2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) 第一單元過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)卷 新人教版必修5.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) 第一單元過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)卷 新人教版必修5 一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子 1．We gave him a ________test paper to do, so its unbelievable that he has ________it ________ in just half an hour.(plete) 2．What Mr.Zhang ________ was very ________．Whats more, his method of ________ was most agreeable.(instruct) 3．The ________ of something is the fact that it is ________ to something else; in other words, we call it an ________ thing.(add) 4．This ________ virus ________ children easily and the ________ can be carried in many ways.(infect) 5．________ I drank the medicine, I got an ________effect.(immediate) 6．I have told them with absolute ________ there ll be no change of policy.(certain) 答案: 1．plete；pleted；pletely 2．instructed；instructive；instruction 3．a(chǎn)ddition；added；additional 4．infectious；infects；infection 5．Immediately；immediate 6．certainty 二、翻譯下列短語(yǔ) 1．對(duì)……嚴(yán)格要求　________________ 2．導(dǎo)致 ________________ 3．對(duì)……熱心 ________________ 4．除……外 ________________ 5．對(duì)……小心謹(jǐn)慎 ________________ 6．使……暴露，顯露 ________________ 7．該受責(zé)備， 應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé) ________________ 8．得出結(jié)論 ________________ 9．沒(méi)有意義 ________________ 10．減速 ________________ 答案: 1．be strict in sth.with sb.　2.lead to 3．be enthusiastic about　4.apart from 5．be cautious about　6.expose...to 7．be to blame for...　8.draw a conclusion 9．make no sense　10.slow down 三、選用上述短語(yǔ)完成下列句子 1．____________listening to music, he has no other hobbies in his spare time. 2．Not having enough sleep for a long time always __________ sickness. 3．Each of us should ____________ourselves and never break the rules of the school. 4．They have ________a few different ________from a large number of facts. 5．Chen Long ________ the publicspirited activities.He often attends the publicspirited performance. 6．Dont ________ yourself ________ the sun for too long, or you will get sunburnt. 7．It____________to buy such an expensive coat when the cheaper ones are just as good. 答案: 1．Apart from　2.leads to　3.be strict with 4．drawn；conclusions　5.is enthusiastic about 6．expose；to　7.makes no sense 四、語(yǔ)法填空 People who are disabled want to enjoy the fort of owning a home.However，many home makers today ignore the needs of 1.________disabled.So people who are disabled may need to make their houses accessible 2.________them.When disabled people wonder 3.________must be changed in their homes，they may take these suggestions.They and 4.________family members can use these ideas to change the home into a house that is fortable for them. Disabled people often have a difficulty 5.________(move)through doorways in todays houses.The doorways are simply not wide enough for a walker(步行器)6.________a wheelchair.However，widening a doorway three inches on each side can make that space wide enough.It can allow the person to pass 7.________ (fortable)who uses a walker，wheelchair，or other facilities. Many houses today also have counters(柜臺(tái)) that are too high for disabled people to reach. A person who 8.________(possess) the necessary skills may also find this project does not take much time 9.________all to plete. Bathrooms can be dangerous places for people who have certain disabilities.They may need help getting in and out of the shower or tub.People can grab bars in the shower or tub in their bathroom，10.________can keep them steady as they use the shower or tub. 解析：此處需要一個(gè)定冠詞和形容詞一起表一類人，填the。 答案：the 2．解析：此處需要一個(gè)介詞和accessible搭配，表“可進(jìn)入的”，填to。 答案：to 3．解析：此處是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，需要引導(dǎo)詞表需change的內(nèi)容，填what。 答案：what 4.解析：此處需要一個(gè)形容詞性物主代詞表“他們的”，填their。 答案：their 5．解析：這里是have a difficulty doing的表達(dá)方式，需用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，填moving。 答案：moving 6.解析：根據(jù)邏輯含義可以判斷，此處需要一個(gè)連詞表“或者”，填or。 答案：or 7.解析：此處需要一個(gè)副詞作狀語(yǔ)，填fortably。 答案：fortably 8.解析：此處需用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)，填possesses。 答案：possesses 9.解析：此處需填介詞，at與all搭配，表示“一點(diǎn)兒也(不)”，填at。 答案：at 10.解析：此處是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，需要引導(dǎo)詞表物，填which。 答案：which B卷　綜合檢測(cè) (測(cè)試時(shí)間：120分鐘　評(píng)價(jià)分值：120分) 第一部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天體物理學(xué)家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old. In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神經(jīng)元) disease made him concentrate on his work. Professor Hawking said：“My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，” he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.” But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.” 1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world. B．Stephen Hawking couldnt read at the age of 7. C．Stephen Hawkings handwriting was once terribly bad. D．Stephen Hawkings sister once performed much better than him. 2．We can infer that Stephen Hawking was________when he was a child and studied in Oxford University. A．clever B．lazy C．bright D．mean 3．What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work? A．Patience. B．Knowledge. C．Disease. D．Laziness. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Stephen Hawking didnt realize his dreams in physics. B．It was possible for Hawking to face the early death. C．The purpose of the doctors diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard. D．His life might be taken away by long hard work. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章向我們介紹了傳奇科學(xué)家霍金。 1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”可知綽號(hào)“愛(ài)因斯坦”是同學(xué)給起的，但并不意味著他就是第二個(gè)愛(ài)因斯坦。 答案：A 2．解析：推理判斷題。由第一段“But outstanding astrophysicist Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.”和第二段開(kāi)頭句可知，他小時(shí)候和在大學(xué)里是非常懶惰的。 答案：B 3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“...only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone disease made him concentrate on his work.”可知，是“運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元疾病”促使他有所作為。 答案：C 4．解析：段落大意題。由最后一段，特別是信息句“He said，‘When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.’”可知，他有可能要面對(duì)英年早逝的不幸事實(shí)。 答案：B B Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of ets which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular et was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems. However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a et had the shape of an ellipse. Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the ets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The ets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607 and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart. This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different ets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about, the more he thought that there had not been three different ets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same et three times. The et had gone away and had e back again. It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this et would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested. In 1758 the et appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that et had been called Halleys et, in his honour. 5．Halley made his discovery________． A．by doing experiments B．by means of his own careful observation C．by using the work of other scientists D．by chance 6．Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year________． A．1704　　 B．1705　　　　C．1706　　　　　D．1707 7．This text in general is about________． A．Halley and other scientists B．the orbit of a et C．Newton and Halley D．Halley and his discovery 8．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist. B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiment. C．Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician. D．The orbit of a et had the shape of a round. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文講述科學(xué)家哈雷發(fā)現(xiàn)哈雷彗星的運(yùn)行軌跡和特點(diǎn)。 5．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在研究其他科學(xué)家的觀察中得出來(lái)的，其他選項(xiàng)與本文內(nèi)容不符。 答案：C 6．解析：計(jì)算推理題。首先確定彗星下次出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間是l758年，然后確定這一時(shí)間距離他預(yù)測(cè)的時(shí)間是53年，1758－53＝1705。 答案：B 7．解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知文章的每一段都在介紹哈雷及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)，另外也可以從文章的首尾句看出本文的大意。 答案：D 8．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本文第一句說(shuō)哈雷是一個(gè)英國(guó)科學(xué)家，所以A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。從第二句話可以看出，哈雷的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在研究其他科學(xué)家的觀察中得出來(lái)的，所以B項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。從第二段最后一句話可以得知哈雷彗星的軌道是橢圓形的，所以排除D項(xiàng)。 答案：C C Someday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites youve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. In fact, its likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend, a marketing pany, a boss, a policeman or a criminal. Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen—the 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)． Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露) yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. Actually few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (面包屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like. In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not，increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret． The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”． When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”． But people say one thing and do another. Only a small part of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收費(fèi)亭)to avoid using the EZPass system that can track(跟蹤) automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50centsoff coupon(優(yōu)惠券)． But privacy does matter at least sometimes. Its like health：when you have it，you dont notice it. Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it. 9．From Paragraph 2，we can infer________． A．criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology B．people tend to be more frank with each other in the information age C．in the 21st century people try every means to look into others secrets D．peoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge 10．What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? A．There should be a distance even between friends. B．There should be fewer quarrels between friends. C．Friends should always be faithful to each other. D．Friends should open their hearts to each other. 11．Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？ A．There are always people who are curious about others affairs. B．Many search engines profit by revealing peoples identities. C．People leave traces around when using modern technology. D．Modern society has finally developed into an open society. 12．What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection? A．They change behaviors that might disclose their identity. B．They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it. C．They rely more and more on electronic equipment. D．They use various loyalty cards for business deals. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：在這個(gè)信息化、高科技化的時(shí)代，我們變得越來(lái)越“透明”——幾乎沒(méi)什么隱私。多數(shù)人對(duì)此抱有憂慮，但實(shí)際上卻很少有人在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中去保護(hù)自己的隱私。專家指出，隱私猶如健康，不要等到失去了才后悔。 9．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen”可知。 答案：D 10．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy...”可知與朋友保持適當(dāng)距離是有益的。 答案：A 11．解析：詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“...bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy...”可知在這個(gè)高科技化的時(shí)代人們幾乎沒(méi)有秘密。 答案：C 12．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“But people say one thing and do another”可知。 答案：B D Tail Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park.The smaller dolphin，Grace，shows off a few of her tricks，turning around and waving hello to the crowd.The most amazing thing about her，however，is that shes even swimming at all.She doesnt have a tail. Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December xx，she was fighting for her life.“ Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone，feared the worst.Grace did make it—but her tail didnt. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side. The movements put harmful pressure on Graces backbone. So a pany offered to create a manmade tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldnt hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The new tail isnt necessary for her to feel fortable，”says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion (動(dòng)作) and build muscles (肌肉)．” Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage. 13．When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her________． A．physical build B．potential ability C．chance of survival D．a(chǎn)daptation to the surroundings 14．A manmade tail is created for Grace to________． A．let her recover faster B．make her fortable C．a(chǎn)djust her way of swimming D．help her perform better tricks 15．The story of Grace inspires people to ________． A．stick to their dreams B．treat animals friendly C．treasure what they have D．face difficulties bravely 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文為一篇記敘文 ，屬勵(lì)志類文章。通過(guò)講述海洋公園的小海豚Grace盡管沒(méi)有尾巴，卻能克服困難，用另外一種方式游泳，并且還要拍電影《海豚的故事》以激勵(lì)人們要勇敢地面對(duì)困難。 13．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“she was fighting for her life”可知，剛開(kāi)始，它的訓(xùn)練員擔(dān)心它能不能活下來(lái)。 答案：C 14．解析：推理判斷題。由文章第三段可知，海豚Grace形成了它自己的游泳方式。由第五段內(nèi)容可知，給海豚戴上人造尾巴的目的不是為了舒服，而是為了保持動(dòng)作，鍛煉肌肉，也就是它帶著人造尾巴的目的是調(diào)整游泳方式。 答案：C 15．解析：推理判斷題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，盡管海豚Grace沒(méi)有了尾巴，但是它克服困難，以另外一種方式游泳，最后還提到，它要拍電影給人們帶來(lái)鼓勵(lì)，由此我們知道，我們要勇敢地面對(duì)困難。 答案：D 第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Investing in yourself Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task. This is something that you will want to learn how to do. __16__ Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments. However, before you start, you need to be clear about what you will gain out of doing all of these things. You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education. __17__ There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership or learning a new skill. So what are some specific things you can do? __18__ Reading books can really expand your mind and allow you to learn different skills and gain knowledge. Im talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill, not fiction books. You can also take courses and attend seminars. These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill. __19__ Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentation. Moreover, investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money. Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment, that isnt 100% safe. Even if you never experience your bank closing down, the return is little when inflation(通貨膨脹) is taken into consideration. __20__ But over time, they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success. A．This is just one way. B．The benefits will stay with you. C．If you arent a reader, you should start with that. D．The more you do this, the more valuable you will be. E．Of course, you need to do some research before investing. F．The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself. G．When you invest in yourself, you may not see gains right away. 16．解析：根據(jù)下句“Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments.”一些會(huì)提高你的知識(shí)、技能或健康的事情都是不錯(cuò)的投資。得知是要對(duì)自己投資。 答案：F 17．解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，除了投資教育，這是一種方式而已，你還可以辦健身會(huì)員或?qū)W習(xí)新技能，因此這說(shuō)的是一方面和其他方面。A表示過(guò)渡。 答案：A 18．解析：下一句中提到閱讀可以開(kāi)闊你的思維，學(xué)到新的技能和獲得知識(shí)。因此前面說(shuō)如果你不是讀者，應(yīng)該開(kāi)始閱讀。 答案：C 19．解析：由下一句可知，為了避免被一些銷售假象所蒙蔽，你應(yīng)該在投資前做一些調(diào)查。 答案：E 20．解析：但是隨著時(shí)間的推移，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)成效。因此前面在說(shuō)對(duì)自己的投資可能不會(huì)立竿見(jiàn)影。 答案：G 第二部分　英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Education from My Father My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life. But there are__21__that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of__22__． When I was small I was somewhat__23__of lightning and thunder. My father explained it. The explanation was in__24__that a child could understand but was basically correct. I gained a better__25__later, but I didnt have to unlearn anything. What he said was that there was electricity in the clouds__26__it travelled to the ground like a spark. When it travelled__27__the air it made the air so hot that it__28__. Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to__29__the space. He clapped his hands together very loud，__30__to be the air rushing in, and said that makes the thunder. When I hear thunder, I can still hear that__31__． He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was__32__．It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars: no moon, no town lights. But there were more stars than you could__33__and they had color too. He said that if there were no clouds, we had no blankets and were__34__to the universe. Our warmth was going to__35__the whole universe. When there were clouds, they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe. I__36__feel on the edge of space on a very clear night. I am sure there were many other lessons that I__37__but no longer remember. What I did__38__， in general, was that there were explanations and that the more I understood them, the more fortable the world was to live in. I was not taught that there were__39__but that there was understanding if you looked for it. This may be why I have always been__40__in science. 21．A.others B．few C．some D．a(chǎn)ll 22．A.science B．nature C．weather D．universe 23．A.sure B．fond C．tired D．a(chǎn)fraid 24．A.depth B．words C．gestures D．data 25．A.understanding B．knowledge C．mand D