2012高中英語課時(shí)講練通配套課件 Unit5《First Aid》Period 3新人教版必修5

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,省略是高考考綱要求掌握的內(nèi)容之一，在日常閱讀活動(dòng)或口語表達(dá)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)或使用，高考中也有考查。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：一：注重對省略句的理解 二：重點(diǎn)掌握幾種常考的省略現(xiàn)象，如不定式的省略、狀語從句的省略等。,觀察下列兩組句子，注意其區(qū)別。 受壓時(shí)變白 除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則應(yīng)把衣服脫掉。如果有必要，可以使用剪刀。,句①中when pressed是被省略的時(shí)間狀語從句，補(bǔ)全后是 when it is pressed 。在時(shí)間狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句 的主語一致且從句的動(dòng)詞是be的某種形式時(shí)，從句中的主語 和be動(dòng)詞可以省略。 句②中if necessary是省略形式，補(bǔ)全后是 if it is necessary 。 if條件句中如果主語是it(主句的主語也是it時(shí))，且又有系動(dòng) 詞is/was時(shí)，則可以省略 it is/was 。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：if any (如果有)，if possible (如果可能的話)，if so (如果這樣)， if not (如果不是……的話),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ. 簡單句中的省略 在同一個(gè)句子或?qū)υ捴?，為了避免重?fù)，作賓語或作補(bǔ)足語的不定式再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)，不定式符號to后面的內(nèi)容常常省略，只保留不定式符號to。 1. 在動(dòng)詞advise, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。 The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to ( enter the lab ).,,,,,,,2. 在“系動(dòng)詞(be)+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，即be afraid/ready/glad/happy/willing。 — Could you go shopping with me? — I’m glad to ( go shopping with you )(我樂意去). (glad) 3. 在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, look at, listen to等感觀動(dòng)詞(組)及使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have 后的“賓語+動(dòng)詞 不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式符號to必須省略。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,① I saw her leave just now. 我看見她離開了。 ②The children were made to work more than 16 hours a day. 這些孩子們每天被強(qiáng)迫工作超過16個(gè)小時(shí)。,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅱ. 復(fù)合句中的省略 1. 狀語從句中的省略 (1)在when，while，if， as if，though/although，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等連詞(組)連接的狀語從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語和be動(dòng)詞。 When ( I am ) in trouble, I always turn to her for help. 我困難時(shí)總是找她幫忙。,,,,,(2)在“when (if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast as，than等)+possible/necessary/important等”結(jié)構(gòu)中，可理解為中間省略了it is(或was)。 When ( it is ) necessary, you can help us to do something. 必要時(shí)你可以幫助我們做些事。 (3)so代替肯定的句子，而not代替否定的句子。 He may not be at home, if so ( he is not at home ), leave him a note. 他可能不在家，如果那樣的話，給他留個(gè)便條。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2. 定語從句中的省略 (1)在限制性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that，which, whom可以省略；在以the same. . . as和such. . . as引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，可以省略與主句相同的部分；在the way, the direction等表示方式、方法或方向的詞或詞組后面的定語從句中，可以省略that，in which。 ①He is not the boy ( that / who ) he was. 他不再是以前的他了。,,,,,②I don’t like such books as these ( are ). 我不喜歡這種書。 ③I don’t like the way ( in which ) he speaks to his mother. 我不喜歡他對母親說話的方式。,,,,,,,(2)定語從句中的“主語+系動(dòng)詞”可以省略。 The goods ( which were ) ordered last month haven’t arrived yet. 上個(gè)月訂的貨還沒到。 (3)先行詞是time, reason, place等時(shí)，作狀語的關(guān)系副詞when, why, where也可以省略。 This is the first time ( when ) he had trouble with his boss. 這是他第一次和老板鬧得不愉快。,,,,,,,3. 賓語從句中的省略 (1)在know, think, consider, find, explain等動(dòng)詞后跟賓語從 句時(shí)，連詞that可以省略，若有多個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一 個(gè)that可以省略。 The manager explained (that) the task was difficult and that the weather was bad. 經(jīng)理說任務(wù)艱巨而且天氣糟糕。,,,(2)由which, when, where, how等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，后部分 可全部省略。 He will come back, but we don’t know when ( he will come back ). 他會回來的，可是我們不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。,,,,,,,,,1. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(把下列句子變成省略句) ①M(fèi)r. Li picked up a coin in the road and Mr. Li handed it to the police. → Mr. Li picked up a coin in the road and handed it to the police . ②To some life is pleasure, and to others life is suffering. → To some life is pleasure , and to others suffering .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,③Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework. → Jack must have been playing football and Mary doing her homework . ④Jack will sing at the party, but I know John won’t sing at the party. → Jack will sing at the party , but I know John won’t .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2. 單項(xiàng)填空 ①—Hello, may I speak to Bill, please? — ________. A. Bill speaking B. That’s Bill C. Speaking to Bill D. I’m speaking 【解析】選A。這是一個(gè)電話用語的省略形式，其對應(yīng)的完整句是：This is Bill speaking. 。,②—Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t you forget it! —OK, I ________. A. won’t B. don’t C. will D. do 【解析】選A。對于祈使句，省略回答中常用I will表示“樂于去做某事”；用I won’t表示“將不會發(fā)生某事”。,③ _________ a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before. ［2011遼寧高考］ A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether 【解析】選B?？疾楦袊@句。句意：多么奇怪的植物??！我以前從沒見過。此處為“What +a/an+adj. +n．+it is/was”的省略結(jié)構(gòu)。,④When you have some difficulty _______ the problem, you can turn to me for help. A. to solve B. solving C. solved D. solve 【解析】選B。考查固定句型have difficulty (in) doing sth。在本結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞in可以省略。句意：當(dāng)你在解決這個(gè)問題遇到困難的時(shí)候，你可以向我求助。,⑤_________ with his room, mine is not big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 【解析】選D。當(dāng)表示“與……進(jìn)行比較時(shí)”，用compared with結(jié)構(gòu)。,⑥In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________. A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be 【解析】選D?？疾椴欢ㄊ降氖÷?。表示 “過去常?！庇胾sed to do. . . , 并且本題中動(dòng)詞原形be不能省略。,⑦—What’s the matter with Della? —Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still______. A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for 【解析】選A。固定搭配hope to do sth. 在用不定式作簡略回答時(shí), 常常將不定式to之后的內(nèi)容省略。,⑧ __________ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. ［2011天津高考］ A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 【解析】選B。結(jié)合省略考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意: 翻譯成英語后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子的詞序全變了?？崭裱a(bǔ)全后是When the sentence was translated，因此空格處需要用過去分詞。,⑨The island, _________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. ［2011全國卷Ⅱ］ A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 【解析】選C。結(jié)合非謂語動(dòng)詞考查省略。句意：這個(gè)島由一座橋和大陸連接著，很容易去的。island和join之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故需用過去分詞。joined to the mainland by a bridge是定語從句which is joined to the mainland by a bridge的省略。,⑩—Which would you like, chicken or fish? — ___________ A. I don’t think so. B. What if? C. Both. D. Neither can I. 【解析】選C。由題意知C項(xiàng)可以恢復(fù)為：I’d like them both / both of them。,?—Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ___________. A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 【解析】選A。此題考查狀語從句的省略as told=as they were told, 此處是as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句的省略。當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語一致, 且謂語動(dòng)詞含有be時(shí), 可將從句的主語和be省略。又因?yàn)閣orkers與tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 排除C、D。,?—My school is very beautiful. — _________. A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 【解析】選A。當(dāng)兩者情況或意思完全相同時(shí)，答句由so引出，出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象，同時(shí)還要注意需用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“也……”。So is mine. 相當(dāng)于My school is very beautiful, too. 。,?—I think you look very nice in the red dress. —_______________. A. Oh, no, not nice at all B. Glad you think so C. Don’t like red D. You are kind, indeed 【解析】選B。由語境知，答句對應(yīng)的完整句為I am glad that you think I look very nice in the red dress. 。,? It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. ________, we’d better take it to the garage immediately. ［2011江蘇高考］ A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so 【解析】選D。考查省略和替代。句意：聽起來車的引擎好像有問題，如果那樣的話，我們最好立刻把它弄到汽修廠去。前后兩句話之間是順承關(guān)系。otherwise否則，要不然；if not如果不這樣的話；but for that若不是因?yàn)椤?；if so若是這樣。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,