2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 第十九講 主謂一致講練.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 第十九講 主謂一致講練 語(yǔ)法精講1、語(yǔ)法一致原則：即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 2、意義一致原則：有些單詞如：all, some, half, most the rest及分?jǐn)?shù)、百分比等用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需根據(jù)其表達(dá)的實(shí)際意思來(lái)確定單復(fù)數(shù)。 3、鄰近原則： 主要指有成對(duì)連詞如：either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, 及there be 句型等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 4、附加原則： with, together with, along with，as well as, more than one，but, like, except, rather than，other than 等后面的成分是附加內(nèi)容，不是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與這些單詞前面的那個(gè)名詞（主語(yǔ)）保持一致。 5、整體原則：主語(yǔ)從句、不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、疑問(wèn)句+不定式、及表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等度量詞作主語(yǔ)，均可視為整體而用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。 6、幾點(diǎn)特殊情況 a. 單復(fù)數(shù)一致的名詞如,deer, sheep, fish, means, Chinese, Japanese 等。 b. 永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞如 cattle, people, police 等。 c. “The A and B” 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 “The A and the B” 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 d. Many a + 名詞作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 e. The + 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 f. The + adj 表示一類人作主語(yǔ)，如the rich, the poor 等謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 g. 找準(zhǔn)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)。 如: South of the village stand many tall trees. Between the two buildings lies a big hotel 語(yǔ)法精練 1. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 2. She is one of the few girls who ____ in the kindergarten. A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is playing well D. are paying well 3. ---Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _____ to go university. ---So do I. A. hope B. hopes c. hoping D. hoped 4. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 5. When and where to build the factory ____ yet. A. isn’t decided B. aren’t decided C. hasn’t decided D. haven’t decided 6. Either you or the headmaster _____ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting. A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out 7. A library with five thousand books _____ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 8 --A new museum is said to be built in the park, isn’t it? --Yes. But every flower and every tree here _____ to be cut down. A. is B. are C. have D. will 答案：BBBCADAA