2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 BookIII Unit1教學案 人教大綱版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 BookIII Unit1教學案 人教大綱版 單元 考查重點及熱點 Unit 1 單詞 Beard voyager tight moustache brewery conclude hire athletic fade account suitable inspect blank bid decade mittee burst globe bush skillful administration schoolmate grandparent recently familiar concentrate truly delight delighted energetic outgoing 短語 Set down in the first place burst into sth. Center on concentrate on 句型 1.whether…or…句型結構 2.as引導倒裝結構 Unit 2 單詞 Evaluate various key origin equip puzzle wealthy Asian ambassador wander motherland existence accurate navy treasure mand royal embassy zebra volunteer radium dam suggest acplish unable aircraft arise evidence chairman praise 短語 In the name of in exchange for set sail in return bring up apart fron refer to run out 句型 1.It is well know that… 2.v.-ing形式作伴隨狀語 講: vi.& vt. 結束；得出結論；達成；締結(條約等)；決定(不用于被動語態(tài)) 構成短語:conclude...by/with...以……結束 conclude to do sth.決定作某事 conclude...from...從……中推斷 例:The meeting concluded at 8 o’clock. 會議在八點結束。 The story concludes with hero’s death. 這故事以主人公的死亡而告終。 Britain concluded a trade agreement with China. 英國和中國簽署了貿易協(xié)定。 Those are the facts;what do you conclude from them? 這些都是事實，你能從中得出什么結論？ The jury concluded,from the evidence,that she was guilty. 陪審團根據證據作出結論，認定她有罪。 Once the price had been agreed,a deal was quickly concluded. 價格一經商定，交易很快就達成了。 We concluded to go out/that we would go out. 我們決定出去。 鏈接提示 conclude的名詞為conclusion，“得出結論”可以用短語e to/ reach / draw / arrive at a conclusion表示，bring sth. to a conclusion使……結束，in conclusion最后，總之。to conclude(用作插入語)最后。 練:We can’t ________ whether a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination. A.conduct B.notice C.understand D.conclude 答案:D 2.hire 講: vt.&n.租用；雇傭；租金(不可數(shù)名詞) 構成短語:hire out出租 for/on hire出租的；供出租的 例:I’d like to hire a car while traveling in Dalian. 在大連旅游期間我想租輛汽車。 a hired car 租用的汽車 He hired a dozen men to build the house. 他雇傭了十二個人建這座房子。 We hire out our vans by the day. 我們按日出租客貨車。 I’ll have the hire of a car for a week. 我想租輛汽車用一星期。 This suit is on hire.這套衣服是供租用的。 鏈接提示 hire在表示“租用”時，同義詞為rent(可以用作名詞，表示“租金”，是不可數(shù)名詞)，在表示“雇傭”時，其同義詞為employ。 練:—How can I get there? —It’s a long way.You’d better _________ a car traveling there. A.ride B.employ C.hire D.carry 答案:C 3.burst 講: vi.破裂；爆炸；突然發(fā)生；突然發(fā)作 vt.使破裂;使破 n.(感情等的)爆發(fā) 構成短語:burst out doing/burst into+n.突然…… 例:The dam burst because of heavy rain. 因為大雨使大堤決口了。 The door burst open. 門突然打開。 They were bursting with happiness. 他們樂不可支。 The oil burst out of the ground. 油從地下冒出。 The sun burst through the clouds. 太陽從云縫里鉆出來。 The hall burst into cheers when the singer appeared. 當歌手出場時，大廳里爆發(fā)出歡呼聲。 She burst into tears/burst out crying when she heard the news. 當她聽到這個消息時，突然哭起來。 鏈接提示 burst into還有“突然闖入”的意思；be bursting to do sth.急于要做某事。 練:As soon as she saw her boyfriend,she _________ tears. A.burst into B.broke out C.burst out D.broke in 提示:burst into tears突然哭起來；break out為不及物動詞短語，表示“爆發(fā)”；burst out doing sth.突然做某事；break in不及物動詞短語，“突然闖入”的意思。 答案:A 4.delight 講: vt. & n.快樂(不可數(shù))；令人快樂的事情(可數(shù))；使愉快；以做某事為樂 構成短語:to one’s delight 使某人感到高興的 take delight in doing sth. 以做某事為樂 delight in doing sth. 以做某事為樂 例:To our great delight,the day turned out fine. 使我們感到高興的是，天轉晴了。 Her singing is a delight. 她的歌聲使人快樂。 She enjoys the delights of living in the country. 她享受著在鄉(xiāng)村居住的樂趣。 He takes great delight in proving others wrong. 他的極大樂趣是證明別人是錯的。 Her singing delighted everyone. 她的歌聲使大家很愉快。 He delights in making fun of others. 他以捉弄別人為樂。 鏈接提示 delightful adj. “令人愉快的”,如:No news could be more delightful to me. 這消息最令我高興。 delighted adj. “愉快的”,如:I’m delighted at your success/ to hear of your success/ that you succeeded. 我為你的成功感到高興。 練:He has recovered _________ of his friend. A.to their much delight B.to the much delight C.to much the delight D.much to the delight 提示:程度副詞 much/greatly修飾to one’s delight/surprise/disappointment結構時，置于這些結構之前。 答案:D 短語 1.set down 講:該短語意為放下；讓乘客下車；寫下(=write down)；把……歸因于；把……認為是(set sb.down as...) 例:The bus stopped to set down an old lady. 汽車停下來讓一位老太太下車。 I’ll set you down on the corner of your street. 我在你說的那個街道的拐角處讓你下車。 Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper? 你怎么不把你的想法寫在紙上呢？ I set down everything that happened then. 我記下了那時發(fā)生的每一件事。 I set the man down as a salesman. 我以為那個人是推銷員。 I set down his bad temper to his poor health. 我認為他脾氣不好是由于他的健康狀況不佳。 鏈接提示 set about開始為……忙碌，著手工作(后跟名詞或動名詞作賓語，不用于被動語態(tài))； set aside保留，儲蓄，忽視，不顧； set off出發(fā)，動身，引爆，啟動，開始做； set out出發(fā)，著手做； set sail 出海，啟航。 注意:set about和set out都有“著手做某事”的意思，但set about跟動名詞或wh-to do形式作賓語,set out跟動詞不定式作賓語。 練:It has been 15 years the doctoron his _______ work of discovering the cure for this disease. A.set down B.set out C.took off D.turned up 提示:根據句意，此處用set out，表示“著手；開始”。 答案:B 2.concentrate on 講:該短語可以直接跟賓語,表示“全神貫注于……”，也可以用作concentrate...on...，表示“把……集中在……上”。 例:I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on. 吵鬧聲不絕于耳，我無法集中精力學習。 We must concentrate our efforts on improving education. 我們必須致力于改進教育工作。 Having failed my French exams,I decided to concentrate on science subjects. 我因法語考試不及格而決心專攻理科。 鏈接拓展 (1) 近似意思的短語有fix one’s... on sth.全神貫注于；be absorbed in全神貫注于； devote...to...獻身于，全身心地投入；spare no effort to do sth.不遺余力地做某事。 (2) concentration n.集中，專心; concentrated adj. 濃縮的，集中的 練:Anne could not concentrate ________ what she was doing while her family were watching TV. A.to B.on C.for D.in 提示:根據句子的意思和短語搭配得出答案。concentrate on全神貫注于，句意為“全家人都在看電視，安妮無法集中精力做所做的事情”。 答案:B 句型 1.whether...or...句型結構 講:請注意觀察下面教材原句: Whether we are out to set a new record ourselves or simply enjoy reading about champions,The Guinness Book of World Records makes for interesting reading. 無論我們親自破紀錄，還是欣賞閱讀有關別人的奪冠壯舉，《吉尼斯世界紀錄大全》都算得上是一本有趣的書。 whether...or not...在此引導讓步狀語從句，表示“無論……還是……”或“不論是否……”。 例:Whether it rains or not,we’re playing football on Sundays. 無論下不下雨，我們星期六一定踢足球。 They’ll find out who did it,whether you tell them or not. 不論你是否告訴他們，他們都能查出是誰干的。 Whether my parents agree or not,I will study abroad. 無論父母同意與否，我都要出國留學。 You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or not. 不管你忙不忙，你都要參加這個典禮。 鏈接提示 whether...or...有兩個意思:(1)引導名詞性從句或短語，表示“是……還是……”；(2)引導讓步狀語從句，表示“無論是否……， 不管是……還是……”。 練:(1)(xx黃岡期末調研) His ability has never been in doubt—the question is________ he is prepared to work hard. A.that B.if C.where D.whether 提示:本題考查表語從句引導詞的用法。本句話的意思為“他的能力不容置疑，問題是他是否愿意努力工作”。表示“是否”時，表語從句用whether而不用if引導。 答案:D (2)(xx江蘇調研) ________you like it or not,you’ll have to give up smoking. A.If B.Whether C.How D.Why 提示:whether...or not “無論……都”，由句意可知“不管你是否喜歡，你都應該放棄吸煙”。if不能引導讓步狀語從句，其他兩個選項的連詞都不能和or not連用。 答案:B 2.as 引導倒裝結構 講:請注意觀察下面教材原句: Impressive as the record is,it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease. 雖然這項紀錄令人難忘，但阿姆斯特朗與疾病抗爭的故事更加令人矚目。 該句型為as引導的倒裝句型，意思為“雖然；盡管”，相當于although引導的狀語從句。本句話可以改為Although the record is impressive,it is fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.另外，as 也可以用though代替，表示同樣的用法。 例:Young as I am,I already know what career I want to follow. 我雖然還小，但對要從事的職業(yè)已胸有成竹了。 Strange as it may seem,nobody was injured in accident. 這次事故雖然令人不可思議，卻沒有人受傷。 Much as I would like to help,I have a lot to do. 雖然我很想幫你，但是我有很多事要做。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 雖然他是個孩子，卻知道很多東西。 鏈接提示 as 引導讓步狀語從句，當表語為形容詞時，表語提前，形成倒裝句型結構，如果表語為名詞，注意名詞前不使用冠詞。此處相當于though 引導的狀語從句。倒裝句中as也可以換成though，但不能使用although。 練:(1)(xx鄭州質量預測) ________,he managed to finish it in time. A.The job was hard B.Hard as was the job C.Hard as the job was D.Hard was the job 提示:本題考查倒裝語序。由as引導的讓步狀語從句，如果為系表結構，常把表語提到句首，后面主謂順序不變，構成倒裝語序，故選C項。 答案:C (2)Hard-working though he was, ________there was never enough money to pay the bills. A./ B.and C .but D.therefore 提示:本題考查句子的結構。從句子的結構上分析，第一句話為倒裝語序，相當于Though he was hard-working這一讓步狀語從句，所以后面的一句話應該是主句，故不使用連詞。 答案:A 辨析 1.be fit for,fit,suit,match,go with,agree with 這些詞或短語都有“合適，相配”的意思，但用法和所表示的側重點不同。 be fit for 一般表示“某人適合某一職務”。 be fit to do 適于做…… fit v. 表示“衣服大小適合某人”。 suit v. 適合。表示衣服時，一般表示顏色、樣式適合某人。 match v. 相稱；相配 go with相配套 agree with適宜 即時練習: (1)The climate here ________ me well. (2)The new dress ________ her very well. (3)The seven o’clock train will ________ best. (4)His theory ________ the facts. (5)Do these red shoes ________ the dress? (6)We must find carpets that will ________ the curtains. (7)He ________ the important position,I think. (8)The water in this well is not ________ to drink. 答案:(1)suits (2)suited (3)suit (4)agrees with (5)go with (6)match (7)is fit for (8)fit 2.permit,permission 這兩個詞都可以用作名詞，但用法和意思不同。 permit n.(可數(shù)名詞)通行證 permission n.(不可數(shù)名詞)許可；準許；允許 表示“未經許可”可以說without a permit,without permission或者without being permitted三種形式。 You cannot enter a military base without a permit. 無通行證不得擅入軍事基地。 When you are in,please don’t touch the machines without permission. 進入后，未經許可不準觸摸機器。 You have my permission to leave. 我允許你離開。 She refused to give her permission. 她拒不同意。 即時練習: They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area without ________. A.permit B.permission C.a permission D.permitted 提示:此處用不可數(shù)名詞permission，表示“許可”。 答案:B 誘思:實例點拔 【例1】 (xx遼寧大連雙基測試) Ever since I won the big prize,my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing.People________to ask me what I am going to do with the money. A.are calling B.call C.were calling D.will call 提示:本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由“my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing”和“...ask me what I am going to...”可知應用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表示近期一直持續(xù)的動作。 答案:A 【例2】 (xx山東模擬) He was educated at a local grammar school, ________ he went onto Cambridge. A.from which B.after that C.after which D.from this 提示:題意:他在當?shù)氐囊凰Z法學校上的學，之后去了劍橋(大學)。根據句意，此處應用after which。 答案:C 講評:此題考查“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句。解答本題的關鍵在于分析句型結構，且定語從句中介詞后面表示事物時應該使用which。 【例3】 (xx浙江模擬) ________ I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the next meeting. A.When B.After C.As D.Since 提示:句意為“正如我在電話中解釋的，在下次會上將考慮你的請求”。as表示“如同”。 答案:C 講評:選擇連詞的關鍵在于理解從句的類型、句意和主從句之間的邏輯關系。