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摘要
塔式起重機作為建筑施工的主要設(shè)備，在建筑等行業(yè)發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。塔式起重機屬于臂架型起重機，由于其臂架鉸接在較高的塔身上，且可回轉(zhuǎn)，臂架長度較大，結(jié)構(gòu)輕巧、安裝拆卸運輸方便，適于露天作業(yè)，因此大多數(shù)用于工業(yè)與民用建筑施工。
塔式起重機是為了滿足高層建筑施工、設(shè)備安裝而設(shè)計的新型起重運輸機械，QTZ40塔式起重機是由建設(shè)部長沙建設(shè)機械研究院設(shè)計的新型建筑用塔式起重機，該機為水平臂架，小車變幅，上回轉(zhuǎn)自升式多用途塔機。
本設(shè)計的題目是固定式QTZ40塔式起重機起升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。QTZ40塔式起重機有多種形式，此次設(shè)計的形式為上回轉(zhuǎn)液壓頂升自動加節(jié)，可隨著建筑物的升高而升高，固定式高度為30米，在附著狀態(tài)下可達(dá)到100米，其工作幅度為40米。
本設(shè)計書主要包括三部分：第一部分是QTZ40塔式起重機總體方案的選擇及總體設(shè)計計算過程；第二部分是變幅機構(gòu)的設(shè)計與計算：包括變幅機構(gòu)的形式、確定卷筒尺寸、選擇電動機、減速器、制動器、聯(lián)軸器；驗算實際變幅速度 驗算起、制動時間；電動機發(fā)熱驗算；卷筒強度的計算；第三部分是變幅小車的設(shè)計：包括變幅小車的形式、變幅小車的強度計算。
關(guān)鍵詞：QTZ40塔式起重機 總體設(shè)計：變幅系統(tǒng)
ABSTRACT
As an important facility, the tower crane plays an important role in construction industry. The tower crane belongs to the arm rack type crane. Its arm is hinged on the high tower body, and it may rotate. It has longer arm, dexterous structure. What’s more, it is easy to be assembled, disassembled and transported. It is suitable for the open-air work and mainly used for industry and civil construction
Tower cranes are to meet high-rise construction building, equipment installation and design as a new type machinery of lifting transport. The QTZ40 tower cranes are new tower cranes designed by Changsha Institute of the Ministry of Construction Machinery used in construction building. The aircraft is horizontal boom, trolley luffing, on the back or decanted from the tower-type multi-purpose machines .
The design topic is the stationary QTZ40 tower crane system and the design of lifting structure. There are many kinds of QTZ40 tower crane. The form of this design is as below. With an upper rotating hydraulic pressure propping system, the machine could add height automatically and thus rise with the building ascension. The stationary type is 30meter high; it could reach the height of 100meters when it is being adhered. Its work scope is 40 meters.
This design book mainly includes three parts. The first part summarizes the present situation and the development tendency of the tower crane in both our country and abroad, as well as the characteristic and application occasion..The second part is the QTZ40 tower crane overall concept choice and the system design computation process; the third part is the organization design and the computation of lifting mechanism and the last is the design of the hook group.
Keywords: QTZ500 tower crane The total design：luffing system