高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)題組訓(xùn)練 專題7 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1

《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)題組訓(xùn)練 專題7 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)題組訓(xùn)練 專題7 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1（31頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

專題7 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 1．(2016新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 1．using→used　句意：每天他都確保用于烹飪的是新鮮的蔬菜和高質(zhì)量的油。此處表示被動(dòng)含義，be used for“被用來(lái)做”。 2．(2016新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside. 2．had→have　句意：……有些人甚至要在外面等。此處是在介紹現(xiàn)在的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 3．(2016新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea. 3．thought→think　句意：……我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意。根據(jù)前句中的suggest可知，本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 4．(2016四川)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mothers Day.We get up early in the morning. 4．get→got　句意：……我們那天早上起得早。根據(jù)上句中的planned可知，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 5．(2015新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there. 5．think→thought　句意：……我原認(rèn)為在那兒將會(huì)很快樂(lè)。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指過(guò)去的想法，該用過(guò)去時(shí)。 6．(2015新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 6．去掉been　句意：許多研究表明，全球變暖已經(jīng)成為了一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。分析句意可知，studies與show之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，不需要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 7．(2015新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Tony was scared and begun to cry. 7．begun→began　句意：托尼害怕了，開(kāi)始哭了起來(lái)。begin是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不能與scared并列，而是與was并列，因此須用過(guò)去式。 8．(2015陜西)My mum makes the best biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic steps of baking. 8．decide→decided　句意：我母親做的餅干是世界上最好吃的，因此我決定向她求助……。根據(jù)文意及下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此文記述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，須用過(guò)去時(shí)。 9．(2015四川)As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here. 9．tell→told　句意：正如我上次告訴你的那樣，我在這里交上了三位新朋友。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last time可知，此句需要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 10．(2014新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)．..for all these years—we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please. 10．had→have　句意：……這些年來(lái)，我們一直允許圣女果在適合它們生長(zhǎng)的地方自我繁衍。本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是all these years，根據(jù)文意可知，指現(xiàn)在還一直在進(jìn)行的事情，須用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 11．(2014廣西)The understanding between two friends means both of them have similar ideas and trusting each other. 11．trusting→trust　句意：朋友間的相互理解就意味著兩個(gè)人都要有相似的觀點(diǎn)并相互信任。根據(jù)句意分析可知，本句的賓語(yǔ)從句中有兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。 12．(2014浙江)I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people. 12．去掉had　句意：……我注意到車(chē)廂里很吵鬧，擠滿了人。由前句可知敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的一件事情，而不是過(guò)去的過(guò)去的事情，不需要使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 13．(2014浙江)Before long，a train inspector comes to check our tickets.A passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket... 13．comes→came　句意：不久，列車(chē)員過(guò)來(lái)檢票了……由下句可知講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 14．(2014遼寧)This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock. 14．starts→started　句意：今天早晨，她甚至五點(diǎn)之前就開(kāi)始叫起來(lái)了。本句敘述的是今天早晨發(fā)生的事情，為過(guò)去所發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 15．(2014陜西)My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven...My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. 15．come→came　句意：……我的叔叔們帶著狩獵的弓箭一起來(lái)了。由上文“When I was seven”可知講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 1．(2016新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，62)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research.I ________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre. 1．was allowed　句意：……在這個(gè)占地六百英畝的中心，我被允許靠近這些可愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。由語(yǔ)境可知作者被允許接近這些動(dòng)物，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2．(2016新課標(biāo)Ⅲ，62)Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 2．be made　句意：真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中國(guó)特色的金或銀制成的。make和chopsticks之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，空格前有might，所以用be made。 3．(2016四川，61)The giant panda ________(love)by people throughout the world. 3．is loved　句意：大熊貓被全世界人民所喜愛(ài)。主語(yǔ)the giant panda和動(dòng)詞love構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 4．(2016四川，69)Then，after two and a half years，the mother ________(drive)the young panda away. 4．drove　句意：然后，兩年半之后這位母親趕走了熊貓寶寶。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 5．(2016浙江，5)While online shopping ________(change)our life，not all of its effects have been positive. 5．has changed　句意：盡管網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物已經(jīng)改變了我們的生活，但是并不是所有的影響都是積極的。主語(yǔ)是online shopping，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境以及后面的have been可知，這里要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 6．(2016浙江，9)Silk ________(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 6．had become　句意：到公元前100年為止，絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路上交易的主要商品之一。by about 100 BC是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)到公元前100年為止，所以要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 7．(2016北京，21)Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 7．was working　句意：杰克正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里工作的時(shí)候突然停電了。本句使用了be doing sth.when...句式，表示“正在做某事，突然……”，此時(shí)主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 8．(2016北京，23)—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________(wait)here for more than two hours. 8．have been waiting　句意：——對(duì)不起，你們?cè)诘仁裁措娪?？——新版的《星球大?zhàn)》。我們?cè)谶@里等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷，語(yǔ)境表示在過(guò)去很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間里一直在做某事，并且還將繼續(xù)，此時(shí)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 9．(2016北京，25)I ________(read)half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. 9．have read　句意：這本英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)我已經(jīng)讀了一半，這個(gè)周末我將盡力把它讀完。語(yǔ)境表示“已經(jīng)讀了一半”，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生并且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作。 10．(2016北京，30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________(reward)with success in the end. 10．will be rewarded　句意：這些學(xué)生一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力最終會(huì)以成功作為回報(bào)。由語(yǔ)境可知，學(xué)生的努力會(huì)得到回報(bào)是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；reward和their efforts之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 11．(2016天津，3)When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________(see)for years. 11．hadnt seen　句意：在街上散步時(shí)，我偶遇了大衛(wèi)。我已經(jīng)很多年沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他了。“我很多年沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他”發(fā)生在came across之前，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 12．(2015新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，61)It was raining lightly when I ________(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care. 12．a(chǎn)rrived　句意：黃昏前我到達(dá)陽(yáng)朔時(shí)正下著小雨，但是我不在意。由主句 “It was raining.” 可知這里應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 13．(2015新課標(biāo)Ⅱ，68)This cycle ________(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. 13．goes　句意：這個(gè)循環(huán)日復(fù)一日的進(jìn)行……主語(yǔ)this cycle為單數(shù)形式；結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)day after day可知，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況，須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填goes。 14．(2015北京，30)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right.I________(call)him later. 14．will call　句意：——杰克遜醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在不在辦公室?！玫摹Ｎ乙粫?huì)兒打給他。根據(jù)發(fā)話者的is not...at the moment及答語(yǔ)中的later可知，在這種情況下，答話者將晚點(diǎn)打電話給他，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。 15．(2015北京，22)—Did you enjoy the party? —Yes，we ________(treat)well by our hosts. 15．were treated　句意：——你喜歡那個(gè)派對(duì)嗎？——喜歡，我們受到了主人熱情的款待。根據(jù)上一句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，這里使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；we和treat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以這里使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合起來(lái)這里用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 16．(2015北京，27)—Did you have difficulty finding Anns house? —Not really.She ________(give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 16．had given　句意：——你們找到安的家費(fèi)了很大力氣嗎？——沒(méi)有。她給了我們清楚的指示，所以我們很容易就找到了。因?yàn)檎业桨驳募野l(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以安給出指示應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，所以這里使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 17．(2015福建，26)To my delight，I________(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 17．was chosen　句意：令我高興的是，在成百上千的申請(qǐng)者中我被選中參加開(kāi)幕式。主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而且發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 18．(2015湖南，22)As you go through this book，you ______(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. 18．will find　句意：當(dāng)你瀏覽這本書(shū)的時(shí)候，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些經(jīng)歷過(guò)二戰(zhàn)的幾百萬(wàn)人中，每一個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以主句使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 19．(2015湖南，25)I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I ________(ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？” 19．a(chǎn)sked　句意：當(dāng)我問(wèn)“你希望我現(xiàn)在做什么？” 的時(shí)候我掩飾不住自己的渴望。因?yàn)橹骶涫褂玫氖且话氵^(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以when引導(dǎo)的從句使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 20．(2015安徽，22)If you come to visit China，you ________(experience)a culture of amazing depth and variety. 20．will experience　句意：如果你來(lái)中國(guó)參觀，你就會(huì)體驗(yàn)有著驚人深度且多元化的文化。因?yàn)閕f條件句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以主句使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 21．(2015安徽，24)Just as I got to the school gate，I realised I ________(leave)my book in the cafe. 21．had left　句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)學(xué)校門(mén)口的時(shí)候，我才意識(shí)到我把我的書(shū)落在了咖啡館里。由句意可知我“到達(dá)校門(mén)口”發(fā)生在過(guò)去，“丟書(shū)”在這個(gè)動(dòng)作在前，所以這里使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 22．(2015安徽，29)It is reported that a space station ______(build)on the moon in years to come. 22．will be built　句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，在未來(lái)的幾年里，月球上將會(huì)建起一個(gè)太空站。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in years to come可知，本句使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，又因?yàn)閟pace station與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以這里使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合起來(lái)，這里使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 23．(2015四川，4)More expressways ________(build)in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. 23．will be built　句意：為了促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，更多的高速公路將很快在四川建造。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon及expressways與build之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系可知應(yīng)用will be built，即一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 24．(2015陜西，22) Marty ________(work)really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday. 24．has been working　句意：馬蒂一直非常賣(mài)力地在寫(xiě)他的書(shū)，并且他覺(jué)得到星期五他就會(huì)寫(xiě)完了?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并沒(méi)有結(jié)束，將一直持續(xù)下去。 25．(2015天津，6)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she ________(teach)a class at that time. 25．will be teaching　句意：瓊不能出席今天下午3點(diǎn)的會(huì)議了，因?yàn)樵谀莻€(gè)時(shí)間她正在上課。at that time提示此處表示將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)將正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 26．(2015天津，9)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement ________(reach)so far by the two sides. 26．has been reached　句意：盡管先前進(jìn)行了幾輪的談判，但是迄今為止，兩邊還沒(méi)有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，提示詞為so far，由agreement可知用單數(shù)形式。 27．(2014新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，61)In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It ________(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 27．was　句意：在1969年，俄亥俄州克利夫蘭市附近的凱霍加河沿岸污染嚴(yán)重，難以想象它能夠被清理干凈。根據(jù)前一句的in 1969及本句中從句的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，本句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 28．(2014新課標(biāo)Ⅱ，45)．..So I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike ________(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 28．caught　句意：……我能很好地看到人行道，一個(gè)騎自行車(chē)的男孩子吸引了我的注意。他在公交車(chē)旁邊騎行并揮舞著手臂。所填的詞是句子的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，catch my attention發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故填caught。 29．(2016江西南昌高三10月聯(lián)考)．..for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal safety could not ________(guarantee)． 29．be guaranteed　句意：……因?yàn)槿绻麄兊膫€(gè)人安全得不到保障，那么就會(huì)有越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生退學(xué)。分析條件狀語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系可知，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 30．(2014廣西，22)Unless some extra money ________(find)，the theatre will close. 30．is found　句意：如果找不到額外的資金，這家劇院就會(huì)關(guān)閉。主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)；money與find是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填is found，構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 31．(2014山東，5)They made up their minds that they ________(buy)a new house once Larry changed jobs. 31．would buy　句意：他們決定一旦拉里換工作，就購(gòu)置新房。由主句時(shí)態(tài)判斷，buy是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的，故填would buy。 32．(2014四川，9)She ________(phone)someone，so I nodded to her and went away. 32．was phoning　句意：她正在給人打電話，所以我沖她點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭就走開(kāi)了。根據(jù)從句判斷，phone是過(guò)去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故填was phoning。 33．(2014北京，31)—What time is it? —I have no idea.But just a minute，I________(check)it for you. 33．will check　句意：——幾點(diǎn)了？——我也不知道。等一下，我?guī)湍憧匆幌?。根?jù)語(yǔ)境可知，check是臨時(shí)打算要做的動(dòng)作，故用will do，表示將來(lái)。 34．(2014重慶，8)James has just arrived，but I didnt know he ________(come)until yesterday. 34．was coming　句意：詹姆斯剛剛到，但是直到昨天我才知道他要來(lái)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，我過(guò)去不知道他要來(lái)，表示“過(guò)去將要……”，故填was coming。 35．(2014陜西，22)During his stay in Xian，Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends________(recommend)． 35．had recommended　句意：在西安逗留期間，杰瑞幾乎品嘗了他的朋友推薦的所有的地方名吃。結(jié)合句意可知，“推薦”發(fā)生在“品嘗”之前，因此用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 36．(2014福建，23)—Havent seen you for ages！Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and________(stay)there for one year，teaching as a volunteer. 36．stayed　句意：——好幾年沒(méi)見(jiàn)你了！你去哪兒了？——我去了寧夏，在那兒待了一年，作為一名志愿者在那里教學(xué)。根據(jù)句意，在寧夏待了一年是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故應(yīng)填stayed。 37．(2014安徽，23)The twins，who ________(finish)their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 37．had finished　句意：那對(duì)雙胞胎已完成家庭作業(yè)，他們被允許在操場(chǎng)上打羽毛球。結(jié)合句意可知finish動(dòng)作在were allowed前發(fā)生，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，故填had finished。 38．(2013安徽，24)Im calling about the apartment you ________(advertise)the other day.Could you tell me more about it? 38．a(chǎn)dvertised　句意：我打電話咨詢一下你們前幾天在廣告中介紹的那座房子，你能不能給我詳細(xì)介紹一下？由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)the other day可知，這里要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 39．(2013陜西，11)On Monday mornings it usually________(take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. 39．takes　句意：雖然實(shí)際距離只有20英里，但是在每周一的早上我開(kāi)車(chē)去上班通常會(huì)花費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí)。根據(jù)句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)on Monday mornings和副詞usually暗示可知，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性。 1．解決時(shí)態(tài)類(lèi)考題時(shí)，首先要判斷所需成分是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)橹挥芯渥硬庞袝r(shí)態(tài)，而句子的時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。如通過(guò)過(guò)去式，have done，be doing，will do等來(lái)分別表明過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)等。 (2015浙江)My old classroom was interesting...The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. 【解析】　is→was　句意：……從教室后面看，景色也很好。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，敘述過(guò)去的事情，須用過(guò)去時(shí)。 (2014山東，1)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more timeconsuming than we ________(expect)． 【解析】　had expected　句意：用手寫(xiě)所有請(qǐng)柬要比我們所預(yù)料的更耗費(fèi)時(shí)間。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷出，要填的詞是than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再根據(jù)was及“我們預(yù)料”確定，expect是過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以填had expected，構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 2．確定屬于句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，再通過(guò)在題干中尋找時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，觀察上下文提供的語(yǔ)境，以及前后時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)等來(lái)判斷使用正確的時(shí)態(tài)，從而正確填寫(xiě)或改正句中的時(shí)態(tài)。解題的關(guān)鍵在于瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確捕捉與時(shí)間相關(guān)的信息。 (2015北京，26)In the last few years，China ________(make)great achievements in environmental protection. 【解析】　has made　句意：最近一些年，中國(guó)在環(huán)保方面取得了很大的成就。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In the last few years可知，這里使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 (2015福建，30)—Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and________(write)his essay there ever since. 【解析】　has been writing　句意：——彼得去哪里了？我到處都找不到他?！绮秃笏D書(shū)館了，自從那時(shí)他一直在寫(xiě)論文。由ever since可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，而且動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 3．被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)類(lèi)考題的解題關(guān)鍵在于判斷句子的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是否是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查總是與句子時(shí)態(tài)一起，即確定是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之后，還要通過(guò)相關(guān)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷出是哪一種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這樣才能確保填寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)確的答案或改正相應(yīng)的錯(cuò)誤。 (2014遼寧，66)Tai Chi ________(call)“shadow boxing” in English. 【解析】　is called　句意：太極在英文中被稱為“shadow boxing”。所填詞是句子的謂語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)Tai Chi 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“……被稱為”意義；句子說(shuō)的是事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is called。 (2014廣東，18)We ________(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week... 【解析】　were told　句意：我們被告知我們預(yù)訂的房間不是那一周的……所填詞是句子的謂語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)we是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“我們被告知”；由從句時(shí)態(tài)判斷出動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填were told。 1．(2016福建福州十三中期中考試)Today Ive got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance. 1．had→have　句意：我今天有好消息要告訴你，我以良好的表現(xiàn)在英國(guó)一家公司得到了一份工作。根據(jù)句意可知，指目前的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 2．(2016湖南衡陽(yáng)八中二模)To everyone in the world，money was a sensitive topic. 2．was→is　句意：對(duì)于世界上每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，錢(qián)都是一個(gè)敏感的話題。根據(jù)句意可知，表示一種客觀事實(shí)，須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 3．(2016四川成都外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三月考)I wept and said I do want to do my best but I just couldnt concentrate. 3．do→did　句意：我哭了，說(shuō)我的確想盡力而為，但是就是不能專注。根據(jù)全文意思及本句前面的并列分句可知，此處指過(guò)去的情況，須用過(guò)去時(shí)。 4．(2016四川成都外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三月考)One evening，a man visited me and after a while，he inquires about my studies. 4．inquires→inquired　句意：一天晚上，有個(gè)人來(lái)看我，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，他詢問(wèn)了我的學(xué)習(xí)情況。根據(jù)句意可知，指那天晚上發(fā)生的事情，須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 1．(2016安徽合肥八中第一次段考)He had wild black hair flecked with gray and ________(wear)a pink shirt and silk slippers. 1．was wearing　句意：他亂亂的黑發(fā)中長(zhǎng)有些許白發(fā)，身穿粉紅色的襯衫，腳上穿著一雙絲綢拖鞋。由于描述當(dāng)時(shí)所穿的衣服、鞋子等，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 2．(2016福建福州十三中期中考試)Then he ________(hide)behind a tree and waited. 2．hid　句意：于是，他躲在樹(shù)后等待著。根據(jù)and后面的waited可知，與之并列的動(dòng)作也發(fā)生在過(guò)去，須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 3．(2016福建福州十三中期中考試)“The night ________(be)very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” 3．will be　句意：“夜晚將會(huì)漆黑，一些鄰居漆黑中過(guò)來(lái)就會(huì)被這塊石頭絆倒。”根據(jù)后面句子中的will come along可知，指將會(huì)發(fā)生的情況。 4．(2016山東臨沭一中高三第一次月考)At my school，“dress down” tickets ________(sell)on school days. 4．a(chǎn)re sold　句意：我們學(xué)校上學(xué)日都有“免穿校服”券出售。分析tickets與sell的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 5．(2015四川岳池中學(xué)高考一輪)I noticed a man sitting at the front.He ________(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 5．was pretending　句意：我注意到前面坐著一個(gè)男人，他一直佯稱老虎玩具是真的并為它配音。pretend是過(guò)去動(dòng)作“注意到前面坐著一個(gè)男人”發(fā)生時(shí)正在發(fā)生的，故本句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 6．(2015廣西南寧第一次適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))Oh，it looks like Professor Brown is here.I ________(talk) to you some more after class. 6．will talk　句意：奧，好像布朗教授在這里，下課后再和你聊。根據(jù)前一句的時(shí)態(tài)及after class判斷，talk是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故填will talk。 7．(2015黑龍江大慶高三二模)Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I ________(live) in the heart of the city. 7．lived　句意：多年前，我是一個(gè)窮畫(huà)家，試著在一家當(dāng)?shù)氐拿佬g(shù)館賣(mài)畫(huà)。那時(shí)，我住在市中心。由years ago判斷，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填lived。 8．(2015廣西梧州、崇左高三摸底考)She also ________(believe) in healthy diet.And she requires us to have regular meals. 8．believes　句意：她相信健康飲食，并且要求我們按時(shí)吃飯。根據(jù)后一句的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；she作主語(yǔ)，故填第三人稱單數(shù)形式believes。 9．(2015山東淄博高三一摸底)We jumped out of the windows as he came in through the door and ________(go) into the kitchen to take some food for the first time. 9．went　句意：他從門(mén)口進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我們從窗戶跳了出去，第一次從廚房里拿了一些食物。and連接并列謂語(yǔ)，go的形式與前面的jumped一致，故填went。 10．(2015河南洛陽(yáng)第一次統(tǒng)考)I immediately responded with a smile and my heart felt free of the stress that I ________(carry)． 10．was carrying/had been carrying　句意：我立刻報(bào)以微笑，而且我心中所帶的壓力也釋放了。根據(jù)felt free判斷，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞carry是過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前在進(jìn)行的/持續(xù)的，可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故可填was carrying或had been carrying。 11．(2014山西運(yùn)城期末調(diào)研)Every answer I gave ________(receive) by a frown from the manager. 11．was received　句意：我的每一個(gè)答案經(jīng)理都是皺眉反應(yīng)。所填詞是句子的謂語(yǔ)，與單數(shù)主語(yǔ)every answer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)從句時(shí)態(tài)判斷用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填was received。 12．(2014甘肅會(huì)寧五中第三次月考)I remembered she once ________(tell) me that she would not fall in love with a darkhaired guy. 12．told　句意：我記得她曾告訴我她不會(huì)愛(ài)上黑頭發(fā)的家伙。根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)及once判斷本空填told。 13．(2014云南師大附中適應(yīng)性月考四)Pariss cultural diversities ________(present) widely by the fact that many worldwide designers are pleased to show up with their new designs. 13．a(chǎn)re presented　句意：巴黎文化的多樣化是通過(guò)許多世界級(jí)的設(shè)計(jì)師喜歡展示他們的新設(shè)計(jì)這個(gè)事實(shí)體現(xiàn)的。所填詞是句子的謂語(yǔ)，與復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)diversities之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)從句時(shí)態(tài)判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填are presented。 14．(2014江西南昌高三二模)He told me that he ________(overhear) the conversation with the coworker about helping the sick woman. 14．had overheard　句意：他告訴我他無(wú)意中聽(tīng)到我與同事關(guān)于幫助那位生病的女士的對(duì)話。overhear發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作told之前，是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填had overheard。 ?？嫉母鞣N時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)形式 時(shí)態(tài)種類(lèi) 主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do/does is/am/are done 一般過(guò)去時(shí) did was/were done 一般將來(lái)時(shí) will/shall do will/shall be done 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) would do would be done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) is/am/are doing is/am/are being done 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were doing was/were being done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) has/have done has/have been done 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done had been done 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) has/have been doing has/have been being done 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) will be doing will be being done 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常用usually，often，always，sometimes，every day，once a week等作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 I usually have my hair cut once a month. The students often do their experiments in the lab. (2)表示客觀真理、格言以及不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在。 The earth moves around the sun. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush. (3)表示按時(shí)間表、計(jì)劃、規(guī)定發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 The train leaves at 2：35 this afternoon. (4)在主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中代替將來(lái)時(shí)。 You will succeed if you try your best. Even if it rains tomorrow，the football match will take place. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 Our friends are waiting for us outside now. (2)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或發(fā)生的事情。 She is learning English at college. (3)某些短暫性動(dòng)詞，如come，go，start，open，close，arrive，return，begin，leave等用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 My father is coming to see me this Saturday. He is leaving for Beijing next week. (4)某些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示慢慢地、漸漸地發(fā)生變化。 Im forgetting English. She is losing her eyesight. 表示存在、擁有、認(rèn)知、情感等的動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，常見(jiàn)的有keep，stay，remain，consist of，contain，have，belong to，possess，own，hold，sound，look，seem，appear，smell，taste，feel，see，hear，understand，know，suppose，remember，admit，forget，believe，think，like，love，hate，prefer等。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (1)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，常用recently，lately，ever，never，once，before，yet，just等作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 He hasnt heard any news from his son lately. Have you ever been to London? (2)表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常用so far，up till now，since，for a long time，in the past/last few years，these days等作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 So far no life has been found outside the earth. He has learned 5，000 English words since he went to college. (3)“This/It is＋the ＋序數(shù)詞＋time ＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 This is the second time that I have visited the university. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還會(huì)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的動(dòng)作。 I am very tired.I have been painting the house all the afternoon. (2)表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間里一直反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 I have been calling him several times this morning，but there is no answer. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作”的持續(xù)性，表示“未完成”的含義；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)“時(shí)間”的經(jīng)過(guò)或動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的“結(jié)果”，表示“已完成”的含義。 一般過(guò)去時(shí) (1)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday. He came to work here two weeks ago. (2)在時(shí)間、條件從句中代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 He said he would not go if it rained. (3)有些句子，雖然沒(méi)有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但實(shí)際上指的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有know，think，expect等，表示“本來(lái)認(rèn)為”。 I didnt expect to meet you here. I thought he had heard the news. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，常與確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，不和確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 過(guò)去完成時(shí) (1)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 By the end of last term，we had learned 2，000 words. He had left before I got home. (2)hope，expect，think，intend，want，suppose等用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為“原本……”。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match. (3)“It/This/That was＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. (4)“hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no sooner...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 Hardly had the game started when it started to rain. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或發(fā)生的事情。 She was writing a book about China last year，but I dont know whether she has finished it. (2)表示過(guò)去一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 It was raining as the medical team made its way to the front. He was watching TV in the living room when someone knocked at the door. (3)短暫性動(dòng)詞come，go，leave，arrive，begin等用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示按計(jì)劃、安排在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 They were coming to attend the meeting a few days later. 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 (1)“shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來(lái)，往往指客觀上勢(shì)必要發(fā)生的事情或沒(méi)有計(jì)劃，臨時(shí)做出的打算。shall用于第一人稱，will用于第二、三人稱。 When will you be able to give us a reply? We shall have a lot of rain next month. —Where