险业搅怂? 2. After all, in the future I will not have my parents do everything for me. have sb. do sth. “讓/叫/使某人做某事” The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day. have sth. done “讓/叫/使/請(qǐng)別人做某事” We had the machine mended just now. 3. They say its bad to expect things for nothing. expect to do sth. “期待做某事” I expect to finish the work by Friday. expect +that從句 “期望......” I expect that he did nothing wrong. 3、 語(yǔ)題 1. 了解中外青少年的家庭生活。 2. 了解名著《湯姆.索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》的創(chuàng)造背景和人物特點(diǎn)。 過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè) 1、 詞匯 1. If I waste my money, my parents wont give me any more. I think its f___________. 2. Some people are interested in the l__________ fashion while others prefer to dress for comfort. 3. Im sorry to b__________ you, but can you tell me the time? 4. Rose also mentioned that her parents were u__________ about her listening to pop music all the time. 5. Huamings parents hoped that he would changed him mind and be w__________ to move to Shenzhen. 6. Do you want to come? Oh, but I g__________ you cant. You have to work, dont you? 7. Please dont lie to me. I want to know the t__________. 8. Clemens wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and also gave many l__________, and became a very famous and popular man. 9. Mark Twain is the pen-mane of Clemens. He is the a__________ of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. 10. I have made up my mind. No one can p___________ me to change it now. 2、 短語(yǔ) after all generation gap be busy doing sth. insist on look forward to sth. and so on all sorts of here and there have an argument set free 1. Before I cook, I need to get a lot of things ready: the pots, pans, dishes, ______________________. 2. There is no need to hurry. ______________________, we still have all day tomorrow to finish. 3. I think there is a ______________________ between us and our parents. 4. At this time every year, many students ______________________ preparing for the entrance exams. 5. I ______________________ walking your home. Its too dark to walk alone. 6. Huaming told his parents he was ______________________ living in Shenzhen and making many new friends there. 7. To prepare for the Asian Games, there is much rebuilding ______________________ throughout Guangzhou. 8. Muff wasnt the killer, so he was ______________________at last. 9. When I studied in England, I met ______________________ students. 10. They ______________________ about smoking. 3、 重點(diǎn)句式 A 按要求作相應(yīng)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. "I never eat meat." He explained.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) ___________________________________________ 2. She says, "I like the weather!"(改為間接引語(yǔ)) ___________________________________________ 3. "Why did you stop the car here, Tom?" she asks.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) ___________________________________________ 4. "Dont make any noise, girls." said the old man.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) ___________________________________________ 5. "Where will you be here?" he asks me.(改為間接引語(yǔ)) __________________________________________ 6.I need to eat more fruit and less fried food. (請(qǐng)用I know 把句子變?yōu)閺?fù)合句) ___________________________________________ 7. I think you should cheat in the exams.(改為否定句) ___________________________________________ 8. Do you think you should pay for the meal?(作否定回答) ___________________________________________ 9. "I want to be an actor when I grow up." he thought.(改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子) _________________________________________ 10. "My dream will come true as long as I work hard." Alice believes.(改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子) ___________________________________________ B 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子 1. 奶奶常說(shuō),期待免費(fèi)的東西是不好的。 Grandma often says ____________________________________. 2. 據(jù)說(shuō),中國(guó)的父母都很為他們小孩的前途擔(dān)憂。 It says that _______________________________________. 3. 父母不要包辦一切,畢竟將來(lái)小孩要都要獨(dú)立。 Parents shouldnt do everything for their children. __________ ___________, in the future, they have to be _____________. 4. 小女孩手暑天 拿著個(gè)洋娃娃,傷心地哭著。 The little girl __________ ____________, with a toy ___________ her hands. 5. 我相信他們還沒(méi)趕上我們。 I ___________ believe that they ___________ caught up with us. Unit 7 1. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)歸納 if從句 1. 如果if從句談?wù)摰氖且环N真理、客觀事實(shí),表述一種必然的結(jié)果,那么主從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 If you cool water, it turns into ice. 2. 如果if從句談?wù)摰氖且粋€(gè)有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)結(jié)果,表述一種可能的結(jié)果,那么主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 If you write a shopping list, youll remember to get all the things. 3. 如果if引導(dǎo)的從句放在句首,后面要用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi);如果if引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后,不用逗號(hào)。 2、 重點(diǎn)句式 1. An easy way to do this is to imagine there is a "mile" between the first letter and the last letter. between .... and ... “在.......之間” There is a railroad between the two cities. imagine “想象;設(shè)想”,后跟名、代、動(dòng)詞ing形式、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句等。 I cant imagine working with such a foolish man. 3、 話題 了解大腦的構(gòu)造及其與記憶力之間的聯(lián)系;了解記憶力的分類。 過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè) 1、 詞匯 1. The a___________ part of the brain is called the grey matter. The non-active part is called the white matter. 2. She always has many good ideas. Shes got a good b__________. 3. What a p__________, that you have to leave. We were having so much fun. 4. The box is for the children to s__________ their toys. 5. He uses few new m__________ in his classroom teaching. 6. In the cartoon Tom and Jerry, Jerry is a s__________ mouse and he always gets Tom into trouble. 7. Educational exchange is a programme to a__________ students to visit different countries. 8. That afternoon, Tom gained all s__________ of from boys wanting to paint the fence. 9. A human brain w__________ about 1.4kg. 10. My parents say "No" when I asked for things. They say its bad to e__________ things for nothing. 2、 短語(yǔ) lose ones memory a large amount of lose weight leave school less than 1. My father will ask me to work with him in his company after I _______________. 2. The man _______________ in an accident and couldnt remember a thing. 3. Hes saved _______________ pocket money each month, so he could buy an mp3 player. 4. If there are _______________ 16 people, we wont be able to form a group to travel to India. 5. In order to _______________, the girl ate fruit instead of rice for supper. 3、 重點(diǎn)句式 A 按要求完成句子 1. he, go to bed earlier, feel tired, in the morning (用if和所給的詞和短語(yǔ)造句) ________ he ________ to bed earlier, he ____________ ____________ tired in the morning. 2. I believe it. Everyone can succeed. He works hard.(合并為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子) I believe _________ everyone can succeed ________ he works hard. B 根據(jù)中文完成句子 1. 如果你把水燒開(kāi),它會(huì)變成蒸汽。 _________ ____________ ___________ _____________, it ___________ steam. 2. 魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就會(huì)死。 Fish _________ ____________ you take them out of water. 3. 如果她沒(méi)有獨(dú)立生活的能力,她父母不會(huì)讓她出國(guó)留學(xué)。 If she _________ ____________ the abilities to live alone, her parents __________ let her study abroad. 4. 我們都知道長(zhǎng)期記憶比短期記憶持續(xù)長(zhǎng)久。 We all know that _____________________________. 5. 醒來(lái)后,她一點(diǎn)都不記不起昨晚發(fā)生的事。 When she woke up, she ___________________________. 6. 記住某事的簡(jiǎn)單方法就是嘗試在腦海中畫(huà)一張它的圖片。 ___________________________ remember something is to try drawing a picture of it in your mind. 7. 她害怕變肥,所以每再見(jiàn)都稱體重。 Shes afraid of getting fat, so she ___________________________ every day. 8. 姐姐比我高十公分。 My sister is ten centimeters ___________________________.- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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