2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 議論文專題（一）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 議論文專題（一） A typical lion tamer（馴獸師）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’ the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion bees confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress? This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to acplish, someone you want to bee…take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. 1. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To trick the lion. B. To show off his skills. C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience. 2. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things. C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show 3. What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3? A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful. C. Respectful. D. Supportive. 4. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _____ A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance B Its generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brule latte because they like expensive coffee drinks. Its undeniable that behavior es from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern. By observing our own behavior，we can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. Moreover, we dont just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that werent there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didnt. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition. Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people bee what they do, though it may not be in pliance (符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonneguts advice: "We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be. “ 5. According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are monly believed to __ A. determine ones behavior B. reflect ones taste C. influence ones surroundings D. result from ones habits 6. Which of the following would Daryl Bern most probably agree with? A. The return of a wallet can indicate ones honesty. B. A kind person will offer his seat to the old. C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment. D, One buys latte out of true love of coffee. 7. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage? A. We fall to realize our inner dispositions. B. We can be influenced by outside pressures. C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires. D. Our characters can shape our social relationships. 8. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage? A. Personalities and attitudes. B, Preferences and habits. C, Behavior and personalities. D. Attitudes and preferences. C People aren’t walking any more---if they can figure out a way to avoid it. I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in ay hurry, either, I had merely bee one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis. It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune, for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced –and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty. Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper…… is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And wlaking is an ideal form of exercise--- the most familiar and natural of all. It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world, He cannot learn in a car. The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green. I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting. 9. What is the national sickness? A. Walking too much B. Traveling too much C. Driving cars too much D. Climbing stairs too much. 10. What was life like when the author was young? A. People usually went around on foot. B. people often walked 25 miles a day C. People used to climb the Statue of Liberty. D. people considered a ten-j\hour walk as a hardship. 11. The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that A. middle-aged people like getting back to nature B. walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind C. people need regular exercise to keep fit D. going on foot prevents heart disease 12. What is pared to “a steel river” in Paragraph6? A. A queue of cars B. A ray of traffic light C. A flash of lightning D. A stream of people 13. What is the author’s intention of writing this passage? A. To tell people to reflect more non life. B. To remend people to give up driving C. To advise people to do outdoor activities D. To encourage people to return to walking D One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being forted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching（干嘔）into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficult sleeping the night before. What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-petitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩夢）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease. Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say petition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that’s a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain. Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting — and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side. I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less petitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch. 14. What can we learn about the author’s son from Paragraph 1? A. He talked with some mothers. B. He forted his classmates. C. He had difficulty in sleeping. D. He suffered from stomachache. 15. Sports day is still an annul event in this school probably because __________. A. this is an independent school B. it is a tradition of the school C. it helps children lose weight D. children enjoy watching sports 16. What does the author think about team games? A. They should include more stressful races. B. They are acceptable to different children. C. They should be abandoned at primary school. D. They are less fun for those who love running. 17. What is the author’s attitude towards sports day? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Positive. D. Ambiguous.