高中英語 語法專題 非謂語動詞的做題原則課件 新人教版必修4.ppt

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非謂語動詞十大實(shí)用解題原則,原則一、兩個(gè)句子必須要用連詞連接，如果沒有連詞連接，則需要用非謂語動詞。,1. _________ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had told,,解析：例1中有連詞but連接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案為C。 例2中后面是一個(gè)句子，而且沒有連詞，所以前面不是句子，應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意此處為被動，所以答案為A。,原則二、不及物動詞無-ed形式非謂語動詞，及物動詞有賓語時(shí)用-ing形式，無賓語時(shí)用-ed形式。,例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 解析：lose為及物動詞，現(xiàn)在后面沒有賓語，所以用-ed形式，答案為B。,,例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now. A. Considered all the possibilities B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration C. Taken all the possibilities into considerationD. Giving all the possibilities 解析：把。。。考慮進(jìn)來結(jié)構(gòu)為take sth into consideration，現(xiàn)在take后面有賓語all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案為B。,原則三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作狀語，只作定語。非謂語動詞的完成時(shí)形式to have done或having done強(qiáng)調(diào)該動作發(fā)生在句子謂語動詞之前。,例5. （重慶卷）29. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 解析：根據(jù)句意“我們沒有打通電話，就給他們發(fā)了個(gè)郵件”，沒有打通電話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在發(fā)郵件之前，所以用having done，答案為D。,,例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all. A. to have founded B. having founded C. founding D. to found 解析：根據(jù)句意，Tim Bemers-Lee創(chuàng)立萬維網(wǎng)應(yīng)該是過去的事情，而且be considered后面應(yīng)該用動詞不定式，所以應(yīng)該用to have done，答案為A。,原則四、非謂語動詞作定語時(shí)，表示將來用-to do，表正在進(jìn)行用-ing，表示已經(jīng)完成用-ed。,例7. （安徽卷）The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture． A．produced B．being produced C．to be produced D．having been produced 解析：根據(jù)本題中的時(shí)間狀語next month，可知the play將要于下月被創(chuàng)作出來，表將來應(yīng)該用to do，所以答案為C。,,例8.（湖南卷）The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down 解析：根據(jù)句意“被暴風(fēng)雨刮倒的樹已經(jīng)從路上移走了”，樹被刮倒是過去已經(jīng)完成的動作，表已經(jīng)完成用-ed形式，所以答案為B。,原則五、介詞后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加邏輯主語。,例9. The discovery of new evidence led to ______________. A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught 解析：本題led to中的to是介詞，后面應(yīng)該用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的邏輯主語，所以答案為D。,原則六、-ing形式或to do可作主語或賓語，-ed形式則不可以。,___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch 解析：本題中is為系動詞，前面應(yīng)該作主語，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。,原則七、be+-ed+介詞結(jié)構(gòu)?？砂裝e去掉保留-ed+介詞做狀語。,例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing 解析：“面對”結(jié)構(gòu)為be faced with, 現(xiàn)在做句子的狀語，所以只保留非謂語動詞，把動詞be去掉，答案為C。,,（重慶卷）Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared,原則八、非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致，和句子主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)用-ing形式，構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系是用-ed形式。其邏輯主語和句子主語不一致時(shí)，要在非謂語動詞前加邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。,（北京卷） ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten 解析：本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子主語the postman一致，the postman應(yīng)該是被咬，所以答案為B。,,While watching television, __________. A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 解析：根據(jù)“非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致”的原則，watching的邏輯主語應(yīng)和后面句子主語一致，所以句子主語應(yīng)為“we”，答案為C。,,The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 30._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked,原則九、不定式做狀語一般有兩種：目的狀語和出乎意料的結(jié)果狀語（表示順其自然的結(jié)果用-ing形式）。另外，某些形容詞（表喜、怒、哀、樂）做表語后跟不定式可以表示原因。,———, you need to give all you have and try your best. A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner 解析：根據(jù)句意“要想成為獲勝者，你要付出所有，盡最大努力”，此處表目的，所以答案為B。,,How glad I am ___________ you! A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told,原則十、 非謂語動詞的否定原則是在非謂語動詞前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done幾種形式。,10. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized 解析： 本題考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案為 C。,,Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer. A. don’t go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child. A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed,