（浙江地區(qū)）2019年中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 專題十七 選擇型閱讀 課件.ppt

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第三部分閱讀理解專題十七選擇型閱讀,中考英語(浙江專用),題組一Passage1(2018杭州,A)WhenCanadianteenagerRyanwassixyearsold,histeachertoldhimthatinmanypartsofAfrica,therewasnocleanwater.Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andevendied,justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.WhatshesaidmadeRyanupset.Hedecidedtoraisemoneyforawell(井)sothatpeopleinAfricacouldhavecleanwater.Hedidextrachoresforhisparentsandraised$70allbyhimself.Thenhefoundoutthatitactuallycost$2,000todigawell.Mostpeoplewouldhavegivenupatthispoint,butnotRyan.Hewasdisappointed,butdeterminedtoraisemoremoney.Finallyhecollectedover$2,000.Thatmoneywasusedtodigthefirstof“Ryan??swells”.,A組2014—2018年浙江中考題組,五年中考,Sincethen,Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.Infact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!Ryancallshimself“anormalboy”andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe??snotinschoolortrav-ellingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisn??texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo.“Somethingalongthelinesofalawyerorateacher.Maybealeader!”1.Ryan??steachertoldhimaboutthewaterprobleminAfricainorderto.A.encourageRyantodigwellsforpeopleinAfricaB.askRyantoraisemoneyforpoorpeopleinAfricaC.makeRyanfeelunhappyanddisappointedD.educateRyantocareaboutAfricanpeopleindifficulty2.WhatdoesRyanthinkofhimselfaccordingtothepassage?A.Heisdifferentfromotherstudentsinmanyways.B.Henevergivesupwhenhehasdecidedtodosomething.C.Heistalentedandcandomanygreatthingsinthefuture.D.He??slikeotherstudentswithhisownhobbyanddreams.,3.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.RyanandHisTeacherB.RyanandHisWellsC.RyanandHisMoneyD.RyanandHisFuture,答案[語篇解讀]本文講述了小男孩Ryan在得知非洲非常缺乏潔凈的水的問題以后,從小就開始籌錢想幫助非洲人們打井,做出了不平凡的貢獻(xiàn)。1.D推理判斷題。老師告訴Ryan非洲的水資源問題為的是教育學(xué)生關(guān)心非洲困難地區(qū)的人們。故選D項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,Ryan認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)什么樣的人?根據(jù)文章最后一段的第一句可知,他和其他學(xué)生一樣具有自己的興趣愛好和夢(mèng)想。干擾項(xiàng)A:different與Ryan的描述不符;干擾項(xiàng)B:他決定做某事的時(shí)候就絕不會(huì)放棄,這是他人對(duì)他的看法;干擾項(xiàng)C:C項(xiàng)與“heisn??texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo”的表述不符。3.B主旨大意題。題干句意:下列哪一個(gè)最適合做本文的題目?本文講述Ryan在得知非洲人們非常缺乏潔凈的水后,籌錢幫助非洲人們打井的故事,因此答案為B項(xiàng)。長難句Ryancallshimself“anormalboy”andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe??snotinschoolortravellingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Ryan認(rèn)為自己是“一個(gè)普通的男孩子”,他喜歡在不上學(xué)的時(shí)候玩冰上曲棍球,或者喜歡環(huán)游世界對(duì),其他學(xué)生講他自己和他的工作。本句中calls和likes由and相連,作并列的謂語;toplay和travelling由or相連作likes的賓語。when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句,talking是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語補(bǔ)充說明所做的事情。重點(diǎn)詞匯welln.井;allbyhimself全憑他自己詞匯積累determinev.決定,Passage2(2018杭州,B)Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?Believeitornot,that??sexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015.Duringthemeal,theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.ChefDanBarber,whohelpedcreatethemeal,hopedthattheexperiencewouldmaketheleaderspaymoreattentiontotheissueoffoodwaste.Itisahugeproblem.OneoutofninepeopleonEarthdoesnotgetenoughfood.Yeteveryyearoveronethirdofthefoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste!Whyissomuchfoodwasted?Firstly,foodisoftenthrownawaybeforeitreachescustomersbe-causetoomuchofitisproduced,orbecauseitisnotkeptproperlyinfarms.Secondly,shopsandsupermarketsusuallythrowawayunsoldfood.Finally,customersoftenbuymorefoodthantheyneed,soalotofuneatenfoodiswasted.Howcanyouwastelessfood?Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfa-voriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.,Youcanalsowastelessfoodathome.Usesmallerricebowlssothatyouservelessrice.Encour-agefamilymemberstouseunfinishedricetomakericepuddings.Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhenshoppingforfood.Foodwasteisagrowingproblemandwe,eitherfarmersorfoodsellersorcustomers,musttakethisproblemmoreseriouslyanddowhatwecantohelp.1.WhatdidworldleadersdoatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015?A.Theythrewawayfoodaswasteduringthemeal.B.Theymadedisheswithwastevegetablesandfruits.C.Theyatefoodmadewithwastevegetablesandfruits.D.TheyhelpedChefDanBarbercreatethespecialmeal.2.Theunderlinedword“issue”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A.resultB.problemC.causeD.beginning,3.ThewriterorganizesParagraph4byaskingaquestionand.A.givingexamplesB.usingnumbersC.listingreasonsD.tellingastory4.Whichwayofwastinglessfoodismentionedinthepassage?A.Buyingunsoldfoodfromsupermarkets.B.Keepingfoodproperlyinafridge.C.Usingsmallerricebowlswheneatingout.D.Askingforlessfoodinrestaurants.,答案[語篇解讀]本文以世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人吃剩菜的活動(dòng)引入食物浪費(fèi)的話題,詳細(xì)闡述了食物浪費(fèi)的原因,并號(hào)召人們通過各種途徑節(jié)約食物,減少浪費(fèi)。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:2015年世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在由聯(lián)合國舉辦的午宴上做了什么?由第一段中“Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?...that??sexactlywhatworldleadersdid...”可知。2.B詞義猜測(cè)題。result結(jié)果;problem問題;cause原因;beginning開端。根據(jù)第二段,廚師DanBarber希望通過這次經(jīng)歷讓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人更多地關(guān)注食物浪費(fèi)這個(gè)issue,結(jié)合下文中“Itisahugeproblem.”可知,答案選擇B項(xiàng)。3.C推理判斷題。第四段的首句是一個(gè)特殊疑問句。而后通過Firstly,Secondly和Finally三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了回答。因此答案為C項(xiàng)。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:哪一條是文章中提到的減少食物浪費(fèi)的方法?根據(jù)第五段中“Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfood...”可知。長難句Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhen,shoppingforfood.告訴你的家人列一個(gè)購物清單,并且在購買食物的時(shí)候只購買清單上有的東西。本句是一個(gè)祈使句。tomake...作tell的賓語補(bǔ)足語。whenshoppingforfood是時(shí)間狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)。重點(diǎn)詞匯issuen.問題;takethisproblemmoreseriously更嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待這個(gè)問題詞匯積累believeitornot信不信由你,Passage3(2018杭州,C),Bananasaretheperfectsnack.Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere.Bestofall,bananasprovidedifferentthingsthatthehu-manbodyneeds!Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain.Theygrowonplantsthatlookliketrees.Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesn??thaveastrong,woodystem(干,莖).Theplantscangrowashighas30feet.Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.Theseflowersproducebananas.Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.Thebananasgrowtogether,whichseemlike“hands”.Ahandismadeupof10to20bananas.Growerssometimescallbananas“fingers”.Eachbunch(叢)ofbananashasabout15hands,andsoawholebunchmayhaveasmanyas200bananasandcanweighmorethan100pounds.Afteraboutthreemonths,thebananasarereadytobepicked.Atthispoint,theystillaren??tthesunnyyellowcolorofbananas.Farmerspickthemwhenthey??regreen.That??showthey??reshippedtostores.Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.,Ifyoulovebananas,you??vegotalotofcompany.AmericanshavebeenenjoyingbananassincethefirstshipmentarrivedintheUnitedStatesin1876.Today,Americanseatmorebananasthananyotherfruit.Morebananasaresoldthanapplesandgrapestogether.EveryAmericaneatsover26poundsofbananaseachyear!1.Thefirstparagraphmainlytalksabout.A.whypeoplelikebananasB.howbananastasteC.whatbananasarerichinD.wherebananasaretaken2.Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a.Thebananasbegintoturnyellow.b.Abananaplantgrowstofullheight.c.Theflowersproducebananas.d.Thebananasarereadytobepicked.,A.c-b-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-dD.c-b-d-a3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thebananaplantisakindoftree.B.Bananaslikegrowinginhotanddryareas.C.Onebunchofbananasmayweighover100pounds.D.Thebananaplantusuallyproducesfruitonceayear.4.WhichisthesecondmostpopularfruitinAmericaaccordingtothebarchart?A.Apples.B.Grapes.C.Bananas.D.Oranges.,答案[語篇解讀]本文對(duì)香蕉的成長、采摘、運(yùn)輸以及售賣進(jìn)行介紹。作為一種水果,香蕉大受歡迎。1.A主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了香蕉的三個(gè)好處,因此香蕉是完美的小吃。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.”和“Theseflowersproducebananas.”可排出順序b、c;根據(jù)第四段中“Farmerspickthemwhenthey??regreen.”和“Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.”可知排序?yàn)?d、a。因此選擇B項(xiàng)。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的?根據(jù)文章第三段的最后一句可知。由第二段“Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatree”,可知香蕉樹不是樹;由第二段“Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain”可知,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;第三段中“Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.”與D項(xiàng)不符。4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)條形圖,美國第二種最受歡迎的水果是什么?通過觀察圖表,根據(jù)每年一個(gè)人水果攝入量的圖表來看,香蕉排第一,蘋果排第二,因此蘋果是美國第二種最受,歡迎的水果。長難句Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesn??thaveastrong,woodystem.但是香蕉這種植物,被認(rèn)為是一種草本植物,而不是一棵樹,因?yàn)樗鼪]有強(qiáng)壯的木質(zhì)的樹干。本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。重點(diǎn)詞匯woodyadj.木質(zhì)的;stemn.干,莖;shipv.運(yùn)輸詞匯積累shipmentn.運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳?Passage4(2018杭州,D)ThereisapopularChinesesayingthat“Fairskin(皮膚)willmakeupforthreeflaws(缺陷)”.ThismentionsthefactthatinChineseculture,itisbelievedthatpeoplewhohavefairskinaremorebeautiful.InWesternculture,however,theoppositeistrue—manyWesternersthinktannedskinisprettier.Theexampleshowsthatdifferentcultureshavedifferentideasofwhattheythinkisbeautiful.Theseculturalmeaningsofbeauty,however,arenolongerimportant.Asmoreandmorepeopletraveloverseas,ideasaboutbeautyarebeingsharedamongcultures.TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeautysincepeoplearealwayspostingpicturesonsocialmedia.Theresultisanever-changingideaofwhatisconsideredbeautiful.Theculturalpracticeofearpiercings,forexample,hasbecomeapartofmoderndayculture.InKenya,itisatraditionamongtheMasaimenandwomentopierceandthenmaketheirearlobes(耳垂)longerusingivoryandwoodorstones.Theythenwearcolorfulthingsontheirearlobes.Thisisacommonpracticesincelongerearlobesareseenasasignofbeauty.Thistraditionhasnowfounditswayintopresent-dayculture.Nowadays,thismightstillseemunusualtosome,butwithmoreandmorewell-knownactorsandfilmstarsshowingofftheirlongerearlobes,itwillfi-nallybecomemorefashionable.,Itisunderstoodthatdifferentculturesaroundtheworldhavedifferentwaysofshowingbeauty.However,sincewenowliveinaworldwidesociety,people??sviewsaboutbeautyarealwayschanging.WiththehelpoftheInternet,peoplearenowabletoeasilyborrowideasfromothercul-turestohelpthemstandout.Sowhatnewfashionscanweexpecttoseeinthefuture?1.Whathasmadeiteasierforpeopletoshareideasaboutbeauty?A.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.B.Thepopularityofthelatestfashions.C.Theunchangedculturaltraditions.D.Theworld??sgrowingpopulation.2.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMasaipeoplefromthepassage?A.Longerearlobesaretheirnewfashion.B.Onlywomenmaketheirearlobeslonger.C.Theythinklongerearlobeslookbeautiful.D.Theymakeactorsandfilmstarsfamous.,3.Theunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.peopleB.ideasC.culturesD.fashions4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.PeopleinAsiancountrieslikefairskinbetter.B.Beautyisconsideredimportantinmanycultures.C.Differentcultureshavedifferentideasaboutbeauty.D.People??sideasaboutbeautyarechangingallthetime.,答案[語篇解讀]本文以中西方文化對(duì)膚色美的不同看法引入,探討了關(guān)于美和文化的話題。雖然不同的文化有不同的審美觀,但是隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展和不同文化之間的交融,人們的審美也在不斷改變,人們對(duì)美的理解也在相互包容、相互借鑒。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:對(duì)于人們來說什么使得分享審美觀變得更容易了?根據(jù)第一段的“TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeauty”可知。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:從文章來看可以了解到Masai人的什么?根據(jù)文章的第二段“l(fā)ongerearlobesareseenasasignofbeauty”可知。干擾項(xiàng)A:長耳垂是傳統(tǒng),不是新時(shí)尚;干擾項(xiàng)B:Masai的男女都會(huì)如此,與原文不符;干擾項(xiàng)D:明星們的展示使這種時(shí)尚流行,而不是使明星們有名。3.A詞義猜測(cè)題。第三段的倒數(shù)第二句話“在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下,人們現(xiàn)在可以很容易地從其他文化中汲取靈感,幫助他們脫穎而出”,此處them指代people。4.D主旨大意題。題干句意:這篇文章主要關(guān)于什么?本文第一段的最后一句中“anever-changingideaofwhatisconsideredbeautiful”和最后一段中“people??sviewsaboutbeautyare,alwayschanging”可知文章圍繞人們的審美變化展開論述。長難句TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeautysincepeoplearealwayspostingpicturesonsocialmedia.自從人們總是在社交媒體上曬出照片,網(wǎng)絡(luò)也就使得人們分享不同類型的美更加容易了。since引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句。本句中it是形式賓語,真正的賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式。重點(diǎn)詞匯makeupfor彌補(bǔ);traveloverseas海外旅游;showoff炫耀詞匯積累typen.類型,題組二Passage1(2018溫州,A),Oatsarehealthyfood.Manyfamilieshavethemforbreakfast.ThefollowingistheinstructionsofGoldenOatsfromAmerica.1.Tomakethreeservingsofoats,weneedonecupofGoldenOatsandcupsofwater.A.twoB.threeC.fiveD.six,2.BothOatmealCookiesandOatmealAppleCrispneed.A.milkB.eggsC.saltD.butter3.Accordingtotheinstructions,wemust.A.cooktheoatsbeforeaddingwaterB.cooktheoatsforatleast4minutesC.choosethemicrowavetocooktheoatsD.addfruitstotheoatswhencookingthem,答案[語篇解讀]本文對(duì)麥片的烹飪方法進(jìn)行了介紹。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:為了制作三人量的燕麥,我們需要一杯金燕麥和杯水。根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容可知需要三杯水。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)右側(cè)OatmealCookies和OatmealAppleCrisp所列原料對(duì)比可得出答案。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)說明,我們必須。根據(jù)文章可知,爐火制作需要5分鐘,微波爐烹飪需要4分鐘,因此不論哪種方法,至少都需要4分鐘。故選擇B項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)A,在于加水和燕麥的順序,原文是先煮沸水再加燕麥或同時(shí)放水和燕麥;干擾項(xiàng)C,文章沒有提及一定選擇微波爐進(jìn)行烹飪;干擾項(xiàng)D,意思是在烹飪時(shí),加入水果,原文中沒有提到。長難句Stirandletstand1minute.攪拌后,放置一分鐘。本句是一個(gè)祈使句。重點(diǎn)詞匯stirv.攪拌;flourn.面粉;removev.移走,搬開詞匯積累brownsugar紅糖,Passage2(2018溫州,B)Bath,97mileswestofLondon,isthelargestcityinSomerset,England.ItbecameaWorldHer-itageSitein1987.ThecitygotitsnamefromtheRomanBaths,whichwasaplaceforpublicbathinginRomanBritain.Thewaterthereisnaturallyheatedundertheground.Todayvisitorsarenolongerallowedtoenterthewater.However,theexhibitionstherewilltellyouthehistoryoftheRomanBaths.YoucanseemanyancientRomanobjects,includingthecoinsthatwerethrownintothewatertoshowrespectforthegoddess.Lookingoverthecity,youwillseemanyoldbuildingsinthecolorofhoney.Amongthem,theRoyalCrescentandtheCircusarethemostfamous.TheRoyalCrescentisarowof30housesintheshapeofcrescent.TheCircusisabout200meterstotheeastoftheRoyalCrescent.Itisahugecircleformedwithlargetownhouses.Itisdividedintothreepartsofthesamelengthbythreeen-trances*withalawninthecenter.WhenvisitingBath,youcan??tmissthesetwosites.Themuseumsinthecityarealsopopular.Youcangoandappreciatewesternpaintings.Ifyouare,interestedintheEnglishwriterJaneAusten,youcangotoJaneAustenCentertoknowmoreaboutherlifewithherfatherinBath.IfyoucomeinOctober,youcaneventakepartintheBathFilmFestival.Withitsownstyleandfantasticsights,Bathattractsmillionsoftouristsfromallovertheworld.1.ThepassageismainlyabouttheinBath.A.writersB.paintingsC.festivalsD.buildings2.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanvisitorsdointheRomanBaths?A.Takeabath.B.Playinthewater.C.Enjoyancientcoins.D.BuyancientRomanobjects.,4.Bathisacity.A.whereJaneAustenoncelivedB.thatgotitsnamefromtheheatedwaterC.whereafilmfestivalisheldallyearroundD.thathasbeenaWorldHeritageSitefor21years,3.WhichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheRoyalCrescentandtheCircus?,答案[語篇解讀]本文是對(duì)Bath這個(gè)城市的介紹,介紹了城市名字的由來和幾處著名的建筑。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:本文主要是關(guān)于Bath的。文章中theRomanBaths、theRoyalCrescent、theCircus和themuseums都是這個(gè)城市的建筑。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,游覽者可以在theRomanBaths做什么?根據(jù)第二段中最后一句可知。由第二段第三句可知A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;干擾項(xiàng)D,第二段沒有提及購買事宜。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:下面關(guān)于theRoyalCrescent和theCircus,哪一幅圖是正確的?根據(jù)第三段可知theCircus是圓形的,theRoyalCrescent是新月狀的,而theCircus又在theRoyalCrescent的東邊,再根據(jù)文中對(duì)theCircus的具體描述可知選擇B項(xiàng)。4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:Bath是一座的城市。根據(jù)文章的倒數(shù)第二段可知選A。由第二段的第一句可知干擾項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤,城市名字來源于theRomanBaths;由文章的倒數(shù)第二段可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,電影節(jié)在十月份,并非全年;根據(jù)第一段第二句可知,干擾項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。長難句Itisdividedintothreepartsofthesamelengthbythreeentranceswithalawninthecenter.,它(theCircus)被三個(gè)入口分成相同長度的三個(gè)部分,一個(gè)草坪在它的中心。本句用到了被動(dòng)語態(tài),bedividedinto被分成。重點(diǎn)詞匯arowof一排;intheshapeof...以……形狀詞匯積累formv.形成,Passage3(2018溫州,C)Diabetesiscausedbyagroupofmetabolicdisorders*inwhichtherearehighbloodsugarlevelsoveralongperiodoftime.Therearethreemaintypesofdiabetes:Type1Diabetesresultsfromthebodynothavingenoughinsulin.Type2Diabetesmainlyhappenstothosewhodonothaveenoughphysicalexercise,eattoomuchunhealthyfoodandgettooheavy.GestationalDiabetesisthethirdmainform.Itappearswhenawomanishavingababy.Shewillprobablygetwellagainafterthebirthofthebaby.Diabetescanbringseriousproblems.Peoplewithdiabetes,especiallytheType1,willeasilygetthirstyandhungry,andquicklyloseweight.Ifitisnottreated,itwilldeveloprapidly(weeksormonths),andcausemanylong-termcomplications*.Allthecomplicationsrelatetodamagetobloodvessels*.Forexample,damagetotheeyes.Itiscausedbydamagetothebloodvesselsintheeyes,andresultsingradualvisionloss*andblindness.Thecomplicationswillgreatlyincreasetheriskofdiabetes,bywhichabout75%ofthedeathsarecaused.,AccordingtoareportfromtheWHO(WorldHealthOrganization)in2015,about415millionpeo-plehavediabetesworldwide,whichmeans8.3%oftheadultsintheworldhavediabetes.Ofallthecases,85%to90%areType2Diabetes.Thatistosay,mostcasesofdiabetesresultfromtheun-healthylifestyle.Diabetesdoublesaperson??sriskofearlydeath.From2012to2015,about1.5to5milliondeathseachyearresultedfromthisdisease.Theglobaleconomiccostofdiabetesin2014wasaround612billionUSD.Ahealthylifestylecanhelppreventdiabetes.Doingalotofphysicalactivitiesandhavingahealthydietwillhelphavenormalbodyweight.Higherlevelsofphysicalactivity(morethan90minutesperday)canreducetheriskofdiabetesby28%.Healthydietincludesfoodsrichinwholegrainsandfiber,foodswithgoodfatsfromnuts,vegetableoilsandfish,littlesugar,andlessredmeat.1.Diabetesis.A.aseriousdiseaseB.adamagetobloodvesselsC.anunhealthylifestyleD.anunusualbloodsugarlevel,2.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemcandiabetescause?A.Apersongetstooheavy.B.Apersondoesn??twanttoeat.C.Apersonbecomesblind.D.Awomanwillnothaveababy.3.TheWHOreport(2015)tellsusthatintheworld.A.8.3%ofthepeoplehavediabetesB.85%to90%oftheadultshaveType2DiabetesC.about1.5to5millionpeoplediedofdiabeteseveryyearD.theeconomiccostofdiabeteswasabout612billionUSDin20144.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AReportonHealthB.DiabetesandItsCauseC.HowtoPreventDiabetesD.Diabetes:HarmandPrevention,答案[語篇解讀]本文是一篇科普文章,說明了糖尿病的危害和預(yù)防。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“From2012to2015,about1.5to5milliondeathseachyearresultedfromthisdisease.”可知選A。干擾項(xiàng)B是糖尿病的并發(fā)癥之一;不健康的生活方式導(dǎo)致了糖尿病,故C錯(cuò);干擾項(xiàng)D是糖尿病的表現(xiàn)癥狀。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,糖尿病可以導(dǎo)致什么問題?根據(jù)“Itiscausedbydam-agetothebloodvesselsintheeyes,andresultsingradualvisionlossandblindness.”可知選C。吃太多不健康食物、不做足夠運(yùn)動(dòng)的人和太重的人容易得糖尿病,不是糖尿病導(dǎo)致體重過重,干擾項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤。干擾項(xiàng)B和D文中沒有提及。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的倒數(shù)第一句可知D項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)A:倒數(shù)第二段中說的是8.3%的成年人;干擾項(xiàng)B:不是85%—90%的成年人而是85%—90%的糖尿病病人;干擾項(xiàng)C:正確的時(shí)間范圍是2012年—2015年。4.D主旨大意題。題干句意:下面哪一個(gè)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題?文章依次介紹了糖尿病的類型、其帶來的問題和防治。因此選擇D項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)A:這篇文章并不是一個(gè)報(bào)告;干擾項(xiàng)B:文,章沒有具體分析糖尿病的病因;干擾項(xiàng)C:關(guān)于預(yù)防,是本篇文章的一個(gè)部分。長難句Type2Diabetesmainlyhappenstothosewhodonothaveenoughphysicalexercise,eattoomuchunhealthyfoodandgettooheavy.Ⅱ型糖尿病主要發(fā)生在那些不做足夠體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、吃太多不健康食物、體重太重的人身上。本句是主從復(fù)合句。本句中those是先行詞,whodonothaveenoughphysicalexercise,eattoomuchunhealthyfoodandgettooheavy為定語從句修飾先行詞。重點(diǎn)詞匯resultfrom產(chǎn)生于;developrapidly快速發(fā)展詞匯積累damagen.損壞,毀壞,OnMay17,2009,accordingtotheplan,MikeGoodandIwouldtakeaspacewalktotheHubbleSpaceTelescope*torepairaninstrument.Thepowersupplyonthisinstrumenthadfailed,soitcouldnolongerbeused.IwouldbethepersondoingtherepairandMikemyassistant*.Workinginspaceismoredifficultthanyoucanimagine.Asthereisnogravity*,youcan??tstandandanyslightpushcanresultintragedy—youcanbepushedintospaceandneverbeback.,Passage4(2018溫州,D),Wegottothetelescope.Beforewecouldreplacethepowersupply,wewouldhavetoremovefromthetelescopeahandrail*fixedwithfourscrews*.Havingtakenoutthefirstthree,Ifoundthefourthstripped.Irealizedthatthehandrailwouldnotcomeoff,whichmeantwecouldnolongerbeabletoreplacethepowersupplyandrepairthatinstrument,whichmeantscientistscouldnolongerlookattheuniverseandfindlifeonotherplanets.Itriedallkindsofthings,andnothingworked.ThenHouston,thecontrolcentreontheearth,calledupandtoldmetousethetapetotapethebottomofthehandrailandpullitoffthetelescope.Theysaiditwasgoingtotakeabout27kilogramsofforce*formetodothat.Iknewwhatitmeant:Thehandrailcouldbecompletelypulledoffandthesafetytethermightbreak,andImightthereforebepushedintospace.Mikewasnexttomeinhisspacesuitbuthecouldnottakeovermyrole.Iturnedandlookedintothecabinwheremyfivecrewmateswere,andnobodyintherehadaspacesuiton.However,Iknewtheywerealllookingatme,“ComeonMass,weareallbehindyou.”Thetelescopemustberepaired.,“Bam!”Thehandrailcamerightoff.Therestofthewalkwentwell.Wefinallygotthenewpowersupplyin.Theytrieditandturneditonfromtheground.Theinstrumentcamebacktolife.Attheedgeofdarkness,afterabouteighthours,IturnedaroundandsawtheEarthfromouralti-tudeatHubble,568kilometersup.Isawthehugeroundpureblueglobe—ourhomeplanet.It??sthemostbeautiful,magnificentthingI??veeverseen.It??slikelookingintoheaven.It??sparadise.1.Accordingtothepassage,thespacewalkcanbevery.A.interestingB.dangerousC.comfortableD.harmful2.Masshaddifficultyinwhenrepairingtheinstrument.A.fixingthescrewsB.gettingtothetelescopeC.takingoffthehandrailD.findingthenewpowersupply,3.WhydidMasslookintothecabinwherehisfivecrewmateswere?A.Toseewhethertheycouldhelp.B.Tofindoutwhattheyweredoing.C.Toaskthemtosendhimanewtool.D.Toletthemknowwhathadhappened.4.WhatdoesMasswanttotellusbywriting“Attheedgeofdarkness”?(請(qǐng)用約40詞回答),答案[語篇解讀]本文講述了“我”和Mike要在太空中修復(fù)哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡,本來就危險(xiǎn)重重,不料過程中卻遭遇坎坷……1.B推理判斷題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,太空行走可能非常。根據(jù)文章中出現(xiàn)resultintragedy、neverbeback等可知,此次行走非常危險(xiǎn)。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:當(dāng)修理那個(gè)儀器的時(shí)候,Mass在有困難。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知選C。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:為什么Mass看艙內(nèi)五個(gè)宇航同伴?根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知,面對(duì)困境,Mass想尋求伙伴的幫助,因此選擇A項(xiàng)。B、C、D三項(xiàng)均不正確。4.Workinginspacewasdangerousbecausehemightlosehislife.Whenhemetwithdifficultiesinrepairingtheinstrument,hewaslonelyandhelpless.Afterhesolvedtheproblemsandfinishedthetasksuccessfully,hefeltluckyandproud.回答要點(diǎn):1.Spacewalk/Workinginspacewasdan-gerous.2.Therepairwasdifficult.3.Massfeltlonelyandhelpless.4.Massfeltluckyandproud.,長難句Irealizedthatthehandrailwouldnotcomeoff,whichmeantwecouldnolongerbeabletoreplacethepowersupplyandrepairthatinstrument,whichmeantscientistscouldnolongerlookattheuniverseandfindlifeonotherplanets.我意識(shí)到欄桿拿不下來,就意味著我們不能再更換能