2012英語(yǔ)詞匯篇人教版選修6 unit 3《A healthy life》課件

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,以下是一則關(guān)于中國(guó)政府決定禁煙報(bào)道的主要內(nèi)容。 內(nèi)容包括：1. 全國(guó)公共場(chǎng)所禁煙；2. 實(shí)施時(shí)間：2011年1月1日起；3. 目標(biāo)：所有室內(nèi)公共場(chǎng)所無(wú)煙；4. 措施：張貼禁煙標(biāo)志。 相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)：1. 吸煙人數(shù)：近期統(tǒng)計(jì)約3.5億； 2. 分布：男性75％；女性：25％； 3. 受二手煙影響人數(shù)：約5.4億； 4. 因二手煙死亡人數(shù)：超過(guò)10萬(wàn)/年。 參考詞匯：二手煙second-hand smoke 請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容給學(xué)校墻報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)通訊稿，要點(diǎn)包括： 1. 禁煙決定的內(nèi)容及實(shí)施的時(shí)間和范圍; 2. 目標(biāo)和措施; 3. 關(guān)于禁煙方面的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。 注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右； 2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。,范文背誦 Our country begins to carry out the policy that prevents smoking in public buildings since January 1st, 2011. The main aim is to make every public rooms have no smoke by posting the sign of preventing smoking. There are 350 million people smoking recently, in which the male hold 75 percent and the female hold 25 percent. Because of these smokers, about 540 million non-smokers are influenced. More than 100 thousand people die per year because of the second-hand smoke. 句型背誦 ①Our country begins to carry out the policy that prevents smoking in public buildings. ②The main aim is to make every public rooms have no smoke by. ③More than 100 thousand people die per year because of the second-hand smoke.,1. ______ n. 酒;酒精→ ______ adj. 酒精的 2. ______ n. 壓力;重音；vt. 加壓力于;使緊張 → ______ adj. 產(chǎn)生壓力的;緊張的 3. ______ n. 青少年；adj. ______青春期的→ ______ n. 青春期 4. ______ vt.禁止;取締;n.禁令；譴責(zé)→ ______ v.（同義詞）禁止;阻止 5. ______ vt. 使習(xí)慣于→ ______ adj. 慣常的；習(xí)慣了的 6. ______ n. 收回;撤退;戒毒（或脫癮）過(guò)程→ ______ v. 收回;撤退 7. ______ adj.無(wú)意識(shí)的;自動(dòng)的→ ______ adv. 無(wú)意識(shí)地;自動(dòng)地 8. ______ adj. 精神的；智力的→ ______ adv. 精神上；智力上 9. ______ n. 結(jié)果；效力→ ______ v. 影響 10. ______ adj. 懷孕的→ ______ n. 懷孕 11. ______ adj. 畸形的;異常的→ ______ adj. 正常的,12. ______ adj. 氣喘吁吁的;屏息的→ ______ n. 呼吸 → ______ v. 呼吸 13. ______ adj. 不健康的;不合適的;不合格的 → ______ adj. 健康的;合適的 14. ______ vt. 加強(qiáng);鞏固;使堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；vi. 變強(qiáng)→ ______ n. 力氣;力量→ ______ adj. 強(qiáng)壯的;堅(jiān)固的 15. ______ adj. 絕望的；拼命的→ ______ adv. 拼命地；絕望地→ ______ n. 絕望，不顧一切 答案：1. alcohol; alcoholic2. stress; stressful 3. adolescent; adolescence 4. ban; forbid 5. accustom; accustomed6. withdrawal; withdraw 7. automatic; automatically8. mental; mentally 9. effect; affect10. pregnant; pregnancy 11. abnormal; normal12. breathless; breath; breathe 13. unfit; fit14. strengthen; strength; strong 15. desperate; desperately; desperation,1.______ to 由于…… 2. ______ to 對(duì)……有癮 3. ______ to 習(xí)慣于…… 4. ______ on 對(duì)……作出決定 5. feel______ (doing) 想要（做）…… 6. in______ of 不管；不顧 7. take______ / ______ ______ 冒險(xiǎn) 8. ______ ______9. stand 支持；代表 10. be______ of/that. 為……感到慚愧/羞愧 答案：1. due2. addicted3. accustomed4. decide5. like 6. spite7. risks; a risk8. risk9. for10. ashamed,When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew______ ______ _______ _______ quit smoking. 而當(dāng)我因?yàn)轶w質(zhì)差而被校足球隊(duì)除名后，我才知道該是我戒煙的時(shí)候了。 答案：it was time to,1. accustom vt. 使習(xí)慣于 These people accustomed themselves to hard work. 這些人習(xí)慣于艱苦的工作。,I am not accustomed to being interrupted. 我不習(xí)慣被別人打擾。 He is accustomed to loneliness. 他對(duì)孤獨(dú)已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： be accustomed to sth./doing sth.習(xí)慣于……（表示狀態(tài)） become/get accustomed to sth./doing sth. 習(xí)慣于……（表示動(dòng)作） accustom sb./oneself to sth./doing sth. 使某人習(xí)慣于…… 注意：to為介詞，后面須跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 溫馨提示：表示“習(xí)慣于……”的短語(yǔ)還有：be/get used to doing；adapt oneself to doing; adjust oneself to doing。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他的媽媽習(xí)慣于早起。 His mother_____ _____ _____ getting up early. ②你會(huì)很快適應(yīng)這里的氣候。 You will soon _____ _____ _____ the climate here. 答案：①is accustomed to②get accustomed to,單項(xiàng)填空 ③Since he often travels on business, he can himself to sleeping in any place he can find. (2010·天津模擬) A. devote B. accustom C. force D. reduce 解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意為：由于他經(jīng)常因公出差，他能適應(yīng)在任何能找到的地方睡覺(jué)。accustom oneself to doing sth. 使某人適應(yīng)……，符合句意。devote 致力于；force強(qiáng)迫，迫使；reduce減少。 2. quit vt. 停止（做某事）；離開(kāi) He got his present job when he quitted the school. 他退學(xué)后得到現(xiàn)在這份工作。 Quit talking rubbish. 別胡說(shuō)八道了。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： quit sth.離開(kāi)…… quit doing sth.停止做某事 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①發(fā)現(xiàn)不良習(xí)慣時(shí)我們必須及時(shí)改正。 We must_____ _____ _____ as soon as we find them.,②我沒(méi)辦法戒掉看電視。 I can not_____ _____TV. 答案：①quit bad habits ②quit watching 單項(xiàng)填空 ③Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people______ smoking. A. quit B. decline C. depart D. reserve 解析：選A。句意為：醫(yī)生正在做當(dāng)人們戒煙后身體上發(fā)生變化的研究。quit停止做……；decline下傾；下降；下垂;depart離開(kāi),啟程;reserve儲(chǔ)備,保存；預(yù)約。根據(jù)句意可知，選A。 3. ashamed adj. 感到慚愧或羞恥的（常作表語(yǔ)) I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself) now. 我昨天表現(xiàn)不好，現(xiàn)在感到很慚愧。 She was ashamed to ask such a simple question. 她不好意思提這么簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。 He was ashamed that he had done the stupid thing. 他很慚愧自己做了這樣愚蠢的事情。,常用結(jié)構(gòu)： be ashamed to be/to do sth.恥于做……；因難為情而不 愿意做…… be ashamed that.為……而感到慚愧或羞恥 be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth. 為做……而感到慚愧 be ashamed for sb.替某人感到慚愧 【易混辨析】 ashamed/shameful/shameless ashamed 指事情使人感到羞恥，慚愧，難為情等。 shameful 指事情或行為本身不道德。 shameless 指某人或行為是可恥的。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 I was ashamed______ lied to my mother. A. to be B. of having C. that D. of being 解析：選B。句意為：我因?yàn)橄蚰赣H撒了謊而感到慚愧。A項(xiàng)雖有be ashamed to do的形式,但后面是lied，所以應(yīng)排除，故同樣排除C和D。故選B。,4. risk n. 冒險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn) vt. 冒……風(fēng)險(xiǎn) If you don’t obey me, you should be at your own risk. 你如果不服從我的話，你應(yīng)該自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 They knew they risked being arrested. 他們知道自己冒著被捕的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 He risked his life to save the drowning boy. 他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去營(yíng)救那個(gè)溺水的男孩。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： risk doing sth.冒險(xiǎn)做…… at the risk of doing sth.冒著做……的危險(xiǎn) at all risks=at any risk無(wú)論冒什么險(xiǎn)；無(wú)論如何 risk one’s life to do sth.冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事,at risk處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn) 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 He risked______ his job to see me off. A.losing B. to risk C. being lost D. lost 解析：選A。risk doing sth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 5. due to由于…… Due to the foggy weather, the traffic moved very slowly. 由于有霧，車(chē)輛行進(jìn)緩慢。 Our happy childhood is due to our father’s hard work. 我們幸福的童年應(yīng)歸功于父親的辛勤工作。 The failure is due to his carelessness. 失敗是由于他的粗心造成的。,【聯(lián)想拓展】 表示“由于”的短語(yǔ)還有： because of 常作狀語(yǔ)，用于口語(yǔ)中，表示“因?yàn)椋捎凇薄?on account of 比because of 正式，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。 owing to 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，既能指積極的原因，也可指消極的原因，正式用語(yǔ)，多用于公告、聲明中。 thanks to 由于，多虧，常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，多表示正面的情況，有時(shí)也表示反面的情況。 as a result of 由于；由于……的原因。 in/as consequence of 由于……的緣故，常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。 in view of 由于；鑒于，常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①這場(chǎng)車(chē)禍?zhǔn)怯捎谒_(kāi)車(chē)疏忽大意造成的。 This accident was ______ _____ his careless driving. ②多虧你的幫助，這部車(chē)現(xiàn)在可以開(kāi)動(dòng)了。 _____ _____ _____your help, the car works now.,③鑒于這種情況，我們必須從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始著手解決這些不起眼的小問(wèn)題。 _____ _____ _____this situation, we must now set out to solve these small matters. 答案：①due to/owing to ②Thanks to ③In view of 單項(xiàng)填空 ④The great success of this program has been largely_____ the support given by the 10 local businessmen. A. instead of B. thanks to C. due to D. as a consequence 解析：選C。instead of不是……而是，代替；thanks to因?yàn)?，多虧了，常置于句首；due to由于；as a consequence 結(jié)果，不用作表語(yǔ)。句意為：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的巨大成功主要是由于當(dāng)?shù)?0位商界人士所提供的支持。 6. addicted to 對(duì)……有癮；入迷；沉溺于(to為介詞) Schoolboys are easier to be addicted than schoolgirls to Internet. 男生比女生更容易上網(wǎng)成癮。 He was addicted to cocaine.他吸可卡因上癮。 He was addicted to gambling.他賭博成癮。,常用結(jié)構(gòu)： be addicted to sth./doing sth.=addict oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于某種嗜好；醉心于某種活動(dòng) 【聯(lián)想拓展】 addict n. \[C\] 入迷的人；有癮的人vt. 使……成癮 addictive adj. 使成癮的；上癮的 addiction n. 沉溺；成癮；上癮；入迷 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 Although she is only 17 years old, she______ drugs for two years. A. addicts B. has addicted to C. has addicted D. has been addicted to 解析：選D。句意為：盡管她只有17歲，卻已有毒癮兩年了。be addicted to對(duì)……上癮；其中addicted是形容詞，前面應(yīng)有系動(dòng)詞be。,7. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. （P19） 每次你想要吸煙的時(shí)候，你要提醒自己：你（已經(jīng)）是不吸煙的人了。 every time在句中相當(dāng)于連詞，連接了兩個(gè)分句；remind后面又跟了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 用法點(diǎn)撥：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句通常由when, while, as before, after, as soon as 等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，但有時(shí)也可由every time, each time，the moment, the day等引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)這類(lèi)詞或詞組就起到一個(gè)從屬連詞的作用。 Each time I get a cold, I have a headache. 每次傷風(fēng)我都頭疼。 He phoned me the moment he reached Chicago. 他一到芝加哥就打電話給我。,溫馨提示：此外immediately, instantly, directly等詞也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 He made for the door directly he heard the knock. 一聽(tīng)到敲門(mén)聲他就跑去開(kāi)門(mén)了。 I got in touch with him immediately I received the letter. 我一接到信就和他聯(lián)系了。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 ______ I toured Zhang Jiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery. A. For the first time B. At first C. It was the first time D. The first time 解析：選D?？疾榫渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)。the first time作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫(xiě) 1. You mustn’t try taking drugs, because they are easily _a____ and it is hard to get rid of them. 2. They had _a____ themselves to the cold weather here. 3. People can easily become______ (精神上) addicted to drugs when they start taking them. 4. She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and ______ (最后) work for the Times. 5. She is ______ (不好意思的) of her failure. 6. So I did the wrong thing! Well, nobody’s ______ (完美的). 7. My father has ______ (停止) smoking. 8. The doors opened ______ (自動(dòng)地) as we approached. 9. Some ______ (青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs. 答案：1. addictive 2. accustomed 3. mentally 4. eventually5. ashamed6. perfect7. quit/quitted8. automatically 9. adolescents,1. His father has become_______ drugs. 2. I’m sorry for _______ the important point in your speech. 3. His grandfather has _______ life in the mountains from his childhood. 4. How do you _______ carry such a heavy box? 5. These pictures _______ me of my school days. 6. I have _______ buying a bike for my brother’s birthday. 7. She saved my life _______ losing her own. 8. _______ his illness, he works hard. 9. WTO _______ the World Trade Organization. 10. He _______ not having passed the driving test.,Ⅱ. 用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空,答案：1. addicted to2. leaving out3. been accustomed to 4. manage to5. remind6. decided on7. at the risk of 8. In spite of9. stands for10. was ashamed to Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. Her worldwide fame is_____ ______ 歸功于）his support.（due） 2. She found it necessary to _____ her child _____（使……養(yǎng)成）getting up early. 3. He kept on smoking _____ _____ _____ （不管） warnings.（spite） 4. It’s so hot today. I _____ _____ （渴望）going swimming. （feel） 5. The girl has _____ _____ (養(yǎng)成)the habit of playing with her hair while reading. （get） 答案：1. due to 2. accustom； to 3. in spite of 4. feel like 5. got into Ⅳ. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. It doesn’t make any _____ now what he says—it’s too late for apologies. A. difference B. effect C. progress D. development,解析：選A。句意為：現(xiàn)在你說(shuō)什么都不起作用了——道歉為時(shí)已晚。make a difference (to) sb./sth.對(duì)……有影響，起重要作用；have an effect on sb./sth.對(duì)……有影響；取得進(jìn)步；make developments取得發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意，選A。 2. The girl was caught stealing a gold ring_____ flourish(虛榮). A. under the stress of B. to put stress on C. to stress D. from the stress of 解析：選A。句意為：在虛榮心的驅(qū)使下，那個(gè)女孩在偷一個(gè)金戒指時(shí)被逮住了。 under the stress of在……的壓力下。 3._____ there are many differences in personality, they have a lot ______common. A. While; in B. Although; on C. In spite of; inD. Thanks to; on 解析：選A。in spite of 為介詞短語(yǔ)，后接名詞、代詞或短語(yǔ)，不能接句子；而本句第一個(gè)空后是句子形式，需填連詞， while用作連詞，意為“雖然；盡管”； have.in common為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“有共同之處”。,4. During the earthquake, the great part of damage and loss of life was_____ the poor quality of the buildings, which couldn’t fight against its force. A. as forB. instead of C. according to D. due to 解析：選D。句意為：在這次地震中，損失和人員傷亡之大是由于建筑物的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題，它們不能抗震。due to意為“由于；歸因于”，符合句意。instead of 不是……而是;代替；according to根據(jù)；as for至于；關(guān)于。 5. It was a(n) _____ situation, because the restaurant was too expensive for us but we didn’t want to just leave. A. amazing B. curious C. desperate D. awkward 解析：選D。根據(jù)because從句的意思可知,這是很難為情的局面, awkward意為 “難為情的;局促不安的”，符合句意。amazing令人驚奇的；curious 好奇的；desperate絕望的；拼命的。 6. I don’t forget for ever how many years ago______ was that I last met her in the coffee bar. A. this B. it C. which D. when 解析：選B。forget后接的是賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中含有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是how many years ago, 所以答案為B。,7. I need to buy a new MP4 and cellphone badly but I can’t afford______ . A. one B. that C. it D. the one 解析：選C。it代指前面所提到的to buy a new MP4 and cellphone這件事情。 8. ______ excited us greatly that the torch relay of 2008 Olympics was held in Qufu, the hometown of Confucius. A. What B. That C. It D. As 解析：選C。it 作形式主語(yǔ),代替后面真正的主語(yǔ) that引導(dǎo)的從句。 9. I’ve heard said that Princess Harly was put into prison because of illegal behaviour. A. it B. him C. what D. that 解析：選A。it作形式賓語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句為真正的賓語(yǔ)。 10. —Have you get used to the weather here? —Yes. But I don’t enjoy ______ in the summer when it rains on end. A. this B. that C. one D. it,解析：選D。句意為：——你習(xí)慣這里的天氣了嗎?——是的。但是我不喜歡夏季陰雨綿綿的時(shí)候。enjoy后接if/when從句時(shí),需先用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。有此用法的詞還有prefer, dislike, appreciate, hate, love 等。 11. I recognized him_____ I saw him in the crowd. A. now that B. in case C. the moment D. if 解析：選C。句意為：在人群里，我一看到他就認(rèn)出他來(lái)了。the moment（一……就……） 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。now that既然;in case萬(wàn)一;if如果。 12. He is _____ now. To help him is a _____ that I’m prepared to take. A. in risk; risk B. in danger； risk C. danger; risk D. in danger; in risk 解析：選B。句意為：他現(xiàn)在處于危險(xiǎn)中，幫助他是我愿意冒險(xiǎn)的事情。in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中; take a risk采取冒險(xiǎn)行為。,13. Much _____ I like this car, _____ I can’t afford it. A. as; /B. though; butC. although; /D. as; but 解析：選A。句意為：盡管我很喜歡這部車(chē)，但是我買(mǎi)不起。as 和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，且都不和but連用。 14. They were anxious for a month, ______ away from home without saying a word. A. because of he was B. with their son was C. for him had been D. with their son 解析：選D。句意為：他們的兒子沒(méi)留下任何消息離家出走近一個(gè)月，他們非常焦急。with＋名詞＋形容詞，作原因狀語(yǔ)；because of是介詞，后面應(yīng)該接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 15. —What a pity______ ! My new car won’t start. —There must be something wrong in it. A. there is B. this is C. it is D. that is 解析：選C。句意為：——真遺憾，我的新車(chē)起動(dòng)不起來(lái)了。——它一定出了問(wèn)題了。此處it指代后一句的意思，兩句話會(huì)并為一句為：“It is a pity that my new car won’t start”。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,